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No description available.

No description available.

In 1980-81, teneral and fully melanized adult flea beetles were monitored with water traps. Phyllotreta cruciferae, P. striolata and Psylliodes punctulata are univoltine in southwestern Quebec. Their spatial distributions were estimated by D-Vac('(REGTM)) sampling in rutabaga and cabbage an the proportions of flea beetle species varied in time and space. Dispersal studies, using interception traps coupled with statistics of directional data, showed four immigrations to and seven emigrations from a rutabaga field. P. cruciferae was more attracted to allyl isothiocyanate than P. striolata, whereas the behavior of Ps. punctulata was not affected. Sex ratio estimations were affected accordingly. The color white significantly attracted more flea beetles than yellow, green and red. Overwintered adult flea beetles were more prevalent on later sown rutabaga, and the species proportions were slightly affected by the sowing date. Flea beetle infestations were simulated by punching out holes in cabbage seedlings.

It is sometimes said that the Quebec model of cultural integration constitutes a third way between the French model (republican integration) and the Canadian model (bilingual multiculturalism) for addressing issues relating to immigration. The present thesis analyses that hypothesis by reviewing the history of laws related to language and religion, especially as they concern the integration of immigrants, in France, English Canada and Quebec. In parallel to those legal histories, the thesis presents some statistical data, notably to better understand the motivations of legislators and to assess the degree of conformity between social change and the policies these legislators have sought to pursue. / After having demonstrated certain weakness of the Quebec model of integration, this thesis proposes three reforms to improve it. The first one, which concerns language legislation, is of republican inspiration. The other two focus on laws concerning religion and are inspired by the Canadian model of integration.

In the decade between Canada's first two decennial censuses, taken in 1851 and 1861, the Province, despite internal political difficulties, had become the largest, wealthiest, most populous, and most economically diversified of all Britain's colonies. The lower St. Lawrence was rugged and inhospitable, but above Quebec the valley widened into a fertile plain on both sides of the river which, in conjunction with the fertile Ontario "peninsula" to the west, supported the bulk of Canada's apopulation. [...]

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Rb-Sr studies of the Sept Iles anorthosite complex show that it was emplaced during the Cambrian and that it is unrelated to the Grenville province. The age of this complex is very similar to that of other igneous rocks associated with the St. Lawrence graben system. Both the acidic and basic components of the complex have similar ages and originated from magmas with similar, low('87) Sr/('86) Sr initial ratios. There is no evidence that crustal contamination played an important role in the generation of the acidic magmas. The earliest rocks of the complex exposed at Sept Iles are now observed on the mainland. They consist of cumulates rich in oxide minerals, mafic minerals and plagioclase. These rocks are thought to have been formed at the base of the complex. Further south, across the fault that defines the St. Lawrence graben in this area, the top of the complex is exposed on six islands and Presque-Ile Marconi. This part of the complex is thought to have formed by multiple injection of the magma differentiating at depth in the main chamber into the already solidified roof of the complex. Plagioclase cumulates, the earliest rocks exposed here, are cut by later, more differentiated gabbros. Syenite commonly overlies the basic rocks and is in turn overlain by granite. Geochemical and petrographic evidence indicate that the syenite was intruded as a magma and was not formed by accumulation of perthite precipitated from the granite. Geochemical studies show that all the rocks exposed at Sept Iles could have been formed by differentiation of a single gabbroic magma.

The effect of species, parent material, and stand age on nitrogen mineralization were examined during aerobic lab and field incubations. The experimental design consisted of 3 tree species (birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.); poplar (Populus tremuloides Michx.); and conifers (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss.)); two parent materials (lacustrine clay and glacial till); and three stand ages (50, 75, and 124 years of age). The strongest determinant of nitrogen mineralization potential was species. The effects of parent material and stand age were variable. Total nitrogen, pH, and soil moisture also affected N mineralization. Nitrogen mineralization dynamics may be largely affected by annual changes in quality of organic matter or climate. Available nitrogen inherent in forest stands must be taken into consideration when replacing hardwood stands with softwoods, because eliminating stages of boreal mixedwood succession could have detrimental effects on available nitrogen and forest productivity in the long-term.

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