Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:07:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 feltran_jc_me_botfca.pdf: 273325 bytes, checksum: 61f44a34edaf75a9b81062c30dbf034c (MD5) / A batata é o quarto cultivo alimentício em importância, em nível mundial, superada apenas pelo trigo, arroz e milho. O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento de cultivares de batata, visando selecionar aqueles com melhor desempenho produtivo, menor ocorrência de distúrbios fisiológicos, suas exigências nutricionais, além de verificar a qualidade dos tubérculos. O experimento foi conduzido em São Manuel (SP), na época “das águas” com utilização de irrigação suplementar. A área experimental apresentou textura média e saturação por bases (V) igual a 61%. A adubação de plantio constituiu-se da aplicação de termofosfato (250 kg.ha-1) em área total e 4-14-8 + 0,5% Zn (2.350 kg.ha-1) no sulco. Fez-se duas adubações de cobertura com 200 kg.ha-1 de 20–0-20 e de nitrocálcio aos 18 DAE (dias após a emergência plena) e 35 DAE, respectivamente. O plantio foi realizado em agosto de 2000, utilizando-se o espaçamento de 0,80 x 0,35 m. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com 18 tratamentos, representados por cultivares de batata (Agata, Apuã, Aracy, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Asterix, Bintje, Dali, Clone IAC-6090, Itararé, Laguna, Remarka, Liseta, Mondial, Novita, Oscar, Picasso, Santana e Solide) com quatro repetições. Destacou a cultivar Mondial com maior produtividade total e comercial. Também sobressaiu-se a cultivar IAC Aracy Ruiva quanto a porcentagem de tubérculos comerciais, distúrbios fisiológicos e qualidade dos tubérculos. As cultivares Oscar, Itararé, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Clone IAC-6090, Aracy, Solide, Asterix, Santana e Laguna são adequadas para fritura, purê e assada. Enquanto que as cultivares Mondial, Picasso, Novita, Dali e Ágata são propícias para o cozimento e ‘Apuã’, ’Remarka’, ’Bintje’ e ’Liseta’ são adequadas para purê e assada... / Potato is the world fourth cultivation in level of nutrition importance, overcome only by wheat, rice and corn. These research work had for objective to evaluate the behavior potato cultivars, aimed to select those with better productive performance, smaller occurrence of physiological disorders, their nutritional exigences besides verifying the quality of tubers. The experiment was lead in São Manuel county (SP), at the raining season with use of supplemental irrigation. The experimental area presented medium texture and saturation for bases (V) equal to 61%. The planting fertilization was constituted of termofosfato application (250 kg.ha-1) in total area and 4-14-8 + 0,5% Zn (2,350 kg ha-1) in the furrow. Have been done two covering fertilization with 200 kg.ha-1 of 20-0-20 fertilizer and of nitrocálcio to 18 and 35 DAE (days after the full emergency), respectively. The planting was accomplished in august, 2000, being used spacing of 0,80 x 0,35 m. The experimental outline used was randomized blocks, with 18 treatments, represented by potato cultivars (Agata, Apuã, Aracy, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Asterix, Bintje, Dali, Clone IAC-6090, Itararé, Laguna, Remarka, Liseta, Mondial, Novita, Oscar, Picasso, Santana and Solide) with four replicates. Mondial cultivar was outstanding with larger total and commercial productivity. Also distinguished the cultivar IAC Aracy Ruiva in aspects of commercial tubers rate, physiological disorders and quality of tubers. Oscar, Itararé, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Clone IAC-6090, Aracy, Solide, Asterix, Santana and Laguna cultivars are adequate for frying, purée and to be roasted. While Mondial, Picasso, Novita and Dali cultivars are apropriate for boiling and, ‘Apuã‘, ‘Remarka‘, ‘Bintje‘ and ‘Liseta’ are favorable for pureé and to be roasted The extraction and the macronutrients export for the tubers, for all cultivars, followed the decreasing order: ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Orientador: Leandro Borges Lemos / Resumo: A batata é o quarto cultivo alimentício em importância, em nível mundial, superada apenas pelo trigo, arroz e milho. O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento de cultivares de batata, visando selecionar aqueles com melhor desempenho produtivo, menor ocorrência de distúrbios fisiológicos, suas exigências nutricionais, além de verificar a qualidade dos tubérculos. O experimento foi conduzido em São Manuel (SP), na época "das águas" com utilização de irrigação suplementar. A área experimental apresentou textura média e saturação por bases (V) igual a 61%. A adubação de plantio constituiu-se da aplicação de termofosfato (250 kg.ha-1) em área total e 4-14-8 + 0,5% Zn (2.350 kg.ha-1) no sulco. Fez-se duas adubações de cobertura com 200 kg.ha-1 de 20-0-20 e de nitrocálcio aos 18 DAE (dias após a emergência plena) e 35 DAE, respectivamente. O plantio foi realizado em agosto de 2000, utilizando-se o espaçamento de 0,80 x 0,35 m. