Results from experiments with varying levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have shown that the ratios of 1 - 2.5 - 0 to 1 - 3 - 0 produce the highest yields. While the ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus appears important, the water solubility of the phosphorus seems to be the most important factor in proper fertilization. Proper placement of the fertilizer as well as irrigation and other cultural practices are musts in potato production.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-01-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:07:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pulz_al_me_botfca_prot.pdf: 1199797 bytes, checksum: 108dbcbf014a759d8141e4abc0b71441 (MD5) / O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da aplicação de silício na nutrição, tolerância ao déficit hídrico e nas características relacionadas à produtividade da cultura da batata (Solanum Tuberosun L.) cv Bintje. Os tratamentos foram constituídos da combinação da presença e ausência de aplicação de silício (0 e 283 Kg ha-1 de Si), por meio da coreeção do solo com calcário dolomítico e silicato de cálcio e magnésio, e presença e ausência de déficit hídrico (-0,020MPa e -0,050MPa de tensão de água no solo, respectivamente). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, num arranjo fatorial de 2x2, com oito repetições. Cada parcela experimental foi constituída de uma planta de batata cultivada em vaso com 50 litros de solo. O controle da irrigação foi realizado com auxilio de tensiômetros de mercúrio. A presença de maiores quantidade de silício solúvel no solo promoveu uma maior absorção de fósforo pelas plantas e aumento do teor de silício nas folhas e tubérculos. O fornecimento de silício na ose de 283 kg ha-1, mediante a aplicação do corretivo agrosilício como substituto do calcário na cultura da batata, promoveu benefícios à cultura proporcionando redução do acamamento em função de hastes mais eretas, maior altura de plantas, aumento no peso médio dos tubérculos e conseqüente aumento da produção comercial e total. os teores de prolina aumentaram e os de açúcares solúveis totais diminuiram em função da meno disponibilidade hídrica e da maior disponibilidade de silício no solo. O silício promoveu a desroção de fósfor no solo aumentando a quantidade do elemento disponível para as plantas. O corretivo agrosilício utilizado como fonte de silício proporcionou os mesmos níveis de correção e de fornecimento de cálcio e magnésio que o calcário, podendo ser utilizado em substituição do mesmo. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silicon application on potato plant, productivity and resistance to water stress. The treatments was the presence abd absence of silicon combination (0 and 283 kg ha-1 of Si), by liming with calcium carbinate and silicate, and presence and absence of water stress (- 0,020MPa and - 0,50MPa of water tension, respectively). The experimental was a cpmpletely randomized design with 2x2 factorial arrangement and 8 replications. Each experimental plot was consisted of a cultivar Bintje potato palnt (Solanum tuberosum) planted en a 50-liter lot. mercury tensiometers were used for the irrigation control. The presence of higher soluble silicon in the soil increase phosphorus uptake in plants and increase the content of silicon in leaves and tubers. The silicon application of 283 kg ha-1 using silicate provide benefits to the potato crop improving plant architecture by erets stems, increase on plant height, increase tubers weight average and commercial and total yield. the prolina content had increased and the total soluble sugars decresed with the water stress and higher silicon content in the soil. The silicon fertilization provided increase available phosphorus in the soil and uptake by the plants. The agrosilício material could be use as lime because it has the equability to increase Ca and Mg and have approximately same effect on soil pH and base saturation.

Photocopy of typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Seed piece to plant transmission of the potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, occurred with isolates of the clonal lineages US-8 in Oregon and US-11 in Washington in field trials. Average transmission rate across potato cultivars was 0.5 and 2.4% with US-8, and 0.8 and 1.0% with US-11 in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Transmission rate with US-8 was 2.3% for Russet Burbank (RB) in 1999 and 1.7, 0.7, 4.3, 7.6 and 0.5% for Bannock, Bzura, Ranger, Russet Norkotah (RN), and Umatilla, respectively, in 2000. Transmission rate with US-11 in 1999 was 0.5, 4.9 and 1.4% for RB, RN, and Shepody, respectively, and 1.7% for RB in 2000. Seedborne inoculum of both clonal lineages significantly affected stand establishment and plant vigor. With US-8, final emergence, emergence rate, and aerial biomass of cvs Kennebec, RB, RN, and Shepody were significantly lower than Bzura in 1999, whereas in 2000, these same responses in Chieftain, Bannock, Ranger, and Shepody were significantly lower than Bzura, Umatilla and RN. With US-11, these same response variables were significantly lower in Kennebec, RN and Shepody compared to Bzura and RB in 1999, and were significantly lower in Bannock, Chieftain, Ranger and Shepody compared to RB and Umatilla in 2000. Plant growth responses of cvs RB and RN grown from seed pieces infected with US-8 or US-11 were evaluated in greenhouse trials. RN was equally susceptible to both clonal lineages whereas RB was more resistant than RN to seedborne inoculum of US-11. Compared to RN its final emergence was higher, emergence rate was faster, aerial biomass was greater, and seed piece decay was lower. US-8 was more aggressive than US-11 on RB. US-8 caused a greater reduction in final emergence, emergence rate, and aerial biomass, and a greater increase in seed piece decay. The two clonal lineages were similar in their aggressiveness on RN. This is the first report of cultivar*clonal lineage*inoculum density interactions for plant growth responses of potato grown from seed pieces infected with P. infestans. / Graduation date: 2002

