Orientador: Lúcia Helena de Oliveira Gerardi / Banca: Raquel Bovo / Banca: Darlene Aparecida de Oliveira Ferreira / Banca: Manuel Baldomero Rolando Berrios Godoy / Banca: Vera Lúcia dos Santos / Resumo: O espaço rural não apresenta somente atividades ligadas à agropecuária. Sobretudo nos últimos tempos, outras atividades, muitas ligadas ao setor do lazer e do turismo têm surgido neste espaço. No Brasil, tradicionalmente, as atividades agropecuárias sempre tiveram função primordial na economia. O país destaca-se na produção agropecuária mundial. No entanto, o chamado agronegócio, sempre privilegiou os grandes proprietários. Os pequenos produtores, de certo modo, estiveram à margem de instrumentos legais de benefício às atividades produtivas. Em razão do surgimento e do crescimento do turismo no espaço rural, faz-se necessária a elaboração de políticas públicas que orientem o setor, beneficiando certos atores e aproveitando determinadas potencialidades locais. Assim, partindo-se da análise de um roteiro turístico localizado no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Rota das Terras), caminha-se para a proposição de subsídios para a elaboração de políticas públicas para o turismo no espaço rural do referido roteiro. Anterior a esta proposição, analisa-se o espaço rural brasileiro e a relação deste espaço com a atividade turística. Estuda-se o conceito e a tipologia do turismo no espaço rural, formulando-se um conceito para este segmento. Investiga-se a área de estudo, apontando dados e informações que serão fundamentais para uma análise científica da mesma, sobretudo, no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento do turismo na Rota das Terras. Para a consecução deste estudo, realizou-se uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, além da verificação de outras fontes, inclusive com a realização de entrevista com os dirigentes municipais de turismo dos municípios componentes do consórcio municipal que define o roteiro e com outras pessoas diretamente ligadas a este consórcio. / Abstract: The countryside does not present only acitivities connected with the agronomy and cattle breeding. Above all, other activities, many of them connected to the leisure and tourism area, has emerged at this space in the last time period. In Brazil, traditionally, the agronomy and cattle breeding activities always had a prime function in the economy. The countryside stands out in the agronomy and cattle breeding production worldwide. Nevertheless, the called agrobusiness always privileged the big owners. The small producers, in a way, were on the fringes of the benefits of legal instruments to the productive activities. Due to the tourism appearance and growth in the countryside, it is necessary the elaboration of public politics that guide the sector, improving certain agents and making use of determined local potentialities. In this way, coming from the analysis of a tourist itinerary placed in Rio Grande do Sul State (Rota das Terras) , it is oriented to a proposition of subsidies to the elaboration of public politics to tourism in the countryside of the refered itinerary. Before this proposition, it is analysed the brazilian rural area and the relation to this area with the tourist activity. It is studied the concept and the tipology of tourism in the rural area, formulating a concept to this segment. It is investigated the area of study, pointing to data and information that will be fundamental to cientific analysis of this one, over all, concerning the tourism development in the Rota das Terras. To the accomplisment of this study, it was realized a broad bibliographic research, besides the verification of other sources, including the accomplishment of an interview with the municipal tourism directors of the cities that belong to the municipal consortium, which defines the itinerary, and with other people connected directly to this consortium. / Doutor

