A major cause for dental resin composite restoration replacement is secondary caries attributed to Streptococcus mutans. Salivary esterases were shown to degrade resin composites. Hypothesis: S. mutans contain esterase activities that degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. Esterase activities of S. mutans were measured using synthetic substrates. Standardized specimens of resin composite (Z250), total-etch (Scotchbond-Multipurpose, SB), and self-etch (Easybond, EB) adhesives were incubated with S. mutans UA159 for up to 30 days. Quantification of a bisphenol-glycidyl-dimethacrylate (BisGMA)-derived biodegradation by-product, bishydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (BisHPPP) was performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: S. mutans were shown to contain esterase activities in levels comparable to human saliva. A trend of increasing BisHPPP release throughout the incubation period was observed for all materials and was elevated in the presence of bacteria vs. control for EB and Z250 (p<0.05) but not SB. Conclusion: biodegradation by cariogenic bacteria could compromise the resin-dentin interface and reduce the longevity of the restoration.

A major cause for dental resin composite restoration replacement is secondary caries attributed to Streptococcus mutans. Salivary esterases were shown to degrade resin composites. Hypothesis: S. mutans contain esterase activities that degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. Esterase activities of S. mutans were measured using synthetic substrates. Standardized specimens of resin composite (Z250), total-etch (Scotchbond-Multipurpose, SB), and self-etch (Easybond, EB) adhesives were incubated with S. mutans UA159 for up to 30 days. Quantification of a bisphenol-glycidyl-dimethacrylate (BisGMA)-derived biodegradation by-product, bishydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (BisHPPP) was performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: S. mutans were shown to contain esterase activities in levels comparable to human saliva. A trend of increasing BisHPPP release throughout the incubation period was observed for all materials and was elevated in the presence of bacteria vs. control for EB and Z250 (p<0.05) but not SB. Conclusion: biodegradation by cariogenic bacteria could compromise the resin-dentin interface and reduce the longevity of the restoration.

A major cause for dental resin composite restoration replacement is secondary caries attributed to Streptococcus mutans. Salivary esterases were shown to degrade resin composites. Hypothesis: S. mutans contain esterase activities that degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. Esterase activities of S. mutans were measured using synthetic substrates. Standardized specimens of resin composite (Z250), total-etch (Scotchbond-Multipurpose, SB), and self-etch (Easybond, EB) adhesives were incubated with S. mutans UA159 for up to 30 days. Quantification of a bisphenol-glycidyl-dimethacrylate (BisGMA)-derived biodegradation by-product, bishydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (BisHPPP) was performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: S. mutans were shown to contain esterase activities in levels comparable to human saliva. A trend of increasing BisHPPP release throughout the incubation period was observed for all materials and was elevated in the presence of bacteria vs. control for EB and Z250 (p<0.05) but not SB. Conclusion: biodegradation by cariogenic bacteria could compromise the resin-dentin interface and reduce the longevity of the restoration.

A major cause for dental resin composite restoration replacement is secondary caries attributed to Streptococcus mutans. Salivary esterases were shown to degrade resin composites. Hypothesis: S. mutans contain esterase activities that degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. Esterase activities of S. mutans were measured using synthetic substrates. Standardized specimens of resin composite (Z250), total-etch (Scotchbond-Multipurpose, SB), and self-etch (Easybond, EB) adhesives were incubated with S. mutans UA159 for up to 30 days. Quantification of a bisphenol-glycidyl-dimethacrylate (BisGMA)-derived biodegradation by-product, bishydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (BisHPPP) was performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: S. mutans were shown to contain esterase activities in levels comparable to human saliva. A trend of increasing BisHPPP release throughout the incubation period was observed for all materials and was elevated in the presence of bacteria vs. control for EB and Z250 (p<0.05) but not SB. Conclusion: biodegradation by cariogenic bacteria could compromise the resin-dentin interface and reduce the longevity of the restoration.

