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Development of a Closed-Loop, Implantable Electroceutical Device for GlaucomaJay V Shah (11197311) 28 July 2021 (has links)
<p>Glaucoma is the leading cause of
irreversible blindness worldwide. While current therapies aim to lower elevated
intraocular pressure (IOP) to prevent blindness, they often do not provide the
desired long-term efficacy, can fail over time, and have systemic side effects.
Electroceutical stimulation can be a solution to many of these current issues
with glaucoma treatment, as it is believed to have fewer systemic side effects
and quicker response times. The goal of this work is to develop and demonstrate
a novel system using electrical stimulation to lower intraocular pressure. I
present data from a human clinical study and an ongoing clinical trial of the
IOPTx™ system, a wearable electroceutical for treating glaucoma, that provides
preliminary evidence of efficacy and safety. <a>Furthermore,
no current glaucoma treatments allow for closed-loop, continuous monitoring of
IOP, requiring more frequent doctor visits or forcing patients and clinicians
to operate in the dark. Using an electroceutical therapeutic device with
closed-loop feedback and continuous IOP recording can improve glaucoma
management. I combined a pressure sensor with this electroceutical therapy,
implanted the sensor and stimulation coils in rabbits, and stimulated the eyes.
However, to better understand the optimal stimulation parameters, long-term
effects, and mechanisms of action, an integrated circuit is designed as part of
a fully implantable, closed-loop device. The chip was fabricated in 0.18 </a>µm
CMOS process and validated on the benchtop and <i>in vivo</i>. In the future, this electroceutical device has the
potential to be a novel treatment for patients suffering from glaucoma.</p>
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Localisation et suivi d'humains et d'objets, et contrôle de robots au travers d'un sol sensible / Spatial computing for ambient intelligence, sensing and services of load-sensing floorsAndries, Mihai 15 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse explore les capacités d’une intelligence ambiante équipée d’un réseau de capteurs de pression au sol. Elle traite le problème de la perception d’un environnement au travers un réseau de capteurs de basse résolution. Les difficultés incluent l’interpretation des poids dispersés pour des objets avec multiples supports, l’ambiguïté de poids entre des objets, la variation du poids des personnes pendant les activités dynamiques, etc. Nous introduisons des nouvelles techniques, partiellement inspirées du domaine de la vision par l’ordinateur, pour la détection, le suivi et la reconnaissance des entités qui se trouvent sur le sol. Nous introduisons également des nouveaux modes d’interaction entre les environnements équipés de tels capteurs aux sols, et les robots qui évoluent dans ces environnements. Ceci permet l’interprétation non-intrusive des événements qui ont lieu dans des environnements dotés d’une intelligence ambiante, avec des applications dans l’assistance automatisée à domicile, l’aide aux personnes âgées, le diagnostic continu de la santé, la sécurité, et la navigation robotique / This thesis explores the capabilities of an ambient intelligence equipped with a load-sensing floor. It deals with the problem of perceiving the environment through a network of low-resolution sensors. Challenges include the interpretation of spread loads for objects with multiple points of support, weight ambiguities between objects, variation of persons’ weight during dynamic activities, etc. We introduce new techniques, partly inspired from the field of computer vision, for detecting, tracking and recognizing the entities located on the floor. We also introduce new modes of interaction between environments equipped with such floor sensors and robots evolving inside them. This enables non-intrusive interpretation of events happening inside environments with embedded ambient intelligence, with applications in assisted living, senile care, continuous health diagnosis, home security, and robotic navigation
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