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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

物價目標區下的政策穩定性

周玉梅 Unknown Date (has links)
本文係以Sutherland (1995)的模型為基礎,放寬資本完全移動的特殊假定,引進總合供給面的隨機性干擾,據以探討名目工資僵固、實質工資僵固及充分就業三種情況下,當經濟體系遭逢來自於貨幣需求面、商品需求面乃至於總合供給面外生隨機性干擾的衝擊之際,以本國物價水準穩定為政策目標的央行,於採行物價目標區政策後,對各總體變數的穩定效果為何。 由本文的討論中,我們可以獲得以下幾點結論: 1、於名目工資僵固的情況下,當經濟體系所面臨的隨機性干擾來自於貨幣需求面或商品需求面,則產出與物價二者間呈現完全正相關;當經濟體系所面臨的隨機性干擾來自於總合供給面,則產出與物價呈現負相關。 2、就Keynes學派的說法,若名目工資不再具有僵固性,而可隨著物價自由調整(即實質工資僵固),則總合供給曲線會呈一垂直線,產出固定在一水準下。此時產出雖未達充分就業下的產出水準,但其所分析出的結果卻會與充分就業下所分析出的結果相一致。 3、在實質工資僵固或是經濟體系已達充分就業的情況下,產出僅為外生隨機干擾項的線性函數。因而,央行在採行物價目標區後,並不需要以產出的減少作為代價,亦即物價與產出間不再具有抵換關係。 4、當經濟體系面臨來自貨幣需求面的隨機性干擾時,在名目工資僵固的情況下,物價、產出及匯率皆具有蜜月效果,而利率不具有蜜月效果;在實質工資僵固及充分就業的情況下,物價及匯率具有蜜月效果,而利率亦不具有蜜月效果。 5、當經濟體系面臨來自商品需求面的隨機性干擾時,在名目工資僵固的情況下,物價、產出及利率皆具有蜜月效果,而匯率不具有蜜月效果;在實質工資僵固的情況下,物價具有蜜月效果,而物價所減少的變異,則由匯率或利率所吸收(意指若匯率有蜜月效果,則利率即不具有蜜月效果;或反之);在充分就業的情況下,物價及利率具有蜜月效果,而匯率不具有蜜月效果。 6、當經濟體系面臨來自總合供給面的隨機性干擾時,在名目工資僵固的情況下,僅物價具有蜜月效果,產出不具有蜜月效果,而匯率及利率是否具有蜜月效果則視資本移動程度大小而定,當資本移動程度愈大時,匯率及利率愈不易具有蜜月效果;在實質工資僵固及充分就業的情況下,所得到的結論與名目工資僵固的情況下相一致,只是減少了對產出水準的探討。
2

股價目標區政策與經濟穩定性:聯立隨機微分方程式體系之應用 / Stock Price Target Zone Regime and Economic Stability: An Application of Simultaneous Stochastic Differential Equation System

金俌均, Kim, Bo Gyun Unknown Date (has links)
This paper studies the endogenous evolution of investment behaviour under the various macroeconomic circumstances, which might be relatively constructed by free-float, fixed and target zone regimes as the economic stability policy. It applies the issues of stock price target zone policy to a simultaneous stochastic differential equation system. We construct the stochastic macro model which utilized the basic conception of Dornbusch [1976] with the different price adjustment mechanism. In addition, we intend to apply the topological method which used by Miller and Weller [1991] to analyze the general economic property from the non-recursive model. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss how the public’s expectation affects the dynamic loci of commodity and stock price when the public agents have the perfect or imperfect credibility. We utilize this model to investigate whether stock price target zone regime will have honeymoon effect or not, when the government announce to execute the stock price target zone policy in the various situations. Moreover, we discuss whether stock price target zone can simultaneously stabilize other variables in the different situations.
3

物價目標區政策有效性之理論與圖形分析

黃嘉貞, Chia Chen Huang Unknown Date (has links)
本文藉由圖形分析法來探討在新興古典學派、凱因斯學派、實質景氣循環學派以及古典學派四種不同總體隨機模型的觀點下,當經濟體系面臨總合供給面與總合需求面外生衝擊時,貨幣當局是否能藉由物價目標區政策的實施,達成穩定經濟體系的目標?另外,也透過數學分析法引入隨機過程轉換的技巧,採用Itô’s Lemma來求解模型中的預期變數,得到各內生變數之一般解(General Solution)。由於所得之物價、產出與利率方程式中皆包含複雜的雙曲線三角函數(Hyperbolic Function)之非線性項,無法直接從方程式中明顯看出各內生變數在目標區內的走勢,所以我們進行數值模擬,藉由明確的數值變化來為我們的分析作驗證。

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