Much information is available through the print and other forms of media about pregnancy, parenthood, and the birth process, but significantly less information exists about postnatal depression or about how to cope with the often-painful realities of childbirth and parenting. Even less information exists about the effectiveness of caregiver intervention, especially from the point of view of womens' remembered experience. This study helps to fill the information gap identified in the literature. This is a hermeneutic phenomenological study guided by the ideas of van Manen (1990). I interviewed women who had experienced postnatal depression and health professional intervention, and asked them about their experiences. Some of the questions were, "What are the types and quality of health professional interventions provided for you by health professionals treating your postnatal depression?" "Which interventions did they use that were helpful for you, and which interventions were unhelpful?" The interviews were open-ended and tape-recorded, took one hour each, and the data was allowed to unfold naturally. The data were transcribed and analysed, then interpreted using the philosophical underpinning of phenomenology to guide my interpretation. The search for meaning in the text, and my attempts to make sense of the findings resulted in the development of two major themes, the first being Dual Reality and the second being Interventions, each theme had three sub-themes. Within the theme of Dual Reality were the sub themes of Behind the Mask, the Stresses involved in Being a New Mother, and The Depression Experience. Within the theme of Interventions were the three sub themes of Getting Help (the helpful interventions), Lack of Support, (the unhelpful interventions), and the Need for Education and More Services for Postnatal Depression (the missing interventions). The helpful and unhelpful health professional interventions were examined, some were positive and helped the women to heal from postnatal depression, and others were unhelpful (or simply absent), and the women were not assisted in their recovery. A number of recommendations are made and also suggestions for further research are included as a result of the findings of this study. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Department of Clinical Nursing, 2005.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-95).

Brain and behavioural disorders represent a leading cause of morbidity and suffering worldwide. The 'fierce' mouse has a spontaneous deletion of Nr2e1 that results in a complex phenotype that includes cortical hypoplasia and socially abnormal behaviours. Notably, functional protein and regulatory equivalency of mouse and human NR2E1 has been established. Furthermore, human studies implicate the genomic region containing NR2E1 in mental illness, although a role for NR2E1 in humans is currently unknown. Here, I integrate mouse models and human molecular genetics to understand the involvement of NR2E1 in human brain-behaviour development. First, we test the hypothesis that the spontaneous 'fierce' deletion involves onlyNr2el. It was demonstrated that the 'fierce' mutation results in the loss of all Nr2e1 exons without affecting neighbouring genes. Next, the hypothesis that some humans with cortical malformations will harbour NR2E1 mutations was tested by sequencing the coding, untranslated, splice-site, proximal promoter, and evolutionarily conserved regions of this gene in 60 subjects with microcephaly. Four candidate regulatory mutations were identified. To help interpret these findings, the genomic architecture and molecular evolution of NR2E1 were characterized in 94ethnically-diverse humans and 13 non-human primates, which indicated strong functional constraint. Finally, the hypothesis that some humans with behavioural and psychiatric disorders will harbour mutations in NR2E1 was tested by sequencing the regions outlined above in 126humans with impulsive-aggressive disorders, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. Eleven candidate regulatory mutations were identified. Taken together, the findings presented in this thesis are consistent with the proposal that non-coding regulatory mutations may be important to the pathogenesis of brain-behavioural disorders in some humans.

We have to stop inventing disorders for every human experience that challenges the status quo… I dream of a world where people can peacefully co-exist… [where] differences are accepted… [and where] I, and everybody else, has a place (Jackie, psychiatric survivor and mad person). The thesis is a critical ethnography of a political community in Toronto, Canada whose members are challenging the theories and interventions of biological psychiatry and developing approaches to understanding and responding to human experience in alternative ways that empower people who are conceived of as “mad”. Based on the emerging ideological and practical differences among participants, a model of the community was developed that includes three main constituencies: the psychiatric survivor constituency, the mad constituency, and the antipsychiatry constituency. This thesis includes descriptive accounts of the philosophical understandings, priorities, goals, actions, and strategies emerging from each of these constituencies; some tensions and conflicts that arise in the community around working across difference; the genuine attempts made by community members to build alliances, the challenges they face, and the notable progress they have made. The thesis grapples with how community members might work towards building a paradigm for solidarity work with others who share a stake in building communities that are free of sanism and psychiatric oppression. The dissertation ends with an exploration of how clinical and counselling psychologists might proceed in their work taking into consideration the experiences and perspectives shared by participants.

We have to stop inventing disorders for every human experience that challenges the status quo… I dream of a world where people can peacefully co-exist… [where] differences are accepted… [and where] I, and everybody else, has a place (Jackie, psychiatric survivor and mad person). The thesis is a critical ethnography of a political community in Toronto, Canada whose members are challenging the theories and interventions of biological psychiatry and developing approaches to understanding and responding to human experience in alternative ways that empower people who are conceived of as “mad”. Based on the emerging ideological and practical differences among participants, a model of the community was developed that includes three main constituencies: the psychiatric survivor constituency, the mad constituency, and the antipsychiatry constituency. This thesis includes descriptive accounts of the philosophical understandings, priorities, goals, actions, and strategies emerging from each of these constituencies; some tensions and conflicts that arise in the community around working across difference; the genuine attempts made by community members to build alliances, the challenges they face, and the notable progress they have made. The thesis grapples with how community members might work towards building a paradigm for solidarity work with others who share a stake in building communities that are free of sanism and psychiatric oppression. The dissertation ends with an exploration of how clinical and counselling psychologists might proceed in their work taking into consideration the experiences and perspectives shared by participants.

