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It is the aim of this thesis to discuss Martin Luther as a political philosopher of authoritarianism as revealed in his writings. Although he advocated the separation of faith and reason, Luther's political sphere includes the omnipotence and authority of God. Given this factor, the religious elements of calling, faith, and love become political manifestations. This polity effects a state in which the citizen must find spiritual and civic fulfillment within a secular existence. The possible affinity of Luther with such political philosophers as Aquinas, Machiavelli, Locke, Rousseau and Marx is briefly examined. Luther's authoritarian attitude and its implications for public and political life are his legacy to the evolution of the modern nation-state.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Agnaldo dos Santos Mota.pdf: 1042378 bytes, checksum: c256240667ce51de61e941bacfd706b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-08 / Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie / This dissertation presents a study of the theology of worship proposed by John Calvin, seeking to highlight the aspects that foster the preponderance of the community as opposed to the individuality seen in contemporary worship, and, whenever possible, pointing out the reasons why the Reformer excelled in the emphasis of the collective. The research moves between two fields of knowledge, Religious Studies and Theology. The text, in principle, focuses on the Religious Reformed Movement of the sixteenth century, describing the synthesis in Calvin s thought, especially his understanding of worship. We also make an examination of the evolution, or modification, of Calvin's theology of worship, particularly in England, Scotland and the USA, together with a comparative analysis of the Genevan Calvinist Worship and Puritan Worship, showing that the second, with its individualistic theological nuances, modified the first, and thus significantly gave special contribution to individualism seen in the liturgy of the contemporary Calvinist worship, and influenced in building the social imaginary of the followers of this branch of Calvinism and its heirs. / Essa dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre a teologia do culto proposta por João Calvino, buscando ressaltar os aspectos que salientem a preponderância da coletividade em relação a individualidade vista no culto contemporâneo, e, sempre que possível, pontuando as razões pelas quais o reformador primou por enfase no coletivo. A pesquisa transita entre dois campos do conhecimento, o das ciências da religião e o da teologia. O texto, em princípio, retroage ao movimento de Reforma do século XVI, definindo em Calvino a síntese do pensamento reformado, especialmente seu entendimento de culto. Também é feito um exame sobre a evolução, e modificação, da teologia do culto de Calvino, particularmente na Inglaterra, Escócia e EUA. Faz-se, também, uma analise comparativa dos cultos calvinistas puritano e genebrino, mostrando que o primeiro, com suas nuances teológicas individualistas, modificou o segundo e, assim, contribiu significativamente para o individualismo visto na liturgia do culto calvinista contemporâneo, bem como influenciou na construção do imaginário social dos seguidores desse ramo do calvinismo e dos seus herdeiros.