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<p> The Burgess concentric zone model was assessed using census data for Chicago community areas in 1940. Burgess' model implies that the lower-income residents live in the center of the city while upper-income residents live on the periphery of the city. Using occupation as a determinant of socio-economic status, location quotients were calculated to determine patterns of residential differientiation. It was found that upper-income residents did indeed reside in the peripheral areas of the city, but they also lived near the central business district. The lakefront amenities were the primary reason for this residential pattern. Many low income residents lived near the center of the city, but many were also found to live in the suburbs due to industrial decentralization. Thus, the lakefront amenities and the suburban industries are the primary causes of the distortion of the Burgess model. However, this distortion does not suggest the Burgess zonal hypothesis is inaccurate. The discrepancies may be attributable to the uneven growth of cities through the "filtering" process. </p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

<p> This research identifies the socio-economic, demographic and ethnic composition changes that have occurred within the City of Hamilton from 1961 to 1981. Within this twenty-year time period, Hamilton has undergone growth, downtown renewal and gentrification. A statistical analysis of census data shows the extent to which these changes are reflected in the recent evolution of the socio-demographic structure of Hamilton.</p> <p> A factor analysis was performed on the data for each of the census years: 1961, 1971 and 1981. The factor scores were mapped to show the spatial distribution of socio-economic status, family status and ethnic composition. In general, the distributions conformed to the classical sectoral, zonal, and multiple nuclei models. The results revealed two areas where changes on these dimensions were most significant: the inner city and the Hamilton mountain.</p> </p> Statistical tests confirmed these changes. A significant increase in socio-economic status for the inner city area was observed in the period (1971-1981) following the renewal and gentrification. The mountain area retained its high family status throughout the twenty year time period, and ethnic composition became more dispersed throughout the city.</p> / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

Since the fall of communism, some crucial political, economic and social changes have been taking place in the former communist societies. The objective of the thesis is to examine the processes of residential differentiation taking place in the urban landscape of the Polish city of Gdańsk after the introduction of the capitalist system. The focus is on different forms of residential differentiation and the social, economic and historical factors behind these forms. The empirical material that forms the basis of the thesis consists of interviews, newspaper articles, a questionnaire, official (national and local) reports and documents. Study I examines the way in which different social, economic, historical and physical conditions coincide in the formation of space and the processes of decline in the period of transformation in Poland. The focus lies on a specific residential area in the center of Gdańsk and the lack of improvements in this particular area, which would stop its successive decline. Study II explains the emergence of gated communities in the post-communist urban context and discusses the reasons for their increasing numbers and popularity. The main argument is that the popularity of gated communities is tightly intertwined with the communist past, emerging in reaction to the housing conditions that prevailed under communism. Study III investigates how social class markers are constructed in the discourse on gated communities in post-socialist Poland. The “new” capitalistic system, with its inherent social divisions, is described in the discourse as creating demands for “new” forms of housing, where gates function as separators, protectors and class identifiers. Study IV concentrates on the support for the formation of gated communities in the legal and regulatory framework in Poland since 1989. The paper asserts that the outcome of liberal politics and legal regulation in the country is the neglect of spatial planning and imprecise urban policies. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Submitted.</p>