No description available.

No description available.

The history of the Tacna-Arica Dispute presents varied problems to the student of international relations. From the period of Spanish American independence to the present there have developed new aspects of international law and practice according to the light brought upon it by several generations of experience, The circumstances of Per’s throwing her influence with Bolivia in the War of the Pacific in order to preserve the “balance of power” illustrate the traditional type of alliance entered into by nations fearing the growing strength of neighboring countries; the appeal to patriotic impulse and sentiment in carrying on a war whose outcome in doubtful for the weaker nations; delaying settlement through plebiscitary action; the vicissitudes of politics; and intolerance fed by national pride and lack of scientific study of the problem serve as landmarks in explaining the features of international disputes under the “old diplomacy”. The purpose of this paper is to furnish an historical background of the Tacna-Arica Dispute, to trace the arguments used by each nation in their attempts at adjustment, and to see whether the so-called “new” international diplomacy has had any effect upon this particular problem.

No description available.

This study is based on the relationship between the Kurds and the Left in Turkey between 1960s and 1990 in Turkey. The question of identity is discussed in terms of the continuities and ruptures in the discourse(s) of the Left in Turkey on the 'eastern question' and 'Kurdish (national) question' in this period. The main question of the research is how the Kurdish identity was constructed in the discourses of Yön, TKSP (Türkiye Kürdistanı Sosyalist Partisi - Turkish Kurdistan Socialist Party), and the PKK (Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê - Kurdistan Workers' Party). Three sample publications/organizations representative of the leftist discourse in the period were selected to show the Left's treatment of the Kurdish question by using periodical publications, memoirs, clandestine organizational documents and through discourse analysis.

No description available.

Question answering from a corpus of question-answer (QA) pairs accepts a user question in a natural language, and retrieves relevant QA pairs in the corpus. Most of existing question answering techniques are monolingual in nature. That is, the language used for expressing a user question is identical to that for the QA pairs in the corpus. However, with the globalization of business environments and advances in Internet technology, more and more online information and knowledge are stored in the question-answer pair format on the Internet or intranet in different languages. To facilitate users¡¦ access to these QA-pair documents using natural language queries in such a multilingual environment, there is a pressing need for the support of cross-lingual question answering (CLQA). In response, this study designs a thesaurus based CLQA technique. We empirically evaluate our proposed CLQA technique, using a monolingual question answering technique and a machine translation based CLQA technique as performance benchmarks. Our empirical evaluation results show that our proposed CLQA technique achieves a satisfactory effectiveness when using that of the monolingual question answering technique as a performance reference. Moreover, our empirical evaluation results suggest our proposed thesaurus based CLQA technique significantly outperforms the benchmark machine translation based CLQA technique.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Utah, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [351]-373).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1929. / Vita. Printed in Great Britain. Index.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Würzburg--Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, 1990.