The main focus of the present diploma thesis are the energy policies of Germany and the United Kingdom. In the thesis, a comparative analysis of both countries' policies is carried out, focusing on their progress towards a low carbon energy sector and on the fullfillment of their respective climate pledges, such as the share of renewable sources of electricity and total emissions. The scope of the thesis is narrowed down to include above all the electricity sector and the technologies that help to reduce the energy intensity of the energy sector. The central part of the text is descriptive, comparing both the general outlines of the respective policies and the policy instruments used. The thesis largely follows the logic of comparing the different approaches to the main energy sources (nuclear, renewable, natural gas) and in part also deals with other important phenomena: CCS and EU ETS. The choice of relevant indicators and the evaluation of trends is an integral part of the thesis. The secondary goal is to attempt an evaluation of the individual instruments and policies. Among the conclusions, the following stands out: 1/ the relative success of the German nuclear phaseout as concerns supply security and the simultaneous risks it brings concerning the total emissions from energy; 2/ the relative...

With the increasing share of variable renewable generation, balancing electric powersystems could become a major concern for system operators because of their variableand hardly predictable nature. However, gas technologies appear as a solutionto provide this flexibility, but the impacts on the gas power system have hardly beeninvestigated. In this thesis, consulting reports on the subject matter, regulator suggestions andgas-electricity interaction models in scientific literature are studied and four sourcesare identified to be used for balancing: linepack, storage facilities, liquefied natural gasand intraday gas supply from adjacent areas. Then, a gas-electricity model for flexibility supply is designed and three case studies are simulated in order to analyze bothgas and electric power systems’ behaviors. In these case studies, electricity generation,contribution of gas sources and costs are analysed. The study concludes that critical situations on gas market that can occur, e.g. incases of large variation in the net electricity demand and limited availability of linepackand storage facilities, the need of intraday modulation can exceed the possibilities toprovide for it. Then, gas cannot be supplied to power plants during peak periods, andmore gas than necessary is used during off-peak periods. The case studies also showthat day-ahead forecast errors in variable renewable generation can be handled mucheasier than variations by the gas system but leads to higher costs.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaimundoPAN_DISSERT.pdf: 2435889 bytes, checksum: ed3710cb220189ae12e49e97f5125f78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The object of this study involves the eolian energy and the scenario the training of wind pole in Rio Grande do Norte. The aim is to investigate how far the implementation of the potiguar eolian pole may represent a regional development policy with real change in the structure of the traditional local productive base. About the interaction between the public and private to development of the local eolian activity, the hypothesis is that there is no coordination between the sectors responsible for eolian activity in the state. The theoretical approach follows the developmental current and theory of growth poles, and methodology adopted is a search of exploratory and documentary, with analysis of relevant documents on the subject. As a result of the study it was found that owing to the fragility of the productive structure potiguar and imbalances produced by the concentration of capital in the Northeast, the eolian activity in the state, needs a greater state-owned intervention to ensure a basis of development based on the study and strengthening local productive chain / O objeto do presente estudo envolve a energia e?lica e o cen?rio da forma??o do p?lo e?lico no Rio Grande do Norte. O objetivo ? investigar at? onde a implanta??o do p?lo e?lico potiguar pode representar uma pol?tica de desenvolvimento regional com real mudan?a na estrutura da tradicional base produtiva local. Acerca da intera??o entre o p?blico e o privado para o desenvolvimento da atividade e?lica local, a hip?tese ? a de que n?o h? articula??o entre os setores respons?veis pela atividade e?lica do estado. O referencial te?rico adotado segue a ?gide desenvolvimentista e a teoria dos p?los de crescimento, e a metodologia adotada ? uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica de cunho explorat?rio e documental, com an?lise de documentos pertinentes sobre o tema. Como resultado do estudo verificou-se que em virtude da fragilidade da estrutura produtiva potiguar e dos desequil?brios apresentados pela concentra??o de capital no Nordeste, a atividade e?lica no estado carece de uma maior interven??o estatal no sentido de assegurar uma base de desenvolvimento pautada no estudo e fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva local