No description available.

<p>One of the most critical aspects of successful crown and bridgework is temporary restorations. Failure of temporary restoratins often affects the patient's confidence and mau result in unscheduled appointments for repair. This study compared the the fracture toughness of two materials commonly used to fabricate provisional restorations, namely Coldpac, a polymethyl methacrylate and Protemp 3 Garant, a bis-acryl composite. It also compard the fracture toughness of the two