Dissertação(mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Informação, 2009. / Submitted by Caroline Silva (krol_bilhar@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-16T12:20:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertao_maria_teresa_corra.pdf: 3157734 bytes, checksum: fbe298d2e629c0f72a0e3b5bfd9b858d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-07-31T19:09:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertao_maria_teresa_corra.pdf: 3157734 bytes, checksum: fbe298d2e629c0f72a0e3b5bfd9b858d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-31T19:09:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertao_maria_teresa_corra.pdf: 3157734 bytes, checksum: fbe298d2e629c0f72a0e3b5bfd9b858d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / O município do Rio Grande-RS foi considerado um marco geoestratégico desde o período colonial, mas a partir da década de 40 começou a perder seu dinamismo, resultando no fechamento de diversas indústrias. Diversos estudos apontam que o processo declinante está ligado à colonização e às atividades produtivas pouco diversificadas. Ao mesmo tempo, os índices socioeconômicos demonstram o desleixo dos governantes para com a cidade mais antiga do estado. O presente trabalho buscou como objetivo central apontar e destacar as políticas públicas de desenvolvimento regional para a recuperação da economia municipal, tendo analisado o período de 1987 a 1994. / The city of the Rio Grande was considered a geostrategic landmark since the colonial period, but from the decade of 40 it started to lose its dynamism, resulting in the closing of diverse industries. Diverse studies point that the declining process is on to the settling and the productive activities little diversified. At the same time, the socioeconomics indices demonstrate the negligence of the governing stop with the city oldest of the state. The present work searched as objective central office to point and to detach the public politics of regional development for the recovery of the municipal economy, having analyzed the period of 1987 the 1994.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar as interações econômicas das unidades da Federação. Cabe ressaltar que as interações serão tratadas neste trabalho como o comércio entre as diversas unidades espaciais e suas relações mercantis com o resto do mundo. Para atingir tal objetivo foi especificado um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável de tradição australiana (B-MARIA27-IT). O modelo é composto por seis tipos de agentes, quais sejam: setores produtivos, investidores, famílias, governo federal, governo regional e setor externo. Em cada uma das 27 regiões contempladas há oito setores produzindo oito bens. O setor externo é dividido em cinco blocos de comércio: NAFTA, resto da ALCA, União Européia, Mercosul e resto do mundo. Para analisar a estrutura de interações econômicas entre as unidades da Federação foi implementado um exercício de simulação, que consistiu em um deslocamento na curva de demanda por exportações para os diversos blocos de comércio, ou seja, uma proxy do fortalecimento das interações destas unidades com determinado bloco de comércio. Através deste exercício pode-se verificar, por exemplo, qual o impacto de um aumento das transações internacionais de um setor localizado em determinada unidade da Federação, sobre os fluxos de comércio interno das demais unidades da Federação. Ao fazer esta análise através de um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável (EGC) pode-se levar em conta a possibilidade de substituição entre bens domésticos e importados, a variação nos preços relativos, a possibilidade de substituição diferenciada para os bens de exportação, dentre outros. Cabe ainda ressaltar que, para analisar a interdependência entre setores, regiões e famílias de forma mais acurada, é importante levar em conta, por exemplo, diferenciais de preço e mobilidade dos fatores de produção, dentre outros fatores. Logo, a estrutura de EGC parece-nos mais adequada para tratar, de forma completa, as interações espaciais entre as unidades da Federação. / The principal aim of this thesis is to analize the economic interactions among the Brazilian states. The economic interactions in this work will be treated as trade among the Brazilian states and trade between the Brazilian states and the rest of the world. In order to reach this objective a computable general equilibrium model was specified (B-MARIA27-IT). The model is formed by productive sectors, investors, households, federal government, regional government and external sector. There are 8 sectors responsible for the production of 8 goods in each one of the 27 regions. The external sector is divided in five regions: NAFTA, rest of FTAA, European Union, Mercosur and rest of the world. In order to analise the structure of economic interactions among the Brazilian states was implemented a simulation that changed the exports demand for each one of the external regions. This simulatin can be understand as a proxy of an increase in the relationship between the Brazilian states and external sector. This exercise will enable us to verify which will be the impact upon the inter-state trade flows of an increase in the international trade flows of each Brazilian state. The general equilibrium approach considers the possibility of substitution between domestic goods and imported goods, changes in the relative prices, imperfect substitution among goods, factor production mobility, etc. So we can affirm that the general equilibrium approach is adequate to capture the whole picture of spatial interacions of the Brazilian states.

Esta dissertação analisa a instalação de um grande empreendimento comandado pela empresa multinacional Alcoa no município de Juruti (PA). Trata-se de uma pequena cidade da Amazônia brasileira que se integra à economia internacional devido a sua inserção no circuito produtivo do alumínio, com a mineração e beneficiamento da bauxita pela Alcoa. A pesquisa aponta mudanças significativas para o lugar, entre outras: incorporação de novos objetos técnicos como porto, ferrovia, planta da empresa; expansão do tecido urbano; aumento da população; fluxos criados e intensificados no trânsito; aumento da violência; impactos sobre nascentes de rios. O novo arranjo territorial produzido pela verticalidade que representa a chegada da empresa conduz a reações por parte da população local. Trata-se de ações exercidas como resultado de horizontalidades préexistentes, que se reforçam frente a este novo contexto. É o caso da Associação das Comunidades da Região de Juruti Velho (Acorjuve), formada por comunidades que moram próximas ao terreno ocupado pela empresa e que consegue uma negociação para receber taxa de 1,5% sobre o resultado da lavra, condição de resistência do lugar pelo uso do território. A dinâmica territorial de Juruti muda, porém nem o aumento na arrecadação de impostos desde o início das operações em setembro de 2009 mudou a sua posição na configuração regional; continua como cidade polarizada por Santarém. Este estudo contribui para o entendimento de que as transformações ocorridas na escala intra-urbana e municipal são desdobramentos das relações existentes entre os circuitos espaciais produtivos e os lugares bem como das interações sociais, econômicas e políticas consequentemente estabelecidas. / This dissertation analyzes the installation of a large enterprise headed by the multinational company Alcoa in the city of Juruti (PA). It is a small city of Brazilian Amazon which integrates with the international economy due to its insertion into the circuit of aluminum production, with mining and processing of bauxite by Alcoa. The research indicates the significant changes to the place, among others: the incorporation of new technical objects such as companys port, railway and plant; expansion of the urban fabric; population growth; creation and intensification of traffic flow, increase in violence, impacts on springs of the rivers. The new territorial arrangement produced by the verticality represents the arrival of the company, and leads to reactions from the local population. These actions are taken as a result of pre-existing horizontality, reinforced to face this new context. This is the case of the Association of Communities of Old Juruti Region (Acorjuve), funded by the communities which live near to the land occupied by the company, and can negotiate to receive a rate of 1.5% over the result of mining, condition of resistance of the place by the use of the territory. The territorial dynamic of Juruti changes, but neither the increase in tax revenue since the beginning of its operation in September 2009 modifies its position in the regional configuration; it remains as a city polarized by Santarém. This study contributes to understand that the changes occurred in the intra-urban and municipal scale are developments of existing relationships between the productive space circuits and the places as well as of the social, economic and political interactions consequently settled