Thesis (PhD)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2008. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Barry J. Jacobsen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.) in Biological Sciences--University of Maine, 2001. / Includes vita. Advisory Committee: Eleanor Groden, Assoc. Prof. of Entomology, Advisor; Francis Drummond, Prof. of Insect Ecology; Seanna Annis, Asst. Prof. of Mycology; David Lambert, Assoc. Prof. of Plant Pathology; John D. Vandenberg, Research Entomology, USDA-ARS. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-175).

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As part of a project to see whether potatoes with a low glycemic-index (GI) could be developed through plant breeding, the GI values of 4 new potato varieties differing in starch structure was determined in 3 studies over 2 years in human subjects. Since cooking and cooling affects starch structure the potatoes were studied both freshly cooked (boiled) and cooled. The first study showed that cooling reduced the GI of two varieties by 40-50% but had no effect in the others (treatment × variety interaction, p=0.024), an effect which was confirmed in study 2. Differences in GI were readily explained by differences in starch structure or in-vitro digestion rate. Carbohydrate malabsorption increased from 3 to 5% upon cooling, not enough to account for the reduced GI. It is concluded that the effect on GI of cooling cooked potatoes varies in different varieties. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism.

The response of in vitro-grown Solanum tuberosum L., cvs. Russet Burbank (RB) (salt-sensitive) and Sierra (S) (salt-tolerant) potatoes was investigated when [NaCl] was increased from 0 to 80 mM in the presence of 6, 20, and 30 mM [K] in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The tested growth parameters, Mg and Ca content, and K+/Na + ratios in the laminae and the roots were negatively affected as [NaCl] increased. The salt stress was relatively severe on growth of RB plants whereas the salt-tolerant (S) variety was affected to a lesser extent. There were indications that Na in the plant may promote Na translocation. In both cultivars, 22Na was not distributed equally in all plant parts; the lower lamina accumulated the highest amount (216 and 183 DPM mg -1 FW) followed by stem (197 and 182), petioles (187 and 168), and the upper lamina (149 and 121) for RB and S, respectively. / The salt resistance of S is associated not only with a superior capacity to accumulate high Na+ in the roots for osmotic adjustment, but also with resistance to Na movement to the shoot. / The effect of [K] on plant growth showed two main characteristics. In non-saline media, increasing [K] enhanced growth of S, while RB showed optimum growth when the normal (20 mM) level was present in the MS medium. In saline media, elevating [K] alleviated the growth reduction of RB at low salinity, and S at both low and high salinity. This ameliorative effect of K may be attributed to the suppression of both Na+ uptake, and Na + translocation in the plant.

As part of a project to see whether potatoes with a low glycemic-index (GI) could be developed through plant breeding, the GI values of 4 new potato varieties differing in starch structure was determined in 3 studies over 2 years in human subjects. Since cooking and cooling affects starch structure the potatoes were studied both freshly cooked (boiled) and cooled. The first study showed that cooling reduced the GI of two varieties by 40-50% but had no effect in the others (treatment × variety interaction, p=0.024), an effect which was confirmed in study 2. Differences in GI were readily explained by differences in starch structure or in-vitro digestion rate. Carbohydrate malabsorption increased from 3 to 5% upon cooling, not enough to account for the reduced GI. It is concluded that the effect on GI of cooling cooked potatoes varies in different varieties. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism.