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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

UTILIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS E REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS PARA O RECONHECIMENTO DE ÍNDICES DE SEVERIDADE DA FERRUGEM ASIÁTICA DA SOJA

Melo, Geisla de Albuquerque 25 May 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:19:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo, Geisla Albuquerque.pdf: 2986772 bytes, checksum: 02494f1ef68a9df48a1184c0a3e81dce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / According to Embrapa (2013), Brazil is the world's second largest soy producer just after the United States. Season after season, the production and planted area in Brazil is growing, however, climatic factors and crop diseases are affecting plantation, preventing further growth, and causing losses to farmers. Asian rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a foliar disease, considered one of the most important diseases at present, because of the potential for loss. Asian rust can be mistaken for other diseases in soybeans, such as Bacterial Blight, a Stain Brown and Bacterial Pustule, due to similar visual appearances. Thus, the present study aimed to develop an application for mobile devices using the Android platform to perform automatic recognition of the Asian soybean rust severity indices to assist in the early diagnosis and therefore assist in decision-making as the management and control of the disease. For this, was used techniques of digital image processing (DIP) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). First, around 3.000 soybean leaves were collected in the field, where about 2.000 were harnessed. Then it were separated by severity index, photographed in a controlled environment, and after that were processed in order to eliminate noise and background images. Filtering preprocessing phase consisted of median filter, Gaussian filter processing for gray scale, Canny edge detector, expansion, find and drawcontours, and finally the cut of leaf. After this was extracted color and texture features of the images, which were the average R, G and B Variant also for the three channels R, G and B according angular momentum, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, and finally correlation the severity degree previously known. With these data, the training was performed an ANN through the neural network simulator BrNeural. During training, parameters such as number of severity levels and number of neurons of the hidden layer have changed. After training, was chosen network architecture that gave better results, with 78.86% accuracy for Resilient-propagation algorithm. This network was saved in an object and inserted into the application, ready to be used with new data. Thus, the application takes the soybean leaf picture and filters the acquired image. After this, it extracts the features and commands internally to the trained neural network, which analyzes and reports the severity. Still, it is optionally possible to see a georeferenced map of the property, with the severities identified by small colored squares, each representing a different index. / Segundo a Embrapa (2013), o Brasil é o segundo maior produtor de soja do mundo, atrás apenas nos Estados Unidos. Safra após safra, a produção e a área plantada do Brasil vem crescendo, entretanto, fatores climáticos e doenças da cultura vêm afetando as lavouras, impedindo um crescimento ainda maior, e causando perdas para os agricultores. A ferrugem asiática, causada pelo fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi, é uma doença foliar, considerada uma das doenças de maior importância na atualidade, devido ao grande potencial de perdas. A ferrugem asiática pode ser confundida com outras doenças na soja, como o Crestamento Bacteriano, a Mancha Parda e a Pústula Bacteriana, devido às aparências visuais semelhantes. Deste modo, O presente estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis que utilizam a plataforma Android, para realizar o reconhecimento automático dos índices de severidade da ferrugem asiática da soja, para auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce e por consequência, auxiliar na tomada de decisão quanto ao manejo e controle da doença. Para isto, foram utilizadas técnicas de Processamento Digital de Imagens (PDI) e Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA). Primeiramente, foram coletadas aproximadamente 3 mil folhas de soja em campo, onde cerca de 2 mil foram aproveitadas. Então elas foram separadas por índices de severidade, fotografadas em ambiente controlado, e após isto foram processadas com o objetivo de eliminar ruídos e o fundo das imagens. A fase de filtragem do pré-processamento consistiu nos filtros da mediana, filtro Gaussiano, transformação para escala de cinza, detector de bordas Canny, dilatação, find e drawcontours, e por fim o recorte da folha. Após isto, foram extraídas as características de cor e textura das imagens, que foram as médias R, G e B, Variância também para os três canais R, G e B, Segundo Momento Angular, Entropia, Contraste, Homogeneidade, Correlação e por fim, o Grau de Severidade previamente sabido. Com estes dados, foi realizado o treinamento de uma RNA através do simulador de redes neurais BrNeural. Durante o treinamento, parâmetros como quantidade de níveis de severidade e quantidade de neurônios da camada oculta foram alterados. Após o treinamento, foi escolhida a arquitetura de rede que deu melhor resultado, com 78,86% de acerto para o algoritmo Resilient-propagation. Esta rede foi salva em um objeto e inserida no aplicativo, pronta para ser utilizada com dados novos. Assim, o aplicativo tira a foto da folha de soja e faz a filtragem da imagem adquirida. Após isto, extrai as características e manda internamente para a rede neural treinada, que analisa e informa a severidade. Ainda, opcionalmente é possível ver um mapa georreferenciado da propriedade, com as severidades identificadas por pequenos quadrados coloridos, representando cada um, um índice diferente.
52

Use of Recycled Asphalt

Ayanda Thembeka Ncube (10783554) 12 May 2021 (has links)
<p>The term Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is used to designate a material obtained from the removal of pavement materials. RAP is used across the US in multiple applications, largely on asphalt pavement layers. RAP can be described as a uniform granular non-plastic material, with a very low percentage of fines. It is formed by aggregate coated with a thin layer of asphalt. It is often used mixed with other granular materials. The addition of RAP to aggregates decreases the maximum dry unit weight of the mixture and decreases the optimum water content. It also increases the Resilient Modulus of the blend, but decreases permeability. RAP can be used safely, as it does not pose any environmental concerns. The most important disadvantage of RAP is that it displays significant creep. It seems that this is caused by the presence of the asphaltic layer coating the aggregate. Creep increases with pressure and with temperature, and decreases with the degree of compaction. Creep can be mitigated by either blending RAP with aggregate or by stabilization with chemical compounds. Fly ash and cement have shown to decrease, albeit not eliminate, the amount of creep. Mechanical stabilizing agents such as geotextiles may also be used.</p><p><br></p><p><br></p>
53

A programme to enhance resilience in families in which a child has a hearing loss

Ahlert, Ingrid Anita 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DPhil (Psychology))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify and enhance specific resilience qualities that help protect and support families in overcoming the adversity of having a child with a hearing impairment. The study was divided into two phases, namely (a) the descriptive phase, which aimed to identify and explore the resilience qualities that foster better adaptation in these families and (b) the intervention phase, which aimed to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention programme that enhances the utilisation of social support, one important resilience quality identified in the descriptive phase of the study. The study was essentially exploratory and descriptive in nature and was directed at developing scientific knowledge and theory in the field of family resilience. Using the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) as the theoretical framework, the resilience process was mapped in terms of stressors, risk and protective factors, and family adaptation. The 54 participating families in the descriptive phase were identified according to the nature of the crisis (hearing impairment) and the developmental phase of the family. The participants were obtained by means of a non-probability, purposive sampling procedure and were drawn from the black, coloured and white cultural subgroups residing in the Western Cape, South Africa. Both quantitative and qualitative measures were used for data collection. The results were analysed predominantly according to correlation and regression analyses techniques, while the qualitative data was categorised according to themes and frequencies. Results showed that family time and routine, social support, affirming communication, family hardiness, problem-solving skills, religion, a search for meaning and accepting the disability were factors promoting resilience in these families. A randomised pretest-posttest control group design was applied in the intervention phase of the study. The 31 participants were identified in the initial phase of the study and belonged to the coloured cultural subgroup. Data was again collected using quantitative and qualitative measures and was analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance and grounded theory analysis. The results did not indicate a statistically significant change in the utilisation of social support following the implementation of the workshop. The qualitative data, however, highlighted that the participants reported greater support from the immediate and extended