Abstract There is no literature explores the relationship between manpower and performance of the Taiwan¡¦s psychiatric hospitals yet. This research takes samples from seven public psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan to investigate: 1. Performance measurement of psychiatric hospitals. 2. The influence of psychiatric hospitals¡¦ manpower inputs on service performance. The orientations of data analysis in this research are research framework and research hypotheses, and then collect data from seven domestic public psychiatric hospitals. According to the nature of gathered data, we applied SPSS software on Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, K-Means Cluster Analysis, and t-test for difference of two samples mean, to explore the relationship between manpower input and service performance. Research outcomes: 1¡BAlthough service items don¡¦t increase in high professional manpower structure compare to low professional manpower structure, the service amounts increased significantly. Test results show that the hypothesis 1-1 is not supported, but hypothesis 1-2 is supported. 2¡BGroups with higher manpower quality input have significant increasing in service items¡¦ performances, but not significant statistically. Even though groups with higher manpower quality increased service items, the service amounts do not raise. However, groups with lower manpower quality input have significant increasing in service amounts¡¦ performances. It means that the significantly negative correlation between manpower quality and service amounts¡¦ performances. Test results show the hypothesis 2-1 is not supported, neither is hypothesis 2-2. 3¡BEven though the service items¡¦ performances have no significant increasing in the groups with high formal and contracted personnel percentages input, the service amounts are increased significantly. Therefore, the difference of formal and contracted personnel percentages input has significant influence on service amounts. Test results show the hypothesis 3-1 is not supported, but hypothesis3-2 is supported. 4¡BPsychiatric hospitals with high manpower costs input do not increase service items, but increase service amounts. Test results show the hypothesis 4-1 is not supported, but hypothesis 4-2 is supported. ¡@The relationship between psychiatric hospital¡¦s manpower input and service performance is clearly realized through this research, which could be the reference for hospital managers to adjust profession manpower and to employ personnel in the future. Meanwhile, it can facilitate managers to control correct developments, to use every manpower portfolio engaging in medical operations, and to exert maximum efficiency of human resources with most economical manpower costs to improve psychiatric hospitals¡¦ service performances. ¡iKeywords¡j: Psychiatric hospital, Manpower input, Service performance

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is distinct from orthodox western medicine. In the modern time¡Adue to chronic disease increase year by year and the consumer¡¦s concept of health is not merely without disease. These had changed the people¡¦s seeking medical help behavior. Western medicine in controlling and treating of acute disease had achieved remarkable results, but of chronic disease is disappointed due to chemical drugs long tern side effects. Complementary and alternative medicine relative to western medicine is more nature and modest without severe side effect. In many studies , people utilization of CAM as medical treatment increase year by year. In this study , I will explore the using conditions and degrees of CAM of patients in chronic psychiatric ward. We purposely select the patients and under the informed consensus of patient we apply questionnaires to them. After collecting the questionnaires, we perform statistic analysis. According to statistic results, we discuss the clinical meaning and hope to offer some valuable informations to mental heath providers.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration, June 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of London, 1991. / BLDSC reference no.: DX187130.

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskeutbildningen är treårig. I den ingår teoretisk och verksamhetsförlagd utbildning inom psykiatrisk vård. Studenter behöver förberedas med att träna för att få förmågan att möta och hantera patienter med psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur sjuksköterskestudenter uppfattar akuta omhändertaganden av patienter på psykiatriska akuta vårdavdelningar. Metod: En kvalitativ induktiv metod valdes. Tio intervjuer med semistrukturerade intervjufrågor genomfördes med studenter under termin tre på sjuksköterskeprogram i Mellansverige. Datamaterialet analyserades med manifest innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman (2004). Resultat: Ur analysen framkom två kategorier: sjuksköterskans arbetssituation och studentens reflektion över patientens situation. Vidare framkom fem subkategorier: speciellt att sätta gränser och vårda inom akut psykiatrisk vård, anpassa stöd och samtal, använda sig själv som ett redskap, etiska reflektioner och olika perspektiv. Konklusion: Studien visar att studenterna inte har tillräcklig teoretisk eller erfarenhetsmässig kompetens i rollen som sjuksköterskestudent på en psykaitrisk akutavdelning när de ska utföra VFU. Med  anledning av avdelningsinriktning, kort placering och akuta situationer de möts av inom psykiatrisk verksamhet, finns behov för studenterna att få mer psykiatrikunskap innan den kliniska praktiken utförs. Akuta omhändertaganden i psykiatriska situationer uppfattas därför mer sensitivt, svårförstådda och svåra att hantera av studenterna. / Background: Training to become a nurse is three years and includes theoretical and clinical training in psychiatric care. Students need to be prepared to practice to get the ability to meet and manage patients with mental illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine how nursing students perceive the emergency care order of patients in acute psychiatric wards. Method: A qualitative inductive method was chosen and ten interviews with semi-structured interview questions were conducted with students during the third semester in nursing programs in central Sweden. The data were analyzed by content analysis according Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: From the analysis revealed two categories: Nurses work situation and student reflection on the patient's situation. It was also found five subcategories: especially to set limits and take care in emergency psychiatric care, customize support and conversation, using her own as a tool, students' ethical reflections and different perspectives. Conclusion: The study shows that students do not have sufficient theoretical or experiential expertise in the role of a nursing student, in a psychiatric emergency department. The study shows that students do not have sufficient theoretical or experiential expertise in the role of a nurse, in a psychiatric emergency department. Because of the departments focus, where students are located and emergency situations they encounter in psychiatry, there is a need for students to gain more knowledge before psychiatry clinical practice is carried out. Acute psychiatric nursing care in situations perceived therefore more sensitive, difficult to understand and difficult to manage by the students.