OBJECTIVES: Dental wear is considered one of the reasons for composite restorations failure. Several clinical problems may arise as result of uncontrolled wear process, including compromising masticatory function, poor aesthetics, loss of interocclusal space, teeth pain and sensitivity, and tempromandibular problems. Newly released flowable composites have been introduced to the market, that are indicated for occlusal class I and II cavity restorations. The purposes of this study are (1) to evaluate the wear resistance of newly released flowable composites against two antagonists, and compare them to universal packable composite, (2) to compare the wear properties of the two different types of antagonists, (3) to evaluate mechanical and esthetic properties, including microhardness, gloss, and surface roughness, of all resin composites and correlate it to wear characteristics of the materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: (1) Five flowable composites were used in this study: 1. Filtek Supreme Ultra Flow (3M ESPE), 2. NovaPro Flow (Nanova Biomaterials), 3. SureFil SDR Flow (Dentsply), 4. Clearfil Majesty Flow (Kuraray), and 5. G-aenial Universal Flo (GC). One universal resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal) was used as control group. 16 Specimens were prepared from each composite by injecting into aluminum molds, then divided into two groups for two types of antagonists (n=8). The first antagonist from natural enamel cusps, the other type was from feldspar ceramic block, Vitabloc Mark II. Both were standardized and polished. After mounting the antagonists in the wear-testing machine, a uniform sliding abrasion was applied up to 200k sliding cycles. Then the measurement of dry weight, wear depth and surface roughness of the specimens and the antagonist cusps were conducted at 3 different intervals, baseline, 100k, and 200k cycles. The amount of wear was determined by measuring the weight loss and calculating volume loss. One representative sample was randomly selected from each group for scanning electron microscope examination of the surface morphology. (2) 3 samples were prepared from each resin composite material for the microhardness and gloss test. The composite specimens were finishing and polishing by Buehler grinding-polishing system for four minutes each, then rinsed and ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water for 4 minutes. The surface gloss test was performed by using Novo Curve glossmeter. Five gloss readings were taken from each specimen at different locations, and the mean value was calculated and recorded as the GU reading of each specimen. The Knoop’s microhardness was measured on a MICROMET 2003 microhardness tester. Five indentations at different locations with at least 100 μm apart were performed on each specimen. The five readings were averaged to produce a single hardness value for each specimen. RESULTS: (1) In general, statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher surface roughness and higher weight loss of all resin composites when opposed by ceramic antagonists compared to the samples opposed by enamel antagonists. Among the tested resin composites, there were significant differences in regards to specimen wear depth, weight loss, volume loss, and surface roughness, regardless of the antagonist type used. Both Filtek supreme universal and Filtek supreme ultra flow groups showed significantly deeper wear compared to the other flowable materials, regardless of the antagonist type used. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in antagonist’s weight and height loss between the groups. The control group universal composite caused significantly higher weight and height loss of both antagonists. (2) The microhardness and gloss results demonstrated statistical significant differences between all the composite materials. Clearfil Majesty Flow and Filtek Supreme Universal groups exhibited a significantly higher surface gloss compared to the other materials with the exception of the Filtek Supreme Ultra Flow group. Filtek Supreme Universal group exhibited a significantly higher Knoop’s hardness compared to the other materials. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitation of this study, less weight loss and surface roughness of the flowable composites were shown when opposed by dental enamel antagonists. A significantly deeper wear was noticed on both Filtek supreme universal and flowable composites when opposed by ceramic antagonists, indicating the detrimental effect of the Feldspathic ceramic on the nanohybrid composites compared to the other nanofilled flowable composites used in the study.

Restoring both anterior and posterior teeth with resin-composite materials is now an established clinical procedure with almost universal acceptance. The clinical performance of these restorations in the patient’s mouth is determined by a number of factors including the clinical techniques involved in their placement, the patient’s oral habits, and the physical and mechanical properties of the restorative materials themselves. These materials are being increasingly used in load-bearing areas of the posterior dentition and are therefore inevitably subject to masticatory forces of varying magnitude. The success of different resin-composites in different applications is understood through their clinical performance and laboratory-based experimental evaluation.My research was divided into two parts; the first part was concerned with the examination of different types of contemporary restorative resin-composites and in the second part, I compared different methods of examination. In the first part, I investigated and compared different sets of varied types of resin-composites, such as flowable resin-composites, bulk-fill resin-composites and conventional resin-composites. Using different sets of these materials, I examined a number of properties that affect their clinical performance and durability.In the second part, I studied and compared the conventional (macroscopic) methods of investigation with nanoindentation method. Both methods were applied to examine and characterise different properties for some types of resin-composites.The flowable and the bulk-fill resin-composites exhibited satisfactory results comparable with conventional resin-composites. The properties investigated included strength properties, modulus of elasticity, hardness and viscoelastic time-dependent creep deformation. The results obtained by nanoindentation confirmed that this method of examination is a valuable experimental tool to investigate and characterise some mechanical properties of resin-composites.

