Le but de cette thèse fut de comprendre l’apprentissage de formateurs d’entraîneurs et d’entraîneurs dans le Programme national de certification des entraîneurs. Deux études furent réalisées. La première porte sur l’apprentissage de cinq formateurs au moment d’être formé et en présentant des ateliers à des entraîneurs. La deuxième examine l’apprentissage de onze entraîneurs dans des ateliers. Les données furent collectées à partir de séances d’observation non participante et d’entretiens semi-structurés multiples. Elles furent analysées à partir de la théorie de l’apprentissage humain (Jarvis, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) et la théorie de Moon (2001) sur l’apprentissage dans les ateliers de courte durée. Les résultats révélèrent qu’apprendre peut être un processus cognitif, émotif et/ou pratique. Les formateurs apprirent autant en présentant les ateliers à des entraîneurs qu’au moment d’être formé. Les entraîneurs validèrent leur pratique, la modifièrent ou éprouvèrent de l’inconfort à la modifier. Des suggestions furent proposées aux responsables du programme.

Le but de cette thèse fut de comprendre l’apprentissage de formateurs d’entraîneurs et d’entraîneurs dans le Programme national de certification des entraîneurs. Deux études furent réalisées. La première porte sur l’apprentissage de cinq formateurs au moment d’être formé et en présentant des ateliers à des entraîneurs. La deuxième examine l’apprentissage de onze entraîneurs dans des ateliers. Les données furent collectées à partir de séances d’observation non participante et d’entretiens semi-structurés multiples. Elles furent analysées à partir de la théorie de l’apprentissage humain (Jarvis, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) et la théorie de Moon (2001) sur l’apprentissage dans les ateliers de courte durée. Les résultats révélèrent qu’apprendre peut être un processus cognitif, émotif et/ou pratique. Les formateurs apprirent autant en présentant les ateliers à des entraîneurs qu’au moment d’être formé. Les entraîneurs validèrent leur pratique, la modifièrent ou éprouvèrent de l’inconfort à la modifier. Des suggestions furent proposées aux responsables du programme.

Le but de cette thèse fut de comprendre l’apprentissage de formateurs d’entraîneurs et d’entraîneurs dans le Programme national de certification des entraîneurs. Deux études furent réalisées. La première porte sur l’apprentissage de cinq formateurs au moment d’être formé et en présentant des ateliers à des entraîneurs. La deuxième examine l’apprentissage de onze entraîneurs dans des ateliers. Les données furent collectées à partir de séances d’observation non participante et d’entretiens semi-structurés multiples. Elles furent analysées à partir de la théorie de l’apprentissage humain (Jarvis, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) et la théorie de Moon (2001) sur l’apprentissage dans les ateliers de courte durée. Les résultats révélèrent qu’apprendre peut être un processus cognitif, émotif et/ou pratique. Les formateurs apprirent autant en présentant les ateliers à des entraîneurs qu’au moment d’être formé. Les entraîneurs validèrent leur pratique, la modifièrent ou éprouvèrent de l’inconfort à la modifier. Des suggestions furent proposées aux responsables du programme.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The past decade has seen a growth in Physiotherapy schools offering postgraduate programmes in South Africa. The Republic of South Africa assists other African countries like Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia in upgrading the education of diploma-trained physiotherapists (DTPs) to Bacherlor of Science (Honours) (BSc (Hons) and Master's Degrees respectively. The three institutions offering Physiotherapy training in Cape Town make it the largest training locality for Physiotherapy in South Africa. The University of Cape Town (UCT), University of the Western Cape (UWC) and Stellenbosch University are situated within a twenty kilometre radius from each other. These schools have taken a leading role in the postgraduate training of their own PTs, and those from other developing countries. In 2007, for example, about 20% of postgraduate students in Cape Town Physiotherapy schools were from other African countries. The Department of Physiotherapy at UWC in particular has been upgrading DTPs from other African countries to BSc (Hons) and Master's degrees for the last twenty years. However, compared to the wealth of educational literature on other healthcare professions, literature on the evaluation of postgraduate Physiotherapy programmes is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and impact of the UWC postgraduate Physiotherapy BSc (Hons) and Master's programme on clinical practice and research in East and Southern Africa. The dissertation used an explorative and descriptive theory-based evaluation approach using qualitative research methodology. The steps involved in the research process determined the choice and use of the qualitative methodology. The use of qualitative methods was undertaken to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. The study had three main phases. Initially, administrative document reviews and in-depth interviews with UWC postgraduate Master's programme designers (PDs) were conducted to help develop and test the programme theory and measuring instruments (interview guides). Secondly, postgraduates were interviewed to establish and test the implementation process theory, as