family, increased family time and routine, as well as improved communication and problem-solving skills following the workshop. The study generally offers valuable knowledge that can be incorporated in psychological and social training programmes, preventative community interventions and therapeutic settings. The positive and pragmatic approach adopted in the study ensures that families are empowered by bringing them hope, helping them develop new competencies and building mutual support. The study has opened various new avenues for future research in the field of family resilience and hearing impairment. / OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om spesifieke veerkragtigheidskwaliteite te identifiseer en versterk wat gesinne met ’n kind met ‘n gehoorgestremdheid teen teenspoed beskerm en ondersteun. Die studie is in twee verdeel, naamlik (a) die beskrywende fase, met die doel om die veerkragtigheidskwaliteite wat beter aanpassing in hierdie gesinne gekweek het, te identifiseer en ondersoek, en (b) die intervensiefase, met die doel om ’n intervensieprogram te ontwikkel, implementeer en evalueer wat die gebruik van sosiale ondersteuning, een van die belangrike veerkragtigheidskwaliteite wat in die beskrywende fase van die studie geïdentifiseer is, te verhoog. Die studie was in wese ondersoekend en beskrywend van aard en daarop gerig om wetenskaplike kennis en teorie in die veld van gesinsveerkragtigheid te ontwikkel. Met die gebruik van die Veerkragtigheidsmodel van Gesinspanning, Verstelling en Aanpassing (Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation) (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) as teoretiese raamwerk, is die veerkragtigheidsproses uitgestippel in terme van die oorsake van die spanning, risiko- en beskermende faktore, en gesinsaanpassing. Die 54 gesinne wat aan die beskrywende fase deelgeneem het, is op grond van die aard van die krisis (gehoorgestremdheid) asook die ontwikkelingsfase van die gesin geïdentifiseer. Die deelnemers is deur middel van ’n doelgerigte nie-waarskynlikheidsteekproefnemingsprosedure verwerf vanuit swart, kleurling en blanke gesinne wat in die Wes-Kaap, Suid- Afrika woon. Beide kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metings is vir data-insameling gebruik. Die resultate is hoofsaaklik aan die hand van korrelasie- en regressieontledingstegnieke geanaliseer, terwyl die kwalitatiewe data volgens temas en frekwensies gekategoriseer is. Die resultate het getoon dat gesinstyd en -roetine, sosiale ondersteuning, bevestigende kommunikasie, gesinsgehardheid, probleemoplossings-vaardighede, geloof, ’n soeke na betekenis en die aanvaarding van die gestremdheid faktore was wat die veerkragtigheid van hierdie gesinne bevorder het. ’n Ewekansige voor- en natoets kontrolegroep-ontwerp is tydens die intervensiefase van die studie toegepas. Die 31 deelnemers is tydens die aanvanklike fase van die studie geïdentifiseer en behoort tot die kleurling kulturele groep. Data is weereens deur middel van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metings ingesamel en is aan die hand van herhaalde metingsvariansieontleding en gegronde teorie-analise geanaliseer. Die resultate het geen statisties beduidende verskil in die gebruik van sosiale ondersteuning ná die implementering van die werkswinkel getoon nie. Die kwalitatiewe data het egter beklemtoon dat deelnemers ná die werkswinkel meer ondersteuning van hulle onmiddellike en uitgebreide familie geniet het, sowel as meer gesinstyd en -roetine, verbeterde kommunikasie en probleemoplossingsvaardighede. Oor die algemeen bied die studie waardevolle kennis wat by sielkundige en sosiale opleidingsprogramme, voorkomende gemeenskapsingryping en in terapeutiese raamwerke ingelyf kan word. Die positiewe en pragmatiese benadering in die studie verseker dat gesinne bemagtig word deur hulle hoop te bied, nuwe bekwaamhede te help ontwikkel en wedersydse ondersteuning op te bou. Die studie het talle nuwe weë vir toekomstige navorsing op die gebied van gesinsveerkragtigheid en gehoorgestremdheid gebaan.
54

