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1	Analýza možností provedení evakuace obyvatelstva v předúnikové fázi radiační havárie v podmínkách ETE / Analysis of the possibility to perform evacuation of inhabitants at the pre-leakage phase of radiation accident in nuclear power plant conditions MAKRLÍK, Jaroslav January 2011 (has links) Nuclear facility accidents involving leaks of radioactive substances into the environment might have serious radiobiological impacts on inhabitants in some cases and would require immediate or subsequent protective measures from iodine prophylaxis and hiding to evacuation or permanent resettlement. The first part of the thesis describes the conditions of nuclear facility operation, technology of the Temelin nuclear power plant, including description of technology and function of emergency systems and the basic principles of security, and environment protection. It also describes the principles and aims of nuclear safety, radiation protection and accident preparedness. A more detailed description of accident preparedness at the Temelin power plant including links to the External Emergency Plan and announcement of safety measures for inhabitants follows. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the decision making process on announcement of evacuation in the pre-leak phase of radiation accident from the point of view of the Temelin nuclear plant operator?s possibilities. The part Methodology includes a description of RTARC software for evaluation of radiological impacts of radioactive substance leakage into the environment of the Temelin nuclear plant in case of radiation accident. The set of source members (event scenarios) used for the calculation is also described there. The chapter Results presents and assesses the RTARC calculations. We may say upon analyses of the results that application of the decision making support programme is beneficial and is practically able to help with efficient protection of citizens in the final effect. For a part of the considered source members evacuation on pre-leak phase cannot be recommended with regard to the quick progress and leakage of radioactive substances into the environment.
2	Inverse Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling in Complex Geometries / Invers atmosfärisk spridningsmodellering i komplexa geometrier Pelland, Charlie January 2022 (has links) In the event of a radioactive release in an urban environment the consequent response mustbe swift and precise. As soon as first responders have correct information, they can make anaccurate risk assessment. However, if the position, release rate and time of the radioactiverelease is unknown it is hard to know how the pollutant will spread. This thesis aims to testa model which approximates these three unknowns using weather data (wind and rain) as wellas measurement data collected at sensors placed around an urban environment. An atmospheric dispersion model based on an existing Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes modelis set up in two geometries of different complexity to create forward mode synthetic depositiondata and adjoint mode concentration fields resulting from a fixed dry deposition velocity andscavenging effect for wet deposition. Variations of time- and space-dependent rainfall is simu-lated. The resulting data is used in an existing optimization model, where a parameter studyis conducted regarding regularization coefficients. This thesis shows that the optimization model accurately estimates position and its approximaterelease rate of a 2D geometry of radioactive releases using a logarithmic optimization approach,and fail to do so using a linear optimization approach. The logarithmic optimization model alsoapproximately estimates position and release rate in a 3D geometry. Regularization parametersshould be within the range of 0.1 and 1.2 depending on rain. More rain requires smallerparameters and will estimate a lower release rate. Time-dependent rainfall is shown to have amajor negative effect on simulation time.iii atmospheric dispersion modeling dispersion modeling invers dispersion modeling atmospheric dispersion invers atmospheric dispersion CFD computational fluid dynamics radioactive release openfoam CRBN dry deposition dry deposition velocity scavenging effect wet deposition optimization model Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes adjoint mode time-dependent rain simulation time-dependent rain time dependent rain simulation time dependent rain Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Fluid Mechanics and Acoustics Strömningsmekanik och akustik

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Analýza možností provedení evakuace obyvatelstva v předúnikové fázi radiační havárie v podmínkách ETE / Analysis of the possibility to perform evacuation of inhabitants at the pre-leakage phase of radiation accident in nuclear power plant conditions

Inverse Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling in Complex Geometries / Invers atmosfärisk spridningsmodellering i komplexa geometrier