This thesis aimes to illustrate and describe the current status of refraction and axial length in German children and adolescents. In contrast to previous studies growth curves were generated, instead of analysing myopia prevalence at separate age groups. This allows for an easier understanding and comparison of eye development.:Introduction and Motivation Aims Background Refractive development in infants and children Eye-growth and axial length Methods Study population Measurements Statistical analysis Cumulative part Refractive status in a German paediatric cohort: A cross-sectional analysis of the LIFE Child data Reference curves for refraction in a German cohort of healthy children and adolescents Longitudinal analysis of axial length growth in a German cohort of healthy children and adolescents Zusammenfassung der Arbeit Summary Conclusion Prospect References Appendix Einreichungserklärung Declaration Wissenschaftliche Beiträge zu den Publikationen Acknowledgments

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