Este trabalho avaliou in vitro a resistência à microtração de resinas compostas de baixa contração de polimerização em superfície dentinária após a degradação da interface adesiva. A amostra do experimento foi composta de 78 terceiros molares, sendo que 60 dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 6 grupos (n = 10) para o ensaio de microtração e 18 dentes adicionais (três dentes por grupo) foram utilizados para a análise da interface adesiva por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As variáveis de resposta quantitativas foram a resistência adesiva por meio do ensaio de microtração (Megapascal) e a classificação e cálculo dos valores percentuais dos tipos de fratura por meio de MEV. A análise estatística demonstrou que nos grupos NTC, o grupo Z250 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante com os demais grupos K e P90, sendo estes semelhantes entre si. Após a realização da termociclagem observou diminuição nos valores de resistência nos grupos estudados, sendo que o grupo Z250 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante em comparação ao grupo K e P90, que foram semelhantes entre si. A qualidade da interface adesiva por meio de MEV após o teste de microtração demonstrou que fraturas mistas foram prevalentes em todos os grupos avaliados. Em relação a interface adesiva, quando o sistema adesivo Clearfill SE Bond foi utilizado, pôde-se observar uma camada de adesivo espessa, camada híbrida e tags. No entanto, para o sistema adesivo P90, não foi possível observar camada híbrida, tags e foram observadas fendas interfaciais tanto às 24 horas como após envelhecimento. / This in vitro study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of polymerization of lowshrinkage composite resins in dentin surface after degradation of the adhesive interface. The sample of the study was composed by 78 third molars, 60 teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 10) for the microtensile testing and 18 additional teeth (three teeth per group) were used for the analysis of adhesive interface by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The quantitative response variables were bond strengths to dentin through the microtensile test (Megapascal) and the classification and calculation of percentage values of theta peso fracture by SEM. Statistical analysis showed that the groups NTC, the Z250 group showed a statistically significant difference with others groups K and P90, which are similar to each other. After the performance of thermo cycling was observed decline in strength values of the studied groups, with the Z250 group showed a statistically significant difference when compared to the K group and P90, which were similar. The analysis showed the presence of mixed and adhesive fractures. Regarding the adhesive interface could be observed in P90 (NTC) and P90 (TC), presence cracks and gaps interfacial group. In the other groups was observed thick and dense layer Clearfill SE Bond and presence of tags into the tubules. Thus, it was concluded that the low polymerization shrinkage resins present lower average microtensile bond strength values both after 24 hours and after aging procedures of the adhesive interface. The quality of the adhesive interface by SEM after the microtensile test showed that mixed fractures were prevalent in groups Z250 (NTC), Z250 (TC), K (NTC), K (TC), P90 (NTC).And adhesive fracture was prevalent in the P90 group (CT).In relation the adhesive interface, when the adhesive system Clearfill SE Bond was used, it was noted a layer of thick adhesive, hybrid layer and tags. However, for the adhesive system P90, it was not possible to observe the hybrid layer, tags and interfacial cracks were observed both after 24 hours and after aging.

