Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2008 Jun 1

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas Christian University, 2007. / Title from dissertation title page (viewed May. 15, 2007). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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In the fall of 2008, after careful review of academic performance data collected from a predominantly White community college in southeastern Pennsylvania, African-American males testing into remedial courses were found to be the most at-risk population enrolled. To address the achievement gap its African-American males were facing, the College involved in this study turned to mentoring to increase these students' academic success rates. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of mentoring on African-American males who tested into remedial courses at the aforementioned predominantly White community college. This study utilized quantitative analyses of academic and demographic data, and an on-line survey to gain an in-depth understanding of the impact mentoring had on academic performance, persistence, and the student experience. In addition, an on-line survey for mentors was administered to examine the impact of mentoring on mentors' perceptions of African-American males. The study included 1,046 mentored, and non-mentored, African-American male community college students needing remediation in Math, English or Reading, and 40 mentors. The on-line surveys were completed by 194 of the 1,046 African-American male students involved in the study, and 40 out of 48 mentors who served in the college's Minority Male Mentoring Program (MMMP). Findings from the study revealed that students participating in (MMMP) attempted and completed more credits, and had higher cumulative grade point averages. The MMMP students also realized significantly higher persistence rates than non-mentored students. The perception of campus climate was positive, but there was no significant difference in attitude or experience between MMMP and Non-MMMP students. Lastly, the study found that participating in mentoring positively influenced mentors' perceptions of African-American male mentees. / Educational Administration

Rates of in-coming college students in need of academic remediation are on the rise, for both community college and four-year colleges. Consequently, many of these students will be required to enroll in some level of academic remediation in reading, writing and/or math to develop the basic skills necessary for student success in college-level courses. Poor completion rates in remedial courses and the limited progression by remedial students to enter advanced college-level study make these students more "at-risk" for course failure and subsequent college drop-out. This study is designed to help educators and college administrators understand the cognitive and non-cognitive factors of academic achievement as they develop educational programs that that involve community college students in remediation. This study examines the various factors most associated with academic achievement for community college students in remedial English classes. The predictor variables were categorized into three groups: demographic, psychological and academic aptitude. The relationship between academic achievement and the predictor variables was investigated through self-reported data provided by 395 remedial-level students from a community college in the Northeastern United States. The self-report data were gathered through a questionnaire that contained a combination of sub-scales from standardized instruments. Additional data, such as, official final course grade and Accuplacer pre and post-test scores, matriculation status and degree program were provided by the community college involved in this study. To determine which variables are most predictive of academic success, independent-samples-t-tests and binary logistic regressions were conducted on all the significant demographic, achievement and psychological predictor variables. Results of this study suggest that the Accuplacer reading pre-test scores are the only predictor of academic success in remedial-level College writing, whereas, decreased levels of school engagement and self-doubt, student-predicted final course grade, race and Accuplacer pre-test reading scores predict academic success for remedial reading students. Additionally, this study revealed that students who completed the remedial-course had increased Accuplacer reading scores which demonstrated significant improvement in reading comprehension. However, African-American students performed lower than all other racial groups on this assessment and illustrated the Matthew effect, or a widening of the achievement gap. It is important to acknowledge that this sample deviates significantly from what is expected at both the traditional four-year and community college. This study captured a very large sample of African American students (48%) and other minority groups (32%) in remedial education at a community college. It is likely that the factors that affect academic achievement in this group are very different from what has been previously investigated among a more traditional college population. In light of the evidence presented in this research, higher education administrators, educators and researchers must be aware of the differences that exist between remedial-level students in reading and writing courses. Results from this study can inform students, parents, educators and higher education administrators about the factors most associated with academic success in remedial-English courses at community colleges. These findings could also be used to inform, and provide support for, the development of new student services procedures designed to help incoming and at-risk students achieve success. / Educational Psychology