Depopulation is a well-known phenomenon in peripheral rural regions. The most identified problems are based on structural weaknesses in terms of decreasing business activities and a lack of public infrastructure. In such regions population is mainly older causing major changes in social infrastructure. For instance many schools and kindergartens close down for lack of demand, which hinders young families to migrate to such regions. The result is typically a negative cumulative process of loss of population, loss of jobs, loss of infrastructure, further outmigration. It is an enormous challenge for such regions to overcome this vicious circle. Regional identity can be seen as an important factor to overcome such structural weaknesses. The paper will discuss the concept of regional identity in order to define the term and how it is embedded in regional development theory. The empirical analysis is presenting results focusing on regional identity coming out of a qualitative data analysis and a postal survey. We designed a regional identity index, which measures the intensity of personal and social relationships of both in-migrants and out-migrants.

As oil bearing country, the issue of development in Nigeria has been a complex one that has attracted attention of both the government and scholars because oil politics appears to shape resource management and the development process. While academic focus has been on the analysis of national development, there is a paucity of academic studies on the internal dynamics at the regional level that shape the development process. This study therefore aims to: “examine the effect of oil resources on Nigeria’s development and the South-South compared with the situation in the South-West”, with an explicit focus on the complex nexus between oil, politics and regional development in Nigeria. The thesis adopts both methodological and theoretical triangulation to generate data to test the main and supporting hypothesis adopted for the study: “the oil industry has had an adverse impact on the development of Nigeria, and, in particular, the Niger Delta region in which it is concentrated”. In so doing, it explores the failure of oil politics to mix effectively to engender both national and regional development; leading to a regional development disparity. The study concludes that oil wealth failed to fuel development in Nigeria but instead, led to leadership failure. This failure is particularly found to have given vent to the negative impact of oil wealth on elite behaviour that is shaped by corruption, made worse by a dis-functional federal system where those with links major ethnic groups, get resource allocation and development advantage. The study consequently recommends that elite induced oil politics and attendant corruption, be tackled to pave way for both national and regional development in Nigeria. The study also recommend replication of this study in a larger scale in other oil bearing developing nations to further explore the relationship between management of resource wealth and regional development.

The diploma thesis is focused on human capital influence on regional development and regional competitiveness. The goal is to evaluate influence of educational structure on development indicators in regions of the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part are found chapters dedicated to: definition of human capital, investments in human capital and its influence on socio-economic sphere. The practical part is focused on analysis of relation between educational sphere and indicators of the regional development, such as: net disposable income per capita, gross domestic product per capita, economic activity rate, unemployment rate, criminality rate and rate of violent crime. In case of net disposable income per capita and gross domestic product per capita was found correlation. The education structure has an impact on these macroeconomic indicators. Regarding economic activity rate and criminality rate, there was found a correlation but much less intensive than expected. In the last group of indicators, unemployment rate and rate of violent crime, there was not found any correlation whatsoever. In the practical part of the thesis was also examine that massive education is not an effective solution and an answer in case of solving all regional development problems. As much as important education is, without effective use of it this potential stays only as a potential and not as an output.

In my thesis I am trying to characterise region of Eastern Slovakia, concretly two regions: Košický and Prešovský region. First part of thesis includes general characteristics of regions, their submission to regional structure, regional differences and common signs, comparison with Western Slovakia. The next part includes short history of Slovakia, mainly Eastern Slovakia before and after origin. Methodology of my thesis is a regional analysis, mainly SWOT analysis. This is the main part of my thesis. I concentrate on Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats in each region separately. Also characterise chosen operational programs and possibilities of subvention. In conclusion my thesis there are suggestions and recommendations for regional development of the region Eastern Slovakia.

The essay deals with the options for community project funding. Its initial section identifies the most important differences between regions and principles of the regional development strategy in the Czech Republic. It also characterizes specific problems of the Ústí Region, especially the Litoměřice region, which is one of the regions enjoying the concentrated government support. The essay also characterizes the "prominent municipality of the region" and outlines a project to resolve the issues partly as well as individual activities, risky activities, a time schedule and a project budget. The following section is devoted to the analysis of selected options for municipal project funding, i.e. funding from own municipal resources, credit or subsidy funding. Final chapter of the essay suggests the most suitable method for funding of the outlined project.

This thesis is focused on the definition of localization positives and negatives of selected companies in the region in two ways -- in relation "companies affect the region" and in relation "region affect companies". Thesis is in its practice part focused on companies Linea Nivnice, a. s., Slovácké strojírny. a. s. and Česká zbrojovka, a. s. In thesis are defined possible positives and negatives across sectors and types of regions. These positives and negatives are divided into groups of "economic," social "and" environmental "aspects. Thesis contains a complex description of selected companies and the region.