Este trabalho avaliou in vitro a resistência à microtração de resinas compostas de baixa contração de polimerização em superfície dentinária após a degradação da interface adesiva. A amostra do experimento foi composta de 78 terceiros molares, sendo que 60 dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 6 grupos (n = 10) para o ensaio de microtração e 18 dentes adicionais (três dentes por grupo) foram utilizados para a análise da interface adesiva por meio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As variáveis de resposta quantitativas foram a resistência adesiva por meio do ensaio de microtração (Megapascal) e a classificação e cálculo dos valores percentuais dos tipos de fratura por meio de MEV. A análise estatística demonstrou que nos grupos NTC, o grupo Z250 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante com os demais grupos K e P90, sendo estes semelhantes entre si. Após a realização da termociclagem observou diminuição nos valores de resistência nos grupos estudados, sendo que o grupo Z250 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante em comparação ao grupo K e P90, que foram semelhantes entre si. A qualidade da interface adesiva por meio de MEV após o teste de microtração demonstrou que fraturas mistas foram prevalentes em todos os grupos avaliados. Em relação a interface adesiva, quando o sistema adesivo Clearfill SE Bond foi utilizado, pôde-se observar uma camada de adesivo espessa, camada híbrida e tags. No entanto, para o sistema adesivo P90, não foi possível observar camada híbrida, tags e foram observadas fendas interfaciais tanto às 24 horas como após envelhecimento. / This in vitro study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of polymerization of lowshrinkage composite resins in dentin surface after degradation of the adhesive interface. The sample of the study was composed by 78 third molars, 60 teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 10) for the microtensile testing and 18 additional teeth (three teeth per group) were used for the analysis of adhesive interface by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The quantitative response variables were bond strengths to dentin through the microtensile test (Megapascal) and the classification and calculation of percentage values of theta peso fracture by SEM. Statistical analysis showed that the groups NTC, the Z250 group showed a statistically significant difference with others groups K and P90, which are similar to each other. After the performance of thermo cycling was observed decline in strength values of the studied groups, with the Z250 group showed a statistically significant difference when compared to the K group and P90, which were similar. The analysis showed the presence of mixed and adhesive fractures. Regarding the adhesive interface could be observed in P90 (NTC) and P90 (TC), presence cracks and gaps interfacial group. In the other groups was observed thick and dense layer Clearfill SE Bond and presence of tags into the tubules. Thus, it was concluded that the low polymerization shrinkage resins present lower average microtensile bond strength values both after 24 hours and after aging procedures of the adhesive interface. The quality of the adhesive interface by SEM after the microtensile test showed that mixed fractures were prevalent in groups Z250 (NTC), Z250 (TC), K (NTC), K (TC), P90 (NTC).And adhesive fracture was prevalent in the P90 group (CT).In relation the adhesive interface, when the adhesive system Clearfill SE Bond was used, it was noted a layer of thick adhesive, hybrid layer and tags. However, for the adhesive system P90, it was not possible to observe the hybrid layer, tags and interfacial cracks were observed both after 24 hours and after aging.

Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as propriedades físicas de resinas compostas restauradoras pré-aquecidas e de resinas fluidas com finalidade de cimentação de facetas de cerâmicas em comparação aos cimentos resinosos. Foram produzidos corpos de prova de duas marcas comerciais 3M ESPE e Ivoclar Vivadent, sendo: duas resinas restauradoras (Filtek Z250XT e Tetric N Ceram) nas condições: temperatura ambiente (RZ e RT), aquecidas à 45°C (RZ45 e RT45), aquecidas à 60°C (RZ60 e RT60); duas resinas fluidas (Filtek Z350 Flow e Tetric N Flow) denominadas FZ e FT e dois cimentos resinosos (Relyx Veneer e Variolink N) denominados CR e CV. Os grupos experimentais foram avaliados quanto à espessura de película por duas metodologias, resistência à flexão biaxial (RFB) e módulo de elasticidade (ME) executados em máquina de ensaio universal (modelo 5565, Instron Corp, Canton MA, EUA), microdureza Knoop feitas em microdurômetro (Shimadzu HMV-2, Tóquio, Japão) e diferença de cor (?E), razão de contraste e opalescência realizadas no espectrofotômetro CM-3770 (Konica Minolta, Japão). Os dados foram avaliados por análise de variância e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As resinas restauradoras apresentaram películas com espessura maiores que 100 ?m, enquanto as resinas fluidas e os cimentos resinosos apresentaram valores menores que 50 ?m. Os grupos experimentais RZ, RZ45 e RZ60 apresentaram os maiores valores de KHN, RFB e ME. Os grupos RT, RT45, RT60, FT, CV e CR apresentaram os menores valores de RFB e semelhantes entre si. Para a KHN, os grupos RT, RT45, RT60, FZ e CR apresentaram valores intermediários e semelhantes entre si, e superiores aos grupos FT e CV. Os resultados de ?E mostraram valores acima de 2 para todos os grupos experimentais, com exceção do RZ60. Os maiores valores de ?E foram evidenciados nos grupos RT45 e RT60. A razão de contraste foi estatisticamente menor para o grupo CV e os maiores valores de opacidade foram encontrados nos grupos RZ, RZ45 e FZ. A opalescência foi superior nos grupos FZ, CR, FT e CV. Considerando as limitações do presente estudo, concluiu-se que os tratamentos térmicos não alteraram as propriedades mecânicas das resinas restauradoras e não promoveram uma redução da espessura de película que atenda aos requisitos da ISO4049. As resinas fluidas e os cimentos apresentaram espessura de película inferior à 50?m e propriedades mecânicas que atendem à normativa ISO4049. A opalescência maior foi encontrada nos cimentos resinosos e a diferença de cor e razão de contraste apresentaram resposta grupo dependente. / The objectives of this study were to evaluate the physical properties of preheated restorative resin composites and fluid resins with the purpose of cementation of ceramic veneers in comparison to resin cements. Specimens were prepared with two restorative resin composites (Filtek Z250XT and Tetric N Ceram), in the following conditions: room temperature (RZ; RT), heated at 45°C (RZ45; RT45), and heated at 60°C (RZ60; RT60). Two flowable resins (Filtek Z350 Flow and Tetric N Flow) named FZ and FT and two resin cements (Relyx Veneer and Variolink N), called CR and CV, were also used. The experimental groups were evaluated in regards to film thickness with two methodologies; biaxial flexure strength (BFS) and modulus of elasticity (ME) (model 5565, Instron Corp, Canton MA, USA); Knoop microhardness test (KMT) (Shimadzu HMV-2, Tokyo, Japan), color difference (?E), contrast ratio and opalescence test (CM-3770d, Konica Minolta, Japan). Data were assessed by ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test (p<0.05). The restorative resins presented film thickness larger than 50?m, whereas the flowable resins and resin cements showed inferior values. The experimental groups RZ, RZ45 and RZ60, revealed greater values of KHN, BFS and ME. The RT, RT45, RT60, FT, CV and CR groups showed lower values for BFS and similar to each other. For KHN the RT, RT45, RT60, FZ and CR groups exposed intermediate and similar values to each other, and superior values to FT and CV groups. Color difference (?E) results demonstrated results superior than 2 for all experimental groups, with the exception of RZ60 group. The greater values of ?E were shown in RT45 and RT60 groups. Contrast ratio was statistically lower for the CV group and the highest values of opacity were verified in RZ, RZ45 and FZ groups. Opalescence was superior in FZ, CR, FT and CV groups. Considering the limitations of this study, the results demonstrated that preheated treatments did not modify the mechanical properties of restorative resin composites and didn\'t reduce film thickness which attend to ISO4049 parameters. Flowable resins and cements obtained film thickness inferior to 50?m and biaxial flexure strength results that are presented by the ISO4049. The greater opalescence was shown in the resin cements, also color difference and contrast ratio revealed results that were group dependent.

Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as propriedades físicas de resinas compostas restauradoras pré-aquecidas e de resinas fluidas com finalidade de cimentação de facetas de cerâmicas em comparação aos cimentos resinosos. Foram produzidos corpos de prova de duas marcas comerciais 3M ESPE e Ivoclar Vivadent, sendo: duas resinas restauradoras (Filtek Z250XT e Tetric N Ceram) nas condições: temperatura ambiente (RZ e RT), aquecidas à 45°C (RZ45 e RT45), aquecidas à 60°C (RZ60 e RT60); duas resinas fluidas (Filtek Z350 Flow e Tetric N Flow) denominadas FZ e FT e dois cimentos resinosos (Relyx Veneer e Variolink N) denominados CR e CV. Os grupos experimentais foram avaliados quanto à espessura de película por duas metodologias, resistência à flexão biaxial (RFB) e módulo de elasticidade (ME) executados em máquina de ensaio universal (modelo 5565, Instron Corp, Canton MA, EUA), microdureza Knoop feitas em microdurômetro (Shimadzu HMV-2, Tóquio, Japão) e diferença de cor (?E), razão de contraste e opalescência realizadas no espectrofotômetro CM-3770 (Konica Minolta, Japão). Os dados foram avaliados por análise de variância e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As resinas restauradoras apresentaram películas com espessura maiores que 100 ?m, enquanto as resinas fluidas e os cimentos resinosos apresentaram valores menores que 50 ?m. Os grupos experimentais RZ, RZ45 e RZ60 apresentaram os maiores valores de KHN, RFB e ME. Os grupos RT, RT45, RT60, FT, CV e CR apresentaram os menores valores de RFB e semelhantes entre si. Para a KHN, os grupos RT, RT45, RT60, FZ e CR apresentaram valores intermediários e semelhantes entre si, e superiores aos grupos FT e CV. Os resultados de ?E mostraram valores acima de 2 para todos os grupos experimentais, com exceção do RZ60. Os maiores valores de ?E foram evidenciados nos grupos RT45 e RT60. A razão de contraste foi estatisticamente menor para o grupo CV e os maiores valores de opacidade foram encontrados nos grupos RZ, RZ45 e FZ. A opalescência foi superior nos grupos FZ, CR, FT e CV. Considerando as limitações do presente estudo, concluiu-se que os tratamentos térmicos não alteraram as propriedades mecânicas das resinas restauradoras e não promoveram uma redução da espessura de película que atenda aos requisitos da ISO4049. As resinas fluidas e os cimentos apresentaram espessura de película inferior à 50?m e propriedades mecânicas que atendem à normativa ISO4049. A opalescência maior foi encontrada nos cimentos resinosos e a diferença de cor e razão de contraste apresentaram resposta grupo dependente. / The objectives of this study were to evaluate the physical properties of preheated restorative resin composites and fluid resins with the purpose of cementation of ceramic veneers in comparison to resin cements. Specimens were prepared with two restorative resin composites (Filtek Z250XT and Tetric N Ceram), in the following conditions: room temperature (RZ; RT), heated at 45°C (RZ45; RT45), and heated at 60°C (RZ60; RT60). Two flowable resins (Filtek Z350 Flow and Tetric N Flow) named FZ and FT and two resin cements (Relyx Veneer and Variolink N), called CR and CV, were also used. The experimental groups were evaluated in regards to film thickness with two methodologies; biaxial flexure strength (BFS) and modulus of elasticity (ME) (model 5565, Instron Corp, Canton MA, USA); Knoop microhardness test (KMT) (Shimadzu HMV-2, Tokyo, Japan), color difference (?E), contrast ratio and opalescence test (CM-3770d, Konica Minolta, Japan). Data were assessed by ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test (p<0.05). The restorative resins presented film thickness larger than 50?m, whereas the flowable resins and resin cements showed inferior values. The experimental groups RZ, RZ45 and RZ60, revealed greater values of KHN, BFS and ME. The RT, RT45, RT60, FT, CV and CR groups showed lower values for BFS and similar to each other. For KHN the RT, RT45, RT60, FZ and CR groups exposed intermediate and similar values to each other, and superior values to FT and CV groups. Color difference (?E) results demonstrated results superior than 2 for all experimental groups, with the exception of RZ60 group. The greater values of ?E were shown in RT45 and RT60 groups. Contrast ratio was statistically lower for the CV group and the highest values of opacity were verified in RZ, RZ45 and FZ groups. Opalescence was superior in FZ, CR, FT and CV groups. Considering the limitations of this study, the results demonstrated that preheated treatments did not modify the mechanical properties of restorative resin composites and didn\'t reduce film thickness which attend to ISO4049 parameters. Flowable resins and cements obtained film thickness inferior to 50?m and biaxial flexure strength results that are presented by the ISO4049. The greater opalescence was shown in the resin cements, also color difference and contrast ratio revealed results that were group dependent.