Global Resource Utilization for Synergetic Wireless Sensor Networks

Oteafy, Sharief M. A. 28 August 2013 (has links)
In a domain with diverse multi-disciplinary views of what a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is, tracking progress and developing efficient WSNs is inherently a complex process. The main motivation of this work is advancing state-of-the-art WSNs by adaptively utilizing their components, and enlisting the utility of resources in network vicinity. As WSNs increase in density and expand in scale, we continue to witness an increase in overlapped deployments that serve independent applications. In most scenarios, new networks are deployed for new applications without considering previous or neighboring WSNs. This thesis presents the resource reuse (RR-WSN) paradigm. Adopting a generic framework for resource utilization, we achieve synergy between heterogeneous sensing systems. We abstract the view of a WSN in terms of functional capabilities, and offer a component-based view to boost sensor node (SN) potential and contribution to WSN operation. Thus SNs provide resources. On the other hand, we formally derive a set of functional requirements per application. The design and deployment of WSNs thus converges to an optimal assignment of functional requirements to resources. Two mainstream designs of WSNs are addressed in this thesis. The first involves WSNs with static deployments of nodes, whereby multiple applications run on networks in a given vicinity, yet the resources and applications share an owner (e.g., on a University Campus). We then present a Binary Integer Programming formulation to find the optimal assignment of resources to these functional requirements, while minimizing the energy impact of running each functional request. We further extend our scope to include WSNs that depend on transient nodes, such as smartphones, in a dynamic (DRR-WSN) paradigm, which could contribute significantly to the resource pool. Intuitively, multiple-owners are involved as resource providers and require different applications. Thus, we address the valuation of resources as they are shared across network owners. We finally present a maximal matching problem of finding the lowest cost for running each application, based on the available resource pool in the vicinity required. Extensive performance evaluation depicts the impact of RR-WSN design on WSN operation and longevity in various scenarios. / Thesis (Ph.D, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2013-08-27 04:44:14.556
55

Research and developments of Dirac video codec

Tun, Myo January 2008 (has links)
In digital video compression, apart from storage, successful transmission of the compressed video data over the bandwidth limited erroneous channels is another important issue. To enable a video codec for broadcasting application, it is required to implement the corresponding coding tools (e.g. error-resilient coding, rate control etc.). They are normally non-normative parts of a video codec and hence their specifications are not defined in the standard. In Dirac as well, the original codec is optimized for storage purpose only and so, several non-normative part of the encoding tools are still required in order to be able to use in other types of application. Being the "Research and Developments of the Dirac Video Codec" as the research title, phase I of the project is mainly focused on the error-resilient transmission over a noisy channel. The error-resilient coding method used here is a simple and low complex coding scheme which provides the error-resilient transmission of the compressed video bitstream of Dirac video encoder over the packet erasure wired network. The scheme combines source and channel coding approach where error-resilient source coding is achieved by data partitioning in the wavelet transformed domain and channel coding is achieved through the application of either Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC) Code or Turbo Code (TC) using un-equal error protection between header plus MV and data. The scheme is designed mainly for the packet-erasure channel, i.e. targeted for the Internet broadcasting application. But, for a bandwidth limited channel, it is still required to limit the amount of bits generated from the encoder depending on the available bandwidth in addition to the error-resilient coding. So, in the 2nd phase of the project, a rate control algorithm is presented. The algorithm is based upon the Quality Factor (QF) optimization method where QF of the encoded video is adaptively changing in order to achieve average bitrate which is constant over each Group of Picture (GOP). A relation between the bitrate, R and the QF, which is called Rate-QF (R-QF) model is derived in order to estimate the optimum QF of the current encoding frame for a given target bitrate, R. In some applications like video conferencing, real-time encoding and decoding with minimum delay is crucial, but, the ability to do real-time encoding/decoding is largely determined by the complexity of the encoder/decoder. As we all know that motion estimation process inside the encoder is the most time consuming stage. So, reducing the complexity of the motion estimation stage will certainly give one step closer to the real-time application. So, as a partial contribution toward realtime application, in the final phase of the research, a fast Motion Estimation (ME) strategy is designed and implemented. It is the combination of modified adaptive search plus semi-hierarchical way of motion estimation. The same strategy was implemented in both Dirac and H.264 in order to investigate its performance on different codecs. Together with this fast ME strategy, a method which is called partial cost function calculation in order to further reduce down the computational load of the cost function calculation was presented. The calculation is based upon the pre-defined set of patterns which were chosen in such a way that they have as much maximum coverage as possible over the whole block. In summary, this research work has contributed to the error-resilient transmission of compressed bitstreams of Dirac video encoder over a bandwidth limited error prone channel. In addition to this, the final phase of the research has partially contributed toward the real-time application of the Dirac video codec by implementing a fast motion estimation strategy together with partial cost function calculation idea.
56

