This diploma thesis is focused on the surface hardening of cast irons with spheroidal graphite. The work describes a theoretical analysis of the structure and properties of cast irons and individual methods suitable for surface hardening. The practical part describes the production of cast iron castings with spheroidal graphite, on which the surface hardening is performed, tensile test, hardening of produced castings by induction and laser surface hardening, preparation of samples for measuring microhardness and metallographic analysis of metal structures.

Title: Effect of surface electrode type on quality of decomposition of surface EMG signal Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of surface electrode type, which was used for EMG record, on the quality of decomposition of surface EMG signal using decomposition software EMGlab. Methods: The form of the thesis is an experimental essay. It was detected an EMG signal from one healthy volunteer during mild cyclic contraction. It was used three different types of electrodes (standard surface electrode, tetrode, tetrode with saw-off spikes) for EMG signal detection. These signals were decomposed in program EMGlab. The results were processed in program MS Excel, compared with each other and graphically displayed. Results: The measurement verified a hypothesis which claimed that the used type of electrode affects the quality of automatic decomposition. The best results of automatic decomposition provide the signal gained from the standard surface electrode. Key words: action potential, decomposition, surface electrodes, EMG signal, tetrode, electromyography

This master thesis deals with the methods of measurement of singlet oxygen steady state concentrations in surface water and the factors affecting this concentration. The first part of this work shows theoretical background and an introduction to photochemistry of surface water with respect to the reactive oxygen species. The second part describes the methodology of conducted experiments and discuss its results with respect to current literature.

Thermodynamic analysis of processes in electrolytic fuel cell membrane Michal Pavelka April 12, 2012 Abstract Hydrogen fuel cells1 may become a key technology of 21st century, and it is important to be able to describe their behavior, therefore. In this work we focus on hydrogen fuel cells with a polymer-electrolyte membrane. For the membrane we adopt an existing model2 . We for- mulate the model in the framework of the mixture theory which we develop similarly as has been done in the classical textbook of Mazur and de Groot3 . However, refining the concept of potential energy of a material point, we introduce new terms called internal potential ener- gies which enable us to describe macroscopic consequences of internal forces between water and polymer in the membrane and to describe the influence of gradient of surface tension of water in the membrane. We solve the model in 1D approximation. Consequently, we calculate the influence processes in the membrane have on efficiency of the fuel cell. 1 see for example Larminie, J. and A. Dicks. Fuel Cell Systems Explained. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2003. ISBN 0-470-84857-X. 2 Weber, A. Z. and J. Newman. Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes I, II, III. J. Electrochem. Soc., 150 (7), A1008-A1015, 2003; 151 (2), A1311-A1325, 2004.; 151 (2), A1326-A1339,...

Title: Optimization of properties of Ti based alloys for biomedical and structural applications Author: Josef Stráský Department / Institute: Department of Physics of Materials Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Assoc. Prof. Miloš Janeček, Ph.D. Abstract: Titanium alloys belong to the mostly used biomaterials for orthopaedic implants. Advanced surface treatments of Ti alloys for orthopaedic use and newly developed biomedical beta-Ti alloys are investigated in this thesis. Wide spectrum of experimental techniques was employed in order to correlate material processing, microstructure and mechanical properties. Electric discharge machining was used as a biocompatibility enhancing surface treatment of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but the treated material suffered from the poor fatigue performance. Two subsequent surface treatments - chemical etching and shot- peening - were proposed and it was shown that their combination significantly improves the fatigue performance of the material making it applicable in orthopaedics. This process was patented in the Czech Republic. The thesis further reviews complex problematic of biocompatible beta-Ti alloys. Several new biocompatible beta-Ti alloys were designed on the basis of Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta quaternary alloy. The effect of Fe, Si and O additions on microstructure, elastic modulus and...

The aim of this study was to detect surface temperature changes in the České Budějovice during last 30 years. The aim was also to asses the influence of vegetation on the surface temperature. The study is based on the thermal data acquired by the Landsat TM 4 and 5 and the study site was in the České Budějovice and surroundings.

The aim of this thesis is to find out using a method based on the size of the contact angle as changes over time surface free energy density polyethylene. Measured samples of discharges were adjusted by varying plasma and increased its surface tension. The theoretical part deals with the surface tension, contact angle and the Young's equation, which describes the relationship between wetting angle and energy at the interface states of matter. This work also mentions the ways in which the measurement is made. In the practical part of the thesis there is described not only the process of measuring, but also the own experiments and their results.

The work deals with the summarization of knowledge concerning issues of fiber cement. There are characterized feedstock, production technologies, properties and surface finish corrugated fiber covering. Furthermore, the paper describes the normative requirements for Corrugated Sheets, affecting the quality of manufactured roofing. In the practical part of the thesis were sampled corrugated sheets, which have been investigated possible influences affecting the quality of the surface finish. Was also solved the issue of insufficient adhesion of acrylic paint on selected plates in the factory CEMBRIT a.s. in Šumperk.

The diploma thesis is focused on the distribution and role of UV reflectant patterns in beetles (Coleoptera) with focus on the family Scarabaeidae. Through a survey of European museum collections, we discovered over 900 species of UV reflectant beetles, of which 850 species were identified as UV reflectant for the first time. The surface structures responsible for UV reflectant patterns in beetles were studied in detail using a scanning electron microscope. We have identified two ways how the UV reflectant patterns occur. The first way: the light rays interact with the internal structure of the cuticular formations or the cuticle itself; the second way: the light rays interact with the surface layer formed by cuticular secretion. Additionally we carried out experiments with live animals, where we investigated the effect of an individual's age on the intensity of UV reflectant patterns and the effect of UV reflectance on reproductive activity. In a pilot study we were able to show that freshly hatched individuals show a higher level of UV reflectance than older individuals.

The presented diploma thesis is focused on finding conditions suitable for the study of surface reactions, especially Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction (SMCR), by the surface- enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method. The first part of the work deals with the optimization of the conditions of individual reactions using the classical synthetic Schlenk technique. Traditional, published, conditions for SMCR were gradually modified during the work so that the reactions could be performed in aqueous media and at room temperature, i.e., under conditions suitable for SERS spectroscopy. The following catalysts were tested: (i) PEPPSI - the traditional SMCR catalyst; (ii) palladium ions; (iii) Pd colloids; (iv) bimetallic colloids of Pd and plasmonic metal (Ag, Au) in the form of core-shell and alloy; (v) Ag and Au colloids with additions of palladium salt or N- heterocyclic carbenes (NHC-catalysts). Two groups of substrates were used: substrates with functional groups with high affinity for the surfaces of metal nanoparticles (NPs) and substrates without these anchoring functional groups. Substrates without the anchoring functional groups can be expected to enter the SMCR reaction from solution. In the second part of this diploma thesis selected reaction mixtures for SMCR were performed in septum...