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com 18 tratamentos, representados por cultivares de batata (Agata, Apuã, Aracy, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Asterix, Bintje, Dali, Clone IAC-6090, Itararé, Laguna, Remarka, Liseta, Mondial, Novita, Oscar, Picasso, Santana e Solide) com quatro repetições. Destacou a cultivar Mondial com maior produtividade total e comercial. Também sobressaiu-se a cultivar IAC Aracy Ruiva quanto a porcentagem de tubérculos comerciais, distúrbios fisiológicos e qualidade dos tubérculos. As cultivares Oscar, Itararé, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Clone IAC-6090, Aracy, Solide, Asterix, Santana e Laguna são adequadas para fritura, purê e assada. Enquanto que as cultivares Mondial, Picasso, Novita, Dali e Ágata são propícias para o cozimento e 'Apuã', 'Remarka', 'Bintje' e 'Liseta' são adequadas para purê e assada...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Potato is the world fourth cultivation in level of nutrition importance, overcome only by wheat, rice and corn. These research work had for objective to evaluate the behavior potato cultivars, aimed to select those with better productive performance, smaller occurrence of physiological disorders, their nutritional exigences besides verifying the quality of tubers. The experiment was lead in São Manuel county (SP), at the raining season with use of supplemental irrigation. The experimental area presented medium texture and saturation for bases (V) equal to 61%. The planting fertilization was constituted of termofosfato application (250 kg.ha-1) in total area and 4-14-8 + 0,5% Zn (2,350 kg ha-1) in the furrow. Have been done two covering fertilization with 200 kg.ha-1 of 20-0-20 fertilizer and of nitrocálcio to 18 and 35 DAE (days after the full emergency), respectively. The planting was accomplished in august, 2000, being used spacing of 0,80 x 0,35 m. The experimental outline used was randomized blocks, with 18 treatments, represented by potato cultivars (Agata, Apuã, Aracy, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Asterix, Bintje, Dali, Clone IAC-6090, Itararé, Laguna, Remarka, Liseta, Mondial, Novita, Oscar, Picasso, Santana and Solide) with four replicates. Mondial cultivar was outstanding with larger total and commercial productivity. Also distinguished the cultivar IAC Aracy Ruiva in aspects of commercial tubers rate, physiological disorders and quality of tubers. Oscar, Itararé, IAC Aracy Ruiva, Clone IAC-6090, Aracy, Solide, Asterix, Santana and Laguna cultivars are adequate for frying, purée and to be roasted. While Mondial, Picasso, Novita and Dali cultivars are apropriate for boiling and, 'Apuã', 'Remarka', 'Bintje' and 'Liseta' are favorable for pureé and to be roasted The extraction and the macronutrients export for the tubers, for all cultivars, followed the decreasing order: ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Mestre

Potato Virus Y (PVY) infection and nitrogen (N) deficiency cause similar symptoms (chlorosis and stunting) on potato foliage. While conventional methods, including ELISA and petiole testing, require destructive sampling and a longer time to diagnose, spectral analysis can be non-destructive, rapid and efficient. Spectral reflectance for potato cultivars representing three market types, chip processing, red-skinned fresh, and fresh and processing russets, were assessed in separate greenhouse trials in response to three N rates (90, 200, and 290 kg/ha) and two PVYN:O infection levels (clean and infected) at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after inoculation (WAI). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was able to differentiate clean and PVYN:O infected samples of red-skinned and chip processing cultivars, at 4 and 8 WAI, respectively. Overall, cultivars differed in their spectral responses, indicating the importance of studying cultivar-specific spectral responses against PVY infection in future.

Thesis (M. A. Agriculture (Plant Protection)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Available potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars do not have any genotype that is resistant to the root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes. Due to the susceptibility of potato cultivars to Meloidogyne species, alternative management strategies had to be researched and developed after the withdrawal of methyl bromide from the agro-chemical markets, amongst which were the cucurbitacin-containing phytonematicides. However, of the available application methods of phytonematicides, the ground leaching technology (GLT) and botinemagation technology were not suitable for use in most high-rainfall potato-producing regions, where production is under rain-fed conditions. The objective of the study, therefore, was to determine whether pre- and post-emergent application of Nemafric-BG phytonematicide would have effects on growth of potato and suppression of M. javanica population densities. Parallel pot trials of pre- and post-emergent application of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide were conducted under greenhouse conditions in autumn (February-April: Experiment 1) 2017 and validated (Experiment 2) in 2018. Each plant was inoculated with 3000 M. javanica eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2). Five treatments, namely, 0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 g concentration of Nemafric-BG phytonematicide, arranged in randomised complete block design, were either applied mixed with seed tubers for pre-emergent or spread on the soil surface after emergence for post-emergent trials. In all cases, plant growth variables were assessed using the Curve-fitting Allelochemical Response Data (CARD) model, whereas nutrient elements (Fe, K, Na and Zn) and nematode variables were assessed using analysis of variance, with data subjected to lines of the best fit. In pre-emergent application trial, plant height (R2 = 0.98) and fresh root mass (R2 = 0.99) exhibited quadratic relations, characterised by density dependent growth patterns with increasing concentrations of Nemafric-BG xv phytonematicide in Experiment 1, similar trends were also observed on plant height (R2 = 0.99) and root mass (R2 = 0.99) in Experiment 2. In contrast, in post-emergent application trial, plant height (R2 = 0.97), fresh root mass (R2 = 0.99) and dry shoot (R2 = 0.98) exhibited quadratic relations in Experiment 1, which ascribed to DDG patterns, similar trends were also observed in Experiment 2 on plant height (R2 = 0.99), fresh root mass (R2 = 0.96) and dry shoot (R2 = 0.99) of potato cv. ꞌMondial G3ꞌ. In pre-emergent application trials, Mean Concentration Stimulation Point (MCSP) = 24.18 and 7.82 g, respectively, in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, with ∑k being equivalent to 20 and 6 units for potato to the product, respectively, in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. In contrast, post-emergent application trials, MCSP = 9.87 and 12.10 g, respectively, in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, whereas the ∑k value for potato to the product was 11 and 6 units, respectively in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Increasing concentrations of the phytonematicide significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected the selected nutrient elements. In pre emergent application trials, K (R2  =  0.96) Na (R2  =  0.90) and Zn (R2  =  0.83) each with increasing Nemafric-BG phytonematicide concentrations exhibited positive quadratic fashion, while Fe (R2  =  0.87) exhibited negative quadratic relations in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, K (R2  = 0.99), Na (R2  = 0.90) and Zn (R2 =  0.97) contents each in leaf tissues against the increasing concentrations of the phytonematicide exhibited negative quadratic relations, while Fe (R2  = 0.88) exhibited positive quadratic relations. In post emergent trials, Fe (R2 = 0.91, Na (R2 = 0.90) and Zn (R2 = 0.99) contents in leaf tissues against increasing Nemafric-BG phytonematicide concentration exhibited negative quadratic relations, whereas K (R2 = 0.86) exhibited positive quadratic relation in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, Fe (R2 = 0.93), K (R2 = 0.92), Na ( R2  = 0.79) and Zn (R2 xvi = 0.89) contents in leaf tissues of potato exhibited positive quadratic, respectively. In pre emergent trial for Experiment 1, eggs in roots (R2 = 0.78), J2 in roots (R2 = 0.85), J2 in soil (R2 = 0.97) and Pf (R2 = 0.78) of M. javanica against increasing pre-emergent application concentrations of Nemafric-BG phytonematicide exhibited negative quadratic relations, characterised by DDG patterns. Similar trends were observed on eggs in roots (R2 = 0.82), J2 in roots (R2 = 0.99), J2 in soil (R2 = 0.84) and Pf (R2 = 0.85) in Experiment 2. In contrast, in post-emergent application trial, eggs in roots (R2 = 0.87), J2 in roots (R2 = 0.99), J2 in soil (R2 = 0.91) and Pf (R2 = 0.99) of M. javanica against increasing post emergent application concentrations of Nemafric-BG phytonematicide also exhibited negative quadratic relations in Experiment 1, which ascribed to DDG patterns. Similar trends were also observed on eggs in roots (R2 = 0.72), J2 in roots (R2 = 0.68), J2 in soil (R2 = 0.85) and Pf (R2 = 0.83) in Experiment 2. Results from the study demonstrated that Nemafric-BG phytonematicide stimulated plant growth at lower concentration and the product does not have any detrimental effects in accumulation of nutrient elements in leaf tissues. Therefore, it is concluded, that the product could be applied at the recommended rates of 7.82 and 9.87 g/plant in pre and post-emergent application, respectively, for the management of root-knot nematodes, provided the active ingredient does not accumulate in potato tubers or have any detrimental effects in accumulation of nutrient elements in tubers and temper with nutritional value of potatoes.