Performance based characterization of virgin and recycled aggregate base materials

Ahmeduzzaman, Mohammad 12 September 2016 (has links)
Characterization of the effect of physical properties on the performance such as stiffness and drainage of unbound granular materials is necessary in order to incorporate them in pavement design. The stiffness, deformation and permeability behaviour of unbound granular materials are the essential design inputs for Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide as well as empirical design methods. The performance based specifications are aimed to design, and construct a durable and cost effective material throughout the design life of a pavement. However, the specification varies among jurisdiction depending on the historical or current practice, locally available materials, landform, climate and drainage. A literature review on the current unbound granular materials virgin and recycled concrete aggregate base construction specification has been carried out in this study. Resilient modulus, permanent deformation and permeability tests have been carried out on seven gradations of materials from locally available sources. Resilient modulus stiffness of unbound granular material at two different conditioning stress level have been compared in the study. The long term deformation behaviour has also been characterized from results of the permanent deformation test using shakedown approach, dissipated energy approach and a simplified approach. The results show improvement in resilient modulus and permanent deformation for the proposed specification compared to the currently used materials as a results of reduced fines content, increased crush count and inclusion of larger maximum aggregate size into the gradation. A significant effect of particle packing on permeability of granular materials have also been found, in addition to the effect of fines. / October 2016
57

Kerdockovy kódy a okolí / Kerdockovy kódy a okolí

Teplá, Kateřina January 2012 (has links)
Title: Kerdock codes and around Author: Kateřina Teplá Department: Department of algebra Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Aleš Drápal, CSc., DSc., Department of algebra Abstract: Kerdock codes form a family of nonlinear codes, that contains more codewords than any known linear code with the same parameters. The main goal of this thesis is a connection of Kerdock codes with other areas of mathematics, mainly orthogonal geometry, combinatorics and cryptogra- phy. It describes theory of symplectic and quadratic forms on vector spaces of characteristic 2 and its relationship to Kerdock codes. Then it is pro- ven, that codewords of Kerdock code of constant weight form combinatorial 3-design. Finally usage of Kerdock codes in construction of Boolean bent functions and t-resilient functions, that are basis of many cryptographic pri- mitives, is analysed. Keywords: Kerdock code, Kerdock set, t-design, resilient function 1
58

Resiliência e insucesso empresarial: um estudo exploratório sobre o comportamento resiliente e os estilos de enfrentamento do empreendedor em situações de insucesso empresarial, especificamente em casos de descontinuidade do negócio / Resilience and Business Failure - An exploratory study about the entrepreneurs resilient behavior and coping styles in failure situations, more specifically in cases of business discontinuance

