The thesis deals with an acting on behalf of legal entity. Its aim is not to produce a comprehensive elaboration on the subject matter but to focus on judicial decisions of the higher courts with an effort to fill in gaps in legislation and to clarify dubious parts of the legal text. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic institutes used in the thesis such as management of the company, acting on behalf of legal entity and decision-making. Chapter Two examines an acting on behalf of the corporation by its corporate agent, a set manner of acting, its limitation and consequences of a concurrence of the agents. The chapter briefly mentions an acting in the name of a company before its incorporation and some aspects of powers of a proctor. Chapter Three concentrates on a representation of a legal entity with focus on a substantive representation. In its beginning, there is a brief characterization of a statutory representation and a representation under the power of attorney. Subsequently, the chapter describes individual types of representation by - a chief executive of the structural unit of the legal entity (s. 13/3 of the Commercial Code), a person authorized to certain conduct (s. 15), other person currently present in business premises (s. 16). Finally, it deals with a representation under the power...

In the construction of highways, airports, and other structures, the compaction of soils is needed to improve its strength. In 1933 Proctor developed a laboratory compaction test to determine the maximum dry density of compacted soils, which can be used for specifications of field compaction. The Compaction of soils is influenced by many factors, the most common are the moisture content, the soil type and the applied compaction energy. The objective of this research is the analysis of the maximum dry density values based on the soil classification and characterization. The method of choice in the determination of the maximum dry density from different soils was the Standard Proctor Test following the procedure for the standard Proctor test as is explained in ASTM Test Designation D-698. From this investigation, the maximum dry density of eight types of sands was obtained, the sands were classified by using the Unified Soil Classification System. The influence on the maximum dry density of the type of sands, type of fines, amount of fines and distribution of the grain size was determined, followed by a sensitivity analysis that measured the influence of these parameters on the obtained maximum dry density. The research revealed some correlations between the maximum dry density of soils with the type of fines, the fines content and the Uniformity Coefficient. These correlations were measured and some particular behavioral trends were encountered and analyzed. It was found that well-graded sands have higher maximum dry density than poorly graded when the soils have the same fines content, also it was encountered that plastic fines tend to increase the maximum dry density.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-10-14T13:21:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Uilka Elisa Tavares.pdf: 1803918 bytes, checksum: 380b8dbceae5654d3c33c4bdc07364fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T13:21:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Uilka Elisa Tavares.pdf: 1803918 bytes, checksum: 380b8dbceae5654d3c33c4bdc07364fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In agriculture there is now great concern about the quality of the soil, because of this interfere with the full flowering of the cultures, where compaction is one of the most investigated due to their probability of occurrence in soils managed with farm implements. For this study, some parameters have provided good precision of soil quality, among them, the physical indices, organic carbon, soil mechanical resistance to penetration, tension precompaction and compressibility index. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, mechanical and chemical properties to indicate soil compaction and structure of spatial dependence into the area. It was selected an area of Cohesive Argissolo from Tabuleiro Costeiro, cultivated with cane sugar, from about 1.44 ha was established in which a square mesh of 49 points, evenly spaced 20 m apart, for the removal of soil for analysis. Samples were collected at two depths: 0.00 to 0.20 I 0.20 to 0.40 m. It was analyzed the soil texture, bulk density, water content, porosity, moisture content and maximum dry bulk density, both obtained by the Proctor Normal test, degree of compaction, organic carbon, resistance to penetration, compress index and tension precompaction, obeying Embrapa's or ABNT’s methodology for the analysis. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson correlation. Was also investigated the spatial dependence of variables by geostatistical tool, obtaining semivariogram and the maps of distribution of variables. Spatial dependence was found in all variables, whose scope ranged from 20.25 to 90 m away, indicating that some variables can be collected at longer distances, in case future research in the area. The moisture and soil texture showed a good correlation among themselves and with other variables. The document is divided into three chapters: the first presents a review of scientific research concerning the areas of Tabuleiros Costeiros, its characteristics and problems that this type of soil may suffer due to bad management, its consequences and methods of identification soil degradation. In chapter 2, was investigated the occurrence of spatial dependence of soil physical properties and organic carbon present in its structure. In chapter 3, the susceptibility of soil compaction was investigated using mechanical and physical attributes and subsequent correlation between data. / Na agricultura atual existe grande preocupação com a qualidade do solo, em virtude desta interferir no pleno desenvolvimento das culturas, onde a compactação é um dos fatores mais investigados devido a sua grande probabilidade de ocorrência em solos manejados com implementos agrícolas. Para esta investigação, alguns parâmetros têm proporcionado boa precisão da qualidade do solo, entre eles, pode-se estacar os índices físicos, o carbono orgânico do solo, a resistência mecânica do solo a penetração, a tensão de pré-compactação e o índice de compressibilidade. Desta forma, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar parâmetros físicos, mecânicos e químicos que indicassem provável compactação do solo e sua estrutura de dependência espacial ao longo da área. Foi selecionada uma área de Argissolo Coeso de Tabuleiro Costeiro, cultivada com cana-de-açúcar, de aproximadamente 1,44 ha na qual foi estabelecida uma malha quadrada de 49 pontos, eqüidistantes 20 m entre si, para a retirada de solo para analise. Foram coletadas amostras em duas profundidades: 0,00 – 0,20 m e 0,20 – 0,40 m. Foram analisadas a textural do solo, densidade, umidade, porosidade, densidade seca máxima e umidade critica, ambas obtidas pelo ensaio de Proctor Normal, grau de compactação, carbono orgânico, Resistência a penetração, índice de compressão e tensão de pré-compactação, obedecendo-se a metodologia da Embrapa ou ABNT para as analises citadas. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística descritiva e correlação de Pearson. Também, investigou-se a dependência espacial das variáveis, através da ferramenta geoestatistica, com obtenção de semivariograma e os mapas de distribuição das variáveis. Foi encontrada dependência espacial em todas as variáveis, cujos alcances variaram de 20,25 a 90 m de distancia, indicando que algumas variáveis podem ser coletadas em maiores distâncias, no caso de pesquisas futuras na mesma área. A umidade e a textura do solo apresentaram boa correlação entre si e com as demais variáveis. O documento está estruturado em 3 capítulos: no primeiro, apresenta-se uma revisão das pesquisas científicas referentes às áreas de Tabuleiros Costeiros, suas características, bem como problemas que este tipo de solo pode sofrer devido ao mau manejo, suas conseqüências e métodos identificação da degradação do solo. No Capítulo 2, foi investigada a ocorrência de dependência espacial de atributos físicos do solo e do carbono orgânico presente em sua estrutura. No Capitulo 3, a susceptibilidade do solo a compactação foi investigada através de seus atributos físicos e mecânicos e posterior correlação entre os dados.

