Purchase is an important link in business management. Practically, it covers the applications of various theories such as psychology, financial management, international trade, the science of law and other social sciences. However, owing to the relative conservative nature of purchase and the environment under which the ordinary enterprises lay particular stress on sales performance, the real effect of purchase is usually overlooked by enterprises when they receive good profits. In terms of the purposes of business growth and acquirement of market competitive advantages, no matter whether the core competitive power of a company is service, sale or production, or whether a company is of profit-making or non profit-making nature, a purchasing system with economic effect is an indispensable and basic appeal for the operation and management of the company. The primary purpose of this study is to carry out academic study on the differences between theories and practices in the purchasing system and its implementation. The study tries to prove that the excellent ¡§system¡¨ highly praised by the society is not only constructed on a single basis of ¡§formal rules¡¨ with the theory of new institutional economics. It is believed that there are still other factors affecting the result of implementing the system. Through researches, analysis, and comparison between the system and its practical implementation, this thesis finds that the study results are consistent with the three aspects of the new institutional economics: ¡§informal limits¡¨, ¡§formal rules¡¨ and ¡§institutional changes¡¨. That means all drawbacks come from the failure of ¡§informal limits¡¨ such as people¡¦s code of conduct, norms of conduct, customs, culture, habits, etc. and loopholes found in the ¡§formal rules¡¨ under limited norms. Meanwhile, if the root causes of such system failure can¡¦t be found from the informal limits, even though we impose more restrictive conditions on the purchasing system and force it to produce an institutional change, the formal rules after such change are still insufficient to become the main tool for eliminating all drawbacks or an effective method for solving the corrupt practices.

The main intention of this graduation thesis was the analysis of the management system of purchasing activities in company Hornbach with the main scope to analyse the standard purchasing process, methods of selection procedure of new suppliers, methods of evaluation of supplier performance, stock management and business partner communication with the attempt to find out the most critical points of the merchandising system and defining the most appropriate ways of its optimalization.

This thesis deals with the issue of electronic public procurement. The aim of this thesis is to confirm or disprove the following hypotheses. The first hypothesis of this dissertation is the claim that the current legislation constitutes an adequate legal basis for the implementation of electronic public procurement. The second hypothesis states that the electronic public procurement is more efficient and more transparent than the public procurement without electronization. Examining the first hypothesis was chosen in order to determine whether it is necessary to change the law for the possibility of fully electronic public procurement. The second hypothesis, then, in essence asks whether electronization of public procurement improves the efficiency of public procurement and whether it contributes to increase the transparency of public procurement.

Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo la elaboración de un proyecto de innovación que resuelva la problemática que existe actualmente en el sector agrario respecto de a que los pequeños y medianos productores no perciben las ganancias adecuadas por su trabajo y cultivos, todo esto se debe ya que a raíz de nuestro clásico proceso de comercialización, los intermediarios generan un aumento cuantioso en el precio final del producto, lo cual no solo perjudica a los agricultores sino también a los consumidores finales, con nuestro emprendimiento se busca la manera de traspasar esta valla impuesta por el mercado y conectar directamente a ambas partes mediante el sistema de compras online a través de diferentes plataformas digitales con servicios de entrega preestablecidos, todo ello impulsado a su vez por la coyuntura actual de la pandemia a raíz de la COVID-19, que originó de cierta manera la variación de nuestros sistemas de compras así como también afectó sobre todo a un sector de la sociedad por lo que la motivación en gran medida de este plan de negocios es a su vez fomentar más medios para que el producto y trabajo peruano alcance y solvente las necesidades de ellos mismos. / This research work aims to develop an innovation project that solves the problem that currently exists in the agricultural sector with respect to small and medium producers do not receive adequate earnings for their work and crops, all this is because as a result of our classic marketing process, intermediaries generate a large increase in the final price of the product , which not only harms farmers but also the final consumers, with our venture we are looking for a way to go beyond this fence imposed by the market and directly connect both parties through the online purchasing system through different digital platforms with pre-established delivery services, all this in turn driven by the current situation of the pandemic as a result of the COVID-19 , which originated in a certain way the variation of our purchasing systems as well as affected especially a sector of society so that the motivation largely of this business plan is in turn to encourage more means for the product and Peruvian work reach and meet the needs of themselves. / Trabajo de investigación