Problems with students’ performance in Mathematics at tertiary level are common in South Africa − as it is worldwide. Pass rates at the university of technology where the researcher is a lecturer, are only about 50%. At many universities it has become common practice to refer students who do not have a reasonable chance to succeed at university level, for additional support to try to rectify this situation. However, the question is which students need such support? Because the Grade 12 marks are often not perceived as dependable, it has become common practice at universities to re-test students by way of an entrance exam or the "National Benchmark Test"- project. The question arises whether such re-testing is necessary, since it costs time and money and practical issues make it difficult to complete timeously. Many factors have an influence on performance in Mathematics. School-level factors include articulation of the curriculum at different levels, insufficiently qualified teachers, not enough teaching time and language problems. However, these factors also affect performance in most other subjects, but it is Mathematics and other subjects based on Mathematics that are generally more problematic. Therefore this study focused on the unique properties of the subject Mathematics. The determining role of prior knowledge, the step-by-step development of mathematical thinking, and conative factors such as motivation and perseverance were explored. Based on the belief that these factors would already have been reflected sufficiently in the Grade 12 marks, the correlation between the marks for Mathematics in Grade 12 and the Mathematics marks at tertiary level was investigated to assess whether it was strong enough for the marks in Grade 12 Mathematics to be used as a reliable predictor of success or failure at university level. It was found that the correlation between the marks for Mathematics Grade 12 and Mathematics I especially, was strong (r = 0,61). The Mathematics marks for Grade 12 and those for Mathematics II produced a correlation coefficient of rs = 0,52. It also became apparent that failure in particular could be predicted fairly accurately on the basis of the Grade 12 marks for Mathematics. No student with a Grade 12 Mathematics mark below 60% succeeded in completing Mathematics I and II in the prescribed two semesters, and only about 11% successfully completed it after one repetition. The conclusion was that the reliability of the prediction based on the marks for Grade 12 Mathematics was sufficient to refer students with a mark of less than 60% to receive some form of additional support. / MEd, Learning and Teaching, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

This study conceptualized remedial education as an attrition process in which students either progress onto the next stage or they do not, and had a particular emphasis on how age affects students’ remedial path. The purpose of this quantitative study was twofold. The researcher first sought to understand the points at which students fail to progress within the remedial math process (enrollment in remedial coursework, completion of the remedial sequence, enrollment in a college-level course, and passing the college-level course), and to statistically model the pre- and post-college entry predictors of that attrition among first-time, associate degree-seeking students referred to remedial math in community colleges in Louisiana. The study also had a particular focus upon the effect age has on students’ ability to successfully remediate. Longitudinal, student-level data from ten community colleges in Louisiana were used for the analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was utilized to answer the research questions. Results showed the first step in the remedial process (enrolling in a remedial math course) to be the greatest attrition point, with 88.2% of students failing to enroll in a remedial math class. Gender, high school GPA, age, full-time enrollment, and college GPA were found to be significant predictors of remedial math course enrollment. In terms of the second step (enrollment in a college-level math course), age, extent of remedial math need, unmet financial need, high school GPA, and college GPA were found to be significant predictors. By the third step (enrollment in a college-level math course) and fourth step (passing, with a grade of C or better, a college-level math course), the significant covariates narrowed to extent of remedial math need and college GPA, respectively. With regards to age, this study’s findings reveal that age matters during the first two stages of remediation (enrollment in a remedial math course and completion of the remedial math sequence). Specifically, age decreases the likelihood of enrolling in a remedial math course but increases the likelihood of completing the remedial math sequence.

Thesis advisor: Laura M. O'Dwyer / Students who take postsecondary remedial courses graduate from college at lower rates than other students, but the relationship between remedial education and college outcomes is not well understood. This study analyzes the association between remediation and the odds of degree attainment in two- and four-year colleges, after controlling for other student and institutional factors related to persistence. Using generalized multilevel mixed modeling, it examines variation in these relationships across institutional contexts. Data are drawn from the Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (2004/2009), a nationally representative sample that tracked students through interviews and transcript data for six years from their first enrollment. Additional institutional variables are incorporated from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Comparisons are made among remedial course subjects, higher and lower numbers of remedial courses taken, and different postsecondary credentials. For students who first enroll at a four-year college, this analysis finds that remediation has a negative association with completing a Bachelor's degree or higher, particularly among students who take remedial Mathematics or three or more remedial classes. While students at two-year institutions who take three or more remedial courses have lower odds of completing a certificate or Bachelor's degree, English as a Second Language coursework emerges as a positive factor for Bachelor's attainment in this population. By contrast, remediation has a positive relationship with attaining an Associate's degree but no higher for two-year college students. This relationship varies significantly across two-year institutions, but institutional factors are not predictive of the variation. No other significant cross-college variation is found in the relationships between remedial variables and outcomes. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement and Evaluation.