The master thesis deals with the possibilities of using waste aggregate from main rock production to hydraulically bound mixtures, witch are used in base and sub base pavement. The theoretical part describes conditions and properties of bound mixtures, aggregates and cement. The practical part describes the process of design, mixture preparing and laboratory test carried out on them. The bound mixtures are testing in compressive strength, frost and water resistace and resilient modulus.

The works deals with the possibilities of using non-standard fraction of fine crushed aggregate in route base layers. Goal of my thesis is research of using material from specific location. Theoretical part summarizes basic knowledge regarding bound mixtures and their normative requirements. Practical part of my thesis describes my various mixture design and following testing and determination of design properties by official and experimental tests. The conclusion summarizes the researched outputs and findings, which confirm the future possibilities of using this material in base layers.

The work deals with the possibilities of using fine crushed and quarried aggregate to base layers of roads. The introduction of the theoretical part explains the origin of this type of aggregate. There are also described the tests, which were used to verify the attributes and features of these mixtures and their use in cemented base layers of roads. In a brief way, the work also deals with foreign research and the possibilities that arise from it. In the practical part is then described the process of mixture preparing and laboratory tests carried out on them, the production of test specimens, load tests of these specimens and interpretation of the results. The conclusion summarizes the findings. Here are also discussed ways to apply them in practice.