well as investigate perceived programme outcomes. Then focus group discussions with postgraduate students of UWC, and individual interviews with workplace supervisors of the UWC postgraduates were undertaken to investigate the perceived outcomes and impact of the UWC Master's programme. A variety of methods appropriate for the different steps or stages of the programme were employed, to ensure this evaluation exercise becomes an integrated function in which data are continuously collected and used for decision-making and programme improvement. Multiple types of data were collected to inform each phase. The researcher used purposive sampling technique to constitute the sample. The sampling technique yielded three official documents, three (3) PDs and two (2) implementers, 27 UWC postgraduates, seven (7) workplace supervisors and 30 students of UWC postgraduates. Data was collected via document analyses, in-depth interviews, telephonic in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data analysis occurred concurrently with data collection. Atlas Ti software version 10 was used to assist with data management. The UWC postgraduates reported acquiring knowledge of manual therapy, better management of musculo-skeletal conditions and enhanced clinical reasoning. Participants also reported career growth, pursuit of higher degrees such as PhDs, promotions, job changes from physiotherapy clinicians to educators, involvement in research and the introduction of BSc programmes in their respective countries. The current study demonstrates that the primary objective of the UWC BSc (Hons) and Master's programmes such as increasing access to physiotherapy training in Africa and empowering DTPs with research skills and knowledge of community-based rehabilitation was being realised. However, many postgraduate participants in all countries emphasised the need to include basic sciences, clinical practice and specialisation in the UWC BSc (Hons) and Master's programmes respectively. Furthermore, the participants reported that the programmes did not have much impact on management of conditions other than musculo-skeletal. On the other hand, the employers that participated in the current study identified that the UWC programmes had a positive impact on Physiotherapy education in their respective countries, producing a total of five Physiotherapy degree programmes between the year 2000 and 2014. Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia reported introducing two, one, one and two BSc Physiotherapy programmes respectively. The study also revealed moderate research activity among UWC postgraduates, a challenge most employers attributed to institutional research agendas, high patient work-load and personal strengths of postgraduate students. The students of UWC graduates who participated in the current study reported acquiring new assessment skills for musculo-skeletal conditions, enhanced treatment techniques for musculoskeletal conditions and use of evidence to guide their clinical practice. The participants also reported reduced hospital visits among patients with musculo-skeletal conditions and relatively short treatment durations. However, in all universities but one, students indicated that most lecturers had difficulty applying basic sciences during lectures. The participants also reported a lack of specialist lecturers in areas other than musculo-skeletal. This thesis focused on evaluation of the outcomes and impact of postgraduate BSc (Hons) and Master's programmes in Physiotherapy for DTPs in SADC and East Africa. While the thesis has highlighted many achievements, it has also identified training needs of DTPs that require attention. First, we recommend that the curriculum be reviewed to incorporate clinical practice and more theoretical content in the BSc (Hons) programme and that the UWC special BSc (Hons) programme be considered an RPL project to ensure the visible (documented) and nonvisible (undocumented) knowledge claimed by applicants are subjected to a form of assessment through the UWC RPL process, thus enabling the university to identify the knowledge gap that requires bridging among DTPs seeking admission to the degree programme. Second, we recommend a review of the Master's degree by coursework programme to include more theoretical and clinical practice components that would allow for specialisation. / National Research Foundation (NRF)

Le but de cette thèse fut de comprendre l’apprentissage de formateurs d’entraîneurs et d’entraîneurs dans le Programme national de certification des entraîneurs. Deux études furent réalisées. La première porte sur l’apprentissage de cinq formateurs au moment d’être formé et en présentant des ateliers à des entraîneurs. La deuxième examine l’apprentissage de onze entraîneurs dans des ateliers. Les données furent collectées à partir de séances d’observation non participante et d’entretiens semi-structurés multiples. Elles furent analysées à partir de la théorie de l’apprentissage humain (Jarvis, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) et la théorie de Moon (2001) sur l’apprentissage dans les ateliers de courte durée. Les résultats révélèrent qu’apprendre peut être un processus cognitif, émotif et/ou pratique. Les formateurs apprirent autant en présentant les ateliers à des entraîneurs qu’au moment d’être formé. Les entraîneurs validèrent leur pratique, la modifièrent ou éprouvèrent de l’inconfort à la modifier. Des suggestions furent proposées aux responsables du programme.

