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1	An easy to use system for determining range cattle body condition Tolleson, Douglas R., Schafer, David W. 10 1900 (has links) 4 pp. / determining body condition for effective cattle management body condition range cattle cattle management
2	A grassland forage supply assessment in Southeast British Columbia with comparisons to current Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) and range cattle (Bos taurus) grazing pressure and analysis of productivity distinctions Anaka, Tobi 15 June 2010 (has links) Open grassland productivity was measured within adjacent East Kootenay range units to evaluate forage availability and calculate elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) and cattle (Bos taurus) sustainable carrying capacity targets. This research extends rangeland monitoring with an analysis of site differentiation and comparative grazing pressure to 2008 population estimates. Significant productivity differences were found between grass and shrubs for range units (p=0.024 and p<0.0001) and different biogeoclimatic zones (p=0.042 and p<0.0001). Notable grazing pressure distinctions occurred: cattle exceeded the Rampart Mayook carrying capacity, elk exceeded the Pickering Hills carrying capacity, and both species had sustainable populations within the Power Plant range unit. These results provide clear direction for stock management and offer valuable rangeland insight. Furthermore, the study introduces cover-percentage productivity estimation (CPPE), a simple grassland productivity assessment method. Pearson correlation coefficients were significant and high between productivity results and cover estimates, indicating that CPPE will be a useful field tool. forage supply Rocky Mountain elk range cattle grazing pressure grassland productivity range management ecology foresty and wildlife
3	Cattle Capitalists: The XIT Empire in Texas and Montana Miller, Michael M. 12 1900 (has links) The Texas Constitution of 1876 set aside three million acres of Texas public land in exchange for construction of the monumental red granite Capitol that continues to house Texas state government today. The Capitol project and the land went to an Illinois syndicate led by men influential in business and politics. Austin's statehouse is a recognizable symbol of Texas around the world. So too, the massive Panhandle tract given in exchange -- what became the "fabulous" XIT Ranch -- has come to, for many, symbolize Texas and its role in the nineteenth century cattle boom. After finding sales prospects for the land, known as the Capitol Reservation, weak at the time, backed by British capital, the Illinois group, often called the Capitol Syndicate, turned their efforts to cattle ranching to satisfy investors until demand for the land increased. The operation included a satellite ranch in Montana to which two-year-old steers from Texas were sent for fattening, often "over the trail" on a route increasingly blocked by people and settlement. Rather than a study focused on ranching operations on the ground -- the roundups, the cattle drives, the cowboys -- this instead uncovers the business and political side of the Syndicate's ranching operation, headquartered in Chicago. The operation of the XIT Ranch looked more like other Gilded Age businesses employing armies of clerks, bookkeepers, and secretaries instead of how great western ranches have been portrayed for years in popular literature and media. The XIT Ranch existed from 1885 to 1912, yet from Texas to Montana the operation left a deep imprint on community culture and historical memory. cattle ranching American west Texas Montana cowboys Capitol capital capitalism imperialism beef trust beef business XIT Ranch Capitol Reservation Great Plains public land range cattle stock growers land sales land policy XIT Ranch (Tex.) -- History. Ranches -- Texas -- History. Ranches -- Montana -- History. Cattle trade -- Texas -- History. Cattle trade -- Montana -- History.

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