nÃo hà / Esta tese buscou compreender mediante a perspectiva da heterotopia e da educaÃÃo corretiva, como foi configurada a prÃtica educativa, realizada atravÃs de correÃÃo e moralizaÃÃo apreendidas pelas moÃas-mÃes solteiras, na cidade de Fortaleza, quando recolhidas à instituiÃÃo criada para este fim denominada Instituto Bom Pastor. Essa entidade realizava trabalhos filantrÃpicos e era dirigida pelas religiosas da CongregaÃÃo de Nossa Senhora da Caridade do Bom Pastor. Tinha como missÃo abrigar jovens solteiras que incorriam no ato de engravidar sem o casamento. Pela carÃncia de fontes escritas, recorremos Ãs narrativas de Francisca Maria dos Santos (Dona Chiquinha) sobre o perÃodo que fora interna e cozinheira na referida instituiÃÃo. A sua histÃria de vida à considerada nesta pesquisa a principal fonte de investigaÃÃo sobre o Instituto Bom Pastor. Os termos âcorreÃÃo e moralizaÃÃoâ sÃo entendidos neste estudo como o aprendido que visa a ser praticado, e que à inculcado no comportamento das pessoas. A ideia do poder sobre si exercido a partir do interior à importante para a compreensÃo das prÃticas educativas, iniciadas em Fortaleza, a partir da segunda metade do sÃculo XIX e que, de certa forma, em muitas dessas instituiÃÃes, perduraria apÃs a II Guerra Mundial. à por isso que considero o Instituto Bom Pastor como lugar onde se desenvolve uma Heterotopia (aglutinaÃÃo de hetero = outro + topia = espaÃo). Foucault usa o termo heterotopia para descrever espaÃos que tÃm mÃltiplas camadas de significaÃÃo ou de relaÃÃes a outros lugares e cuja complexidade nÃo pode ser vista imediatamente. Neste caso, utilizo o conceito de heterotopia de desvio e de purificaÃÃo, entendida como espaÃo que estÃo isolados e impenetrÃveis ao pÃblico sem permissÃo, usados para a purificaÃÃo, seja por motivos religiosos, corretivos ou higiÃnicos. / This thesis seeks to understand through the perspective of heterotopia and remedial education, as set educational practice, performed by correcting and moralizing seized by single women-mothers, in Fortaleza, collected when the institution created for this purpose called Good Institute pastor. This entity performed charity work and was directed by the religious of the Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd. Mission was to house single young people that bore the act of getting pregnant without marriage. By the lack of written sources, resort to narratives of Maria Francisca Santos (Dona Chiquinha) over the period out internal and cook in that institution. His life story is considered in this research the main source of research on the Good Shepherd Institute. The terms "correction and moralization" are understood as learned in this study that aims to be practiced, and that is instilled in people's behavior. The idea of power exercised over themselves from the inside is important for the understanding of educational practices, initiated in Fortaleza, from the second half of the nineteenth century and, in some ways, in many of these institutions would endure after World War II . That is why I consider the Good Shepherd Institute as a place where one develops a heterotopia (agglutination hetero = other + topia = space). Foucault uses the term heterotopia to describe spaces that have multiple layers of meaning or relationships to other places and whose complexity can not be seen immediately. In this case, I use the concept of heterotopia of deviance and purification, understood as a space that is isolated and impenetrable to the public without permission, used for purification, whether for religious, remedial or hygienic reasons.