M.Ed. / A concern with regard to the apparent drop in achievement levels in the area of literacy and the implementation of the Teaching Handwriting Spelling and Spelling Skills (THRASS) programme, introduced as part of the strategy to address the problem, prompted this research. A qualitative case study was undertaken in order to determine 1. The experiences of the Foundation Phase teachers from Grade 1 to Grade 3 with regard to THRASS in the first year of implementation. 2. The influence of THRASS on the spelling ages the spelling strategies and the independent written of the Foundation Phase learners. 3. Imperatives for management when introducing new programmes into schools. Using the chronological age of the learners as the baseline indicator the findings indicated that an age appropriate development in the spelling age of the Grade 1 learners. These results were similar to those of 2006 when a different system was being used. On average the Grade 2 and Grade 3 learners had a spelling age which was a year or more greater than their chronological age. These results were better than those recorded in 2006. The learners were using the majority of the strategies embedded in the THRASS programme and were experiencing greater confidence when attempting to complete independent written tasks. No conclusive evidence indicated the influence of THRASS on the independent written work of the learners. There was, however, evidence in support of the finding that the learners were using the majority of the strategies embedded in the programme. It became apparent, with regard to management, that ensuring the sustainability of programmes requires as much attention as the implementation of the programmes.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Needs Education at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2015 / One of the major obstacles to children’s growth and development, including performance in the classroom, is malnutrition. The National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP) is an effective yet essential means of addressing the learners’ hunger needs on a daily basis, thereby serving as a tool in boosting learner attendance, academic performance, health and nutrition, and the overall prospects for the children’s future. The present study seeks to examine the challenges experienced by learners benefitting from the National School Nutritional Programme in urban primary schools in Empangeni. An in-depth literature study was followed by an empirical investigation based on a qualitative research design employing questionnaires, focus groups and drawings. The sample consisted of learners, educators and the facilitators of the NSNP. The research findings revealed that learners experienced the following challenges: stigma, problems with transport, scheduling of meals, peer pressure and bullying, inadequate resources, the schools’ menu compliance and flexibility, behavioural issues and primary care. The study also proposed a host of possible suggestions and recommendations to improve the nutritional programmes in school for the overall benefit of all learners. Further avenues for research were discussed so that researchers could expand the programme into the future.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Published Article / The Marketing programmes at universities of technology are of particular importance to all business firms and even non-profit organisations. In order for students, as potential employees, to keep ahead of new developments and trends in the marketing environment, it is important that a work-integrated learning component should be incorporated in the Marketing programme. The Marketing programme at the CUT does not include any credit-bearing practical component (for example a work-integrated module). The purpose of this article is to provide a useful guide for marketing educators in the development of a work-integrated learning programme. This study was based on a qualitative case study research design. Nine interview schedules were distributed, via e-mail, to the programme heads of the Marketing programmes at universities of technology, as well as the CUT's Hotel and Tourism Management programmes. Several work-integrated learning documents and practices of the relevant departments at the CUT and other universities of technology were scrutinised and compared. From the responses it became clear that it is important for the institution to recruit suitable employers for the work-integrated learning programme in Marketing. Students and employers should comprehensively be prepared for the work-integrated learning process in order to achieve the specific outcomes as prescribed. These outcomes should be stipulated in the work-integrated learning manual of the Marketing programme.The students should be monitored on a continuous basis by providing them with a logbook and by submitting reports on their experiences. Assessment forms should be compiled and included into the Marketing work-integrated learning manual. The employers should be provided with assessment forms to assess the students on their performance. All these aspects should be addressed with the development of the Marketing work-integrated learning manual.