Orientador: Luiz Roberto Cottas / Banca: Marilia Locatelli / Banca: Evaristo Castro Junior / Banca: Juércio Tavares de Mattos / Banca: Jairo Roberto Jiménez Rueda / Resumo: O histórico das modificações do uso da terra em Rondônia, e mais especificamente no município de Porto Velho, mostra transformações de grandes áreas de florestas em pastagens com rápida degradação de seus solos. A criação extensiva de gado de corte é a principal causa da ocupação e uso das terras no Estado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradação ambiental associada à compactação dos solos por pisoteio animal. Foram considerados solos em pastagens degradadas, com vinte anos de pastejo, e florestas naturais em manchas contínuas de um Latossolo Amarelo Distrófico (LAd) e um Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo Distrófico plíntico (PVAd). A avaliação da densidade máxima e umidade ideal, obtida pelo Ensaio de Proctor, bem como observações referentes às diferenças da densidade aparente e a umidade dos solos, em seus limites inferior e superior de água disponível, registraram valores de compactação acima de 2,5 MPa indicando um nível prejudicial ao desenvolvimento radicular de algumas espécies. A resistência mecânica à penetração nas duas classes de solos ocorreu entre 0 - 10 cm com aumento entre 11 - 20 cm de profundidade, sendo que o Latossolo mostrou-se mais compactado em ambiente de pastagem que o Argissolo. As taxas de infiltração básica nas áreas de pastagens e de florestas evidenciaram diferenças entre os ambientes e seus solos, com reduções da infiltração básica nas áreas de pastagens do Latossolo. Influências antrópicas próximas das áreas de pastagens apresentaram-se como fatores associados na distribuição dos altos índices de compactação detectados. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram de forma satisfatória os índices mais e menos significativos de caráter físico e químico da fertilidade para as áreas de pastagens e comparativamente as de floresta, permitindo detectar as áreas mais compactadas e suas relações aos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The history of land use changes in Rondônia, and more specifically the city of Porto Velho, shows transformations of large forest areas into pastures with rapid soils degradation. The extensive beef cattle creation is the main cause of the occupation and land use in the state. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental degradation associated with soil compaction by cattle trampling. It was considered soils in degraded pastures, with twenty years of grazing, and natural forest patches in a continuous Oxisol Distrophic (LAd) and a Ultisol (Red Yellow Distrophic Plinthic - PVAd). The maximum density and optimum moisture content evaluation obtained by the Proctor test and observations relating to differences in bulk density and soil moisture on its lower and upper limits of available water, recorded values of compaction above 2.5 MPa indicating a detrimental level to root development for some species. The mechanical resistance to penetration in the two soil classes occurred between 0 to 10 cm with an increase between 11 to 20 cm deep, and the Oxisol was more compressed in a pasture environment than in the Ultisol. The basic infiltration rates in pasture areas and forests showed differences between environments and soils, with reductions of basic infiltration in Oxisol pasture areas. Anthropogenic influences near pasture areas were factors associated in the distribution of high compaction indexes detected. The obtained results showed as satisfactory manner the most and least significant indexes for physical and chemical nature of fertility in pasture areas compared to forest, allowing to detect the most compressed areas and their relationship to physical and chemical parameters considered in this study. / Doutor

This diploma thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The is a review om the topic of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete and their possible use in road construction in the theoretical part. The individual chapters deal with describing these materials, their production, and their use in construction layers of pavements. In the next chapters the attention is also paid to their problematic features and foreign experience using these materials in pavements. In the practical part, laboratory samples of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete and their mixtures with cement are tested. The main purpose is to verify the applications of these mixtures of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled concrete in the bonded base layers of the pavement. Another purpose is to compare how these mixtures individual properties with different proportions of both components and different amounts of cement will be different. In the end, the two mixtures with the best properties was selected and the modulus of elasticity was experimentally determined for the possibility of replacing the currently used base layers and the economic evaluation of this design was made.

The work deals with the use of mixed construction recycled material for earth bodies of roads. The theoretical part describes the production, usability and economic evaluation of recycled building materials against common natural materials. It then describes the necessary laboratory tests that examine its properties for the use of these materials in roads. In the last chapter, the work deals with foreign experience with the use of mixed construction recyclates for transport construction. The practical part examines the properties of the given recyclates for their use in the core using tests of soil freezing rate, California bearing ratio and immediate bearing index.

The theoretical part of the diploma thesis searches the production of Construction and demolition waste and their subsequent transformation into the final recyclate and its possible use in roads. Attention is focused on the use of mixed recycled material into subgrade of the pavement and the characteristics of tests that must be performed before its used to the road. The next chapters pai attention to the problematic properties of recyclates, foreign experience with the use of mixed recyclate in Construction and the possibilities of its development. The practical part verifies the suitability of mixed recycled material into subgrade of the pavement using laboratory tests. The tests are performer on individual mixtures of mixed recycled material with cement, blast furnace slag or cement dust in various percentages. The results are then compared and it is evaluated which mixtures show the best properties. Part of the practical part is also the economic evaluation of these mixtures against commonly used materials.