Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-99).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-164).

A prototype system which has integrated a linear accelerator (linac) with a magnetic resonance imager (MRI) has been constructed at the Cross Cancer Institute. The real time operation of a linac-MRI system will require proper radio frequency (RF) shielding such that the MRI images can be acquired without extraneous RF noise from the linac. This thesis reports on the steps taken to successfully RF-shield the linac from the MRI such that the two devices can operate independently of one another. The RF noise from functioning multileaf collimators (MLC) is measured using near field probes and MRI images are acquired with the MLC near the MRI. This included measuring the RF noise as a function of applied magnetic field strength. Several measurement and simulation scenarios are discussed to determine the major sources of RF noise generation from the modulator of a linac. Finally RF power density levels are reported internally and externally to the RF cage which houses the linac and the MRI. The shielding effectiveness of the RF cage has been measured in the frequency range 1 50 MHz and is presented. MRI images of two phantoms are presented during linac operation. The MLC studies illustrate that the small RF noise produced by functioning MLC motors can be effectively shielded to avoid signal-to-noise degradation in the MRI image. A functioning MLC can be incorporated into a linac-MRI unit. The RF noise source investigations of the modulator of a linac illustrate that the major source of RF noise involves the operation of a magnetron. These studies also eliminate the pulse forming network (PFN) coil and the grid voltage spikes on the thyratron as possible major sources of RF noise. The main result is that for linac-MRI systems the modulator of a linac should be housed in a separate RF cage from the MRI. Finally imaging work with the linac operating illustrates that the accelerating structure of a linac and an MRI can be housed within the same RF cage. The 6 MV linac can be operated to produce radiation with no experientially measurable degradation in image quality due to RF effects. / Medical Physics

Thesis (Ph.D.)--RAND Graduate School, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005. / "December 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-220). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

<p>This dissertation presents the first experiments on radio frequency (rf) spectroscopy of a quasi-two dimensional strongly interacting ultracold atomic Fermi gas. A 50-50 mixture of spin-up and spin-down atoms is confined in a series of pancake-shaped traps produced using an optical standing-wave. To make the system quasi-two dimensional, I adjust the Fermi energy in the weakly confined direction to be comparable to the harmonic oscillator energy level spacing in the tightly confined direction.</p><p>For a perfectly two dimensional system, at low enough temperature, spin-up and spin-down atoms should form dimers in the ground state of the tightly confined direction. However, in our quasi-two dimensional system I find that the simple dimer theory does not agree with the measured radio-frequency spectra. Instead, the data can be explained by polaron to polaron transitions, which is a many-body effect. Here, a polaron is a spin-down impurity surrounded by a cloud of particle-hole pairs in a spin-up Fermi sea. With this unique strongly interacting quasi-two dimensional system, I am able to study the interplay between confinement induced two-body pairing and many-body physics in confined mesoscopic systems of several hundred atoms, which has not been previously explored and offers new challenges for predictions.</p> / Dissertation

Localization and motion control (navigation) are two major tasks for a successful mobile robot navigation. The motion controller determines the appropriate action for the robot’s actuator based on its current state in an operating environment. A robot recognizes its environment through some sensors and executes physical actions through actuation mechanisms. However, sensory information is noisy and hence actions generated based on this information may be non-deterministic. Therefore, a mobile robot provides actions to its actuators with a certain degree of uncertainty. Moreover, when no prior knowledge of the environment is available, the problem becomes even more difficult, as the robot has to build a map of its surroundings as it moves to determine the position. Skilled navigation of a differential drive mobile robot (DDMR) requires solving these tasks in conjunction, since they are inter-dependent. Having resolved these tasks, mobile robots can be employed in many contexts in indoor and outdoor environments such as delivering payloads in a dynamic environment, building safety, security, building measurement, research, and driving on highways. This dissertation exploits the use of the emerging Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology for the design and implementation of cost-effective and modular control techniques for navigating a mobile robot in an indoor environment. A successful realization of this process has been addressed with three separate navigation modules. The first module is devoted to the development of an indoor navigation system with a customized RFID reader. This navigation system is mainly pioneered by mounting a multiple antenna RFID reader on the robot and placing the RFID tags in three dimensional workspace, where the tags’ orthogonal position on the ground define the desired positions that the robot is supposed to reach. The robot generates control actions based on the information provided by the RFID reader for it to navigate those pre-defined points. On the contrary, the second and third navigation modules employ custom-made RFID tags (instead of the RFID reader) which are attached at different locations in the navigation environment (on the ceiling of an indoor office, or on posts, for instance). The robot’s controller generates appropriate control actions for it’s actuators based on the information provided by the RFID tags in order to reach target positions or to track pre-defined trajectory in the environment. All three navigation modules were shown to have the ability to guide a mobile robot in a highly reverberant environment with variant degrees of accuracy.

Last years have become very productive for the research, construction and development of new facilities devoted to the production of beams with exotic radioisotopes (Radioactive Ion Beams, RIB). These beams are later used for experiments in fields like nuclear physics, atomic physics, astrophysics or medicine, among others. Within this kind of facilities, the ISOL facilities stand out. They are based on the on-line separation of radioactive isotopes produced in nuclear reactions between a target and a high-energy proton beam. The ISOL method was the pioneer for these facilities and it has kept up to now the leadership of RIB facilities. The main reason is ISOLDE, an ISOL facility located at CERN, the largest accelerator complex in the world, where this doctoral thesis has been carried out.The first innovation which is described is the design of an ion trap for the cooling and bunching of RIB's for ISOLDE, the so-called ISCOOL (ISOLDE COOLer). It is an Radio Frequency Quadrupole ion Cooler and Buncher (RFQCB), device based on the Paul traps. In these traps, the ions are confined in the three dimensions by electric fields. The ions are confined on the transverse plane with the pseudopotential well created by the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and focused on the longitudinal axis. At the same time, a gas (normally helium) fills the chamber with a pressure between 10-3 and 10-2 mbar. The collisions between the atoms or molecules of the gas and the ions. In addition, to drive the ions to the extraction of the RFQCB, an axial electric field is created by segmented electrodes. Different voltages are applied to these electrodes in order to choose the shape of the field. The shape can be chosen to create a potential well close to the extraction from the RFQCB in which the ions are accumulated and extracted as bunches, by the fast-switch of the voltages applied to the axial electrodes.The new ISCOOL will be installed as a permanent device of the ISOLDE beam lines.

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In this thesis, we propose the method to design tag antennas, which are suitable for radio frequency identification system. The fact that the tag antennas design comes with single layer printed circuit board can achieve cost down of the antennas. For the tag antennas, the aim is to design the RFID tag antenna operating in 860¡V960 MHz which are suitable for both the near- and far-field operations worldwide. The method we use to design tag antenna is the dual loop form with Bow-tie antenna, and we focus on the impedance conjugate matching between the RFID strap and antenna to increase impedance bandwidth and improve reading performance. We can adjust parameter to be suitable for different RFID strap in the design framework. The dual loop structure carries out power coupling efficiently in the near field and can allow the RFID strap to work even in the weak EM wave. According to the result of power coupling simulation, we analyze and discuss which factor will affect the reliability of the identification. Such reliability will help to build RFID system.