Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / A pipeline technique by Loomis and Sinha has been applied to the design of recursive digital filters. Recursive digital filters operating at hitherto impossibly high rates can be designed by this technique. An alternate technique by R. Gnanasekaran allows high speed implementation using the state-space structure directly. High throughput is also achieved by use of pipelined multiply-add modules. The actual hardware complexity will depend upon the number of pipeline stages. These techniques are used for the design of the I IR notch filter and finally, a comparison of the performance and complexity of these two techniques is presented. / http://archive.org/details/infiniteimpulser00jang / Lieutenant, Royal Thai Navy

The design of nearly linear-phase recursive digital filters using constrained optimization is investigated. The design technique proposed is expected to be useful in applications where both magnitude and phase response specifications need to be satisfied. The overall constrained optimization method is formulated as a quadratic programming problem based on Newton’s method. The objective function, its gradient vector and Hessian matrix as well as a set of linear constraints are derived. In this analysis, the independent variables are assumed to be the transfer function coefficients. The filter stability issue and convergence efficiency, as well as a ‘real axis attraction’ problem are solved by integrating the corresponding bounds into the linear constraints of the optimization method. Also, two initialization techniques for providing efficient starting points for the optimization are investigated and the relation between the zero and pole positions and the group delay are examined. Based on these ideas, a new objective function is formulated in terms of the zeros and poles of the transfer function expressed in polar form and integrated into the optimization process. The coefficient-based and polar-based objective functions are tested and compared and it is shown that designs using the polar-based objective function produce improved results. Finally, several other modern methods for the design of nearly linear-phase recursive filters are compared with the proposed method. These include an elliptic design combined with an optimal equalization technique that uses a prescribed group delay, an optimal design method with robust stability using conic-quadratic-programming updates, and an unconstrained optimization technique that uses parameterization to guarantee filter stability. It was found that the proposed method generates similar or improved results in all comparative examples suggesting that the new method is an attractive alternative for linear-phase recursive filters of orders up to about 30.

The design of nearly linear-phase recursive digital filters using constrained optimization is investigated. The design technique proposed is expected to be useful in applications where both magnitude and phase response specifications need to be satisfied. The overall constrained optimization method is formulated as a quadratic programming problem based on Newton’s method. The objective function, its gradient vector and Hessian matrix as well as a set of linear constraints are derived. In this analysis, the independent variables are assumed to be the transfer function coefficients. The filter stability issue and convergence efficiency, as well as a ‘real axis attraction’ problem are solved by integrating the corresponding bounds into the linear constraints of the optimization method. Also, two initialization techniques for providing efficient starting points for the optimization are investigated and the relation between the zero and pole positions and the group delay are examined. Based on these ideas, a new objective function is formulated in terms of the zeros and poles of the transfer function expressed in polar form and integrated into the optimization process. The coefficient-based and polar-based objective functions are tested and compared and it is shown that designs using the polar-based objective function produce improved results. Finally, several other modern methods for the design of nearly linear-phase recursive filters are compared with the proposed method. These include an elliptic design combined with an optimal equalization technique that uses a prescribed group delay, an optimal design method with robust stability using conic-quadratic-programming updates, and an unconstrained optimization technique that uses parameterization to guarantee filter stability. It was found that the proposed method generates similar or improved results in all comparative examples suggesting that the new method is an attractive alternative for linear-phase recursive filters of orders up to about 30.

Submitted by Lucienne Costa (lucienneferreira@ufcg.edu.br) on 2017-12-13T16:54:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CÉLIO ANÉSIO DA SILVA - TESE (PPGEE) 2014.pdf: 1651226 bytes, checksum: a70dc4864a551f419c02ff41303eaffc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-13T16:54:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CÉLIO ANÉSIO DA SILVA - TESE (PPGEE) 2014.pdf: 1651226 bytes, checksum: a70dc4864a551f419c02ff41303eaffc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-29 / Capes / Um novo método de obtenção de parâmetros de filtros digitais recursivos (FDR) é apresentado para reduzir o impacto da resposta transitória dos Transformadores de Potencial Capacitivos (TPC) sobre o desempenho dos sistemas de medição, proteção e controle. Assumindo uma topologia predefinida, os parâmetros dos filtros são obtidos a partir da resposta em frequência do TPC de interesse. Diferentemente das técnicas reportadas na literatura, o método se aplica com facilidade a TPC de diferentes classes de tensão e independe das características operacionais do sistema. Para tanto, faz-se necessário conhecer a resposta em frequência do TPC em questão, no espectro de frequência de interesse. A validação do método é realizada através de simulações digitais em tempo real via simulador RTDSTM (Real Time Digital Simulator). As análises são baseadas em dados de sistemas elétricos reais e no funcionamento dinâmico dos filtros através da estimação dos fasores das tensões e estudos de localização de falta. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verifica-se que a presença dos FDR reduz significativamente os erros de medição causados pelos TPC quando submetidos a condições transitórias. Portanto, os FDR surgem como uma forma simples e de baixo custo para melhorar o desempenho e a confiabilidade dos sistemas de medição, proteção e controle. / A new method for obtaining recursive digital filter (FDR) parameters is presented in order to reduce the impact of Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CCVT) transient response on the performance of the measurement, protection and control systems. Assuming a pre-defined topology, the filter parameters are obtained from the CCVT frequency response of interest. Unlike the techniques reported in the literature, the method applies easily to CCVT of different voltage classes and it does not depend on the operating characteristics of the system, therefore, it is necessary to know the frequency response of the CCVT on the frequency spectrum of interest. The method is validated is through digital simulation using the RTDSTM (Real Time Digital Simulator). The analyzes are based on data obtained from electrical systems in service and on the dynamic performance of the filters by estimating the phasors of voltages and fault location studies. It is shown that the presence of FDR significantly reduces measurement errors caused by CCVT when subjected to transient conditions, therefore, the FDR arises as a simple and low cost alternative to improve the performance and reliability of measurement systems, protection and control.