Minello, Italo Fernando 28 May 2010 (has links)
A velocidade das transformações econômicas e tecnológicas no ambiente social e no mundo dos negócios exige do empreendedor capacidades cada vez mais adaptativas para que consiga manter a competitividade de seu negócio. O sucesso ou o fracasso empresarial estão condicionados à habilidade deste profissional em superar as adversidades que caracterizam o contexto dos negócios. A diversidade de enfoques teóricos sobre o sucesso traz diferentes perspectivas sobre a sobrevivência das empresas diante da realidade concorrencial do meio empresarial. Por outro lado, no que se refere ao insucesso ou fracasso empresarial, percebe-se uma carência de estudos sobre o assunto. No momento em que se relaciona o comportamento do empreendedor diante desse insucesso, suas características comportamentais, seus estilos de enfrentamento, sua capacidade de superar a adversidade do fracasso, maior ainda é a carência de pesquisas sobre o tema. Essa capacidade de superação evidencia o grau de resiliência do empreendedor diante do insucesso e está relacionada aos estilos de enfrentamento que o empreendedor adota. Em função disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento resiliente e os estilos de enfrentamento dos empreendedores em situações de insucesso empresarial, especificamente em casos de descontinuidade do negócio. Para isso, treze empreendedores que vivenciaram a descontinuidade do seu negócio foram entrevistados. Os relatos permitiram um processo de análise e de comparação entre as características comportamentais dos mesmos antes, durante e depois da descontinuidade do negócio. A partir das transcrições das entrevistas aplicou-se a Escala de Funcionamento Defensivo (EFD) na linha do tempo da pesquisa, antes, durante e depois da descontinuidade do negócio, o que permitiu a caracterização dos comportamentos dos empreendedores em cada momento. Juntamente com a EFD, aplicou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdos para a análise das categorias a priori e não a priori definidas para o estudo. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram identificar aspectos comportamentais dos empreendedores entrevistados, bem como evidenciar variáveis que influenciaram diretamente na capacidade de superação e no comportamento resiliente do empreendedor diante do fracasso. Antes da descontinuidade do negócio, os estilos de enfrentamento mais utilizados indicam que eles agiram sem pensar e sem planejar, eram onipotentes, acreditavam que poderiam transpor qualquer obstáculo e se achavam melhores que os outros. Durante a descontinuidade do negócio, a ideação suicida e a identificação projetiva foram evidências significativas. Depois da descontinuidade do negócio, o comportamento dos empreendedores caracterizou-se pela utilização de estilos mais adaptativos, como a auto-observação, o humor e a afiliação. Constatou-se que a onipotência voltou a ser significativa nesse momento, o que indica similitude com as características de autoconfinaça e autoestima, características de empreendedor e do comportamento resiliente, respectivamente. Constatou-se, também, que o apoio familiar ou de outras pessoas, como amigos ou colegas de trabalho, representaram um suporte relevante para a superação do insucesso empresarial. Palavras-chave: Administração aspectos psicológicos. Comportamento resiliente. Insucesso empresarial. Empreendedor. / Given the speed of economic and technological changes in both social and business environments, the entrepreneur has been demanded to constantly nurture adaptive abilities to keep his/her business competitive, the entrepreneurial success or failure being a function of this professionals ability to overcome adversities in the business world. Although a wide range of theoretical approaches to success have developed varied perspectives on a company survival in the face of increased competition, a few studies have focused on the entrepreneurial failure. These few studies have not been able to properly investigate the entrepreneurs behavior that precedes failure, his/her behavioral characteristics, his/her coping styles and particularly his/her ability to overcome failure, a measure of the entrepreneurs resilience to failure and coping skills. Against this background, this dissertation aims to analyze entrepreneurs resilient behavior and coping styles in failure situations, more specifically in cases of business discontinuance. Building on interviews with 13 entrepreneurs that have experienced business discontinuance, this study compares and contrasts these entrepreneurs behavioral characteristics before, during and after their experience of business discontinuance. The understanding of the entrepreneurs behavior before, during and after the episodes of business discontinuance draws both on the use of a Defensive Functioning Scale (DFS) to analyze the transcribed interviews and on the content analysis technique to examine both a priori and a posteriori categories determined for this study. The results underpin entrepreneurs behavioral characteristics and point to variables directly influencing their coping styles and resilience to failure. Before business discontinuance, the most common coping styles are those consisting of acting without thinking and planning, being allegedly omnipotent, believing in the ability to overcome any obstacles and despising others. In the course of business discontinuance, the most common coping styles involve suicidal ideation and projective identification. Finally, the most common post-discontinuance coping styles involve the use of more adaptive styles, such as affiliation, auto-observation and humor. In this latter moment, alleged omnipotence is once again present, indicating similitude to characteristics of self-confidence and self-esteem, which are typical of entrepreneurship and resilience respectively. Additionally, family support and aid from friends and workmates reportedly play an important role in the entrepreneurs overcoming of business failure.
59

Analysis of Challenges in Existing Textile Retail Business for Implementing Sustainable Resilient Supply Chain

R, Rajesh, Kumar Kundu, Chanchal January 2010 (has links)
The global retail business is extremely dynamic and this brings new issues in front of us and deserves responsibilities to address those issues. The Textile Retail Business is also experiencing this change as the whole retail textile supply chain has already become globalized with the time especially in terms of sourcing of raw materials and production as well. This phenomenon has raised the questions of threats regarding sustainability and resiliency of the supply chain. Today‘s retailers are working closely with these topics in a competition basis to achieve competitive advantages in their supply chain. This dissertation aims to sketch out the possible latent challenges for which the companies prefer to work with a scattered supply chain in terms of different geographical location as it involves lot of time, transportation and risks too and it additionally disputes the total environmental and resilient approach of the supply chain and moreover to validate the inter-relation between ecological sustainability and resiliency of the supply chain. Based on the case study on two companies having different sizes but similar values towards environment which are also located in different geographical region, we have tried to find out the answers. Companies build up supply chain firstly evaluating flexibility and resiliency of their own supply chain only by considering the technology availability, quality and pricing involved with the product and then they want to be sustainable and resilient by addressing other issues. The main challenges for the companies to alter their position are the product specific characteristics, availability of know-how and the suitable process cost involved with product. It has proposed for the companies who are working with numerous supply chains located in different geographical location to do some adjustments among their nearby suppliers for a typical product on experimental basis especially providing technological and logistics support to their suppliers to attain more concrete approach towards their values that they believe. / Program: Magisterutbildning i Applied Textile Management
60

Módulo de resiliência e vida de fadiga de areia artificialmente cimentada

Venson, Guilherme Irineu January 2015 (has links)
Com o crescimento dos grandes centros urbanos e expansão da ação do homem sobre a natureza, muitos projetos de engenharia se tornam inviáveis devido a inexistência de solos que atendam as solicitações necessárias no local, elevados custos de transporte e excessivos danos ambientais. Uma das alternativas existentes é a melhoria das condições destes solos e entre as múltiplas técnicas para melhoramento encontram-se os solos artificialmente cimentados, os quais têm como uma de suas mais corriqueiras utilizações em campo a resistência a solicitações cíclicas, principalmente na construção de pavimentos, o reforço de áreas suscetíveis a sismos e a fundação de estruturas costeiras. Assim esta pesquisa estuda o comportamento cíclico de uma determinada areia artificialmente cimentada, aferindo sua resistência a compressão simples, módulo cisalhante, sucção e focando nos parâmetros módulo de resiliência e vida de fadiga e busca correlacioná-los com a razão porosidade/teor volumétrico de cimento. Para tanto, foi projetado e construído um equipamento para realização dos ensaios de fadiga e calibrado outro equipamento já existente para execução de ensaios de módulo de resiliência conforme a norma vigente. Em conjunto com os resultados dos ensaios, são apresentadas uma relação de previsão do módulo com base no modelo composto de estado de tensões e correlações satisfatórias dos parâmetros cíclicos obtidos com a razão porosidade/teor volumétrico de cimento, comprovando a possibilidade de seu uso na previsão do comportamento e dosagem deste solo-cimento. / With the growth of large urban centers and expansion of human activities, many engineering projects become infeasible due to the absence of soils that meet the necessary requests on site, high transportation costs and excessive environmental damage. One of the alternatives is to improve the conditions of these soils and, among multiple improvement techniques, the artificially cemented soil is highlighted. This practice has one of its most usual applications on the field to improve materials strength to cyclic loads, especially in pavement designs, reinforcement of areas susceptible to earthquakes and foundations of coastal structures. This research studies the cyclic behavior of a artificially cemented sand, checking its compressive strength, shear modulus, suction and focusing on the resilient modulus and fatigue life parameters. Additionally it seeks to correlate them with the porosity/volumetric cement content ratio. To this end it was designed and built a device for carrying out the fatigue tests and calibrated another existing equipment to run resilient modulus tests according to current standards. Along with the tests results, a modulus prediction relationship is shown based on the composite model of stress state and good correlations of cyclic parameters obtained with the porosity/volumetric content of cement ratio are observed proving the possibility of its use for predicting behavior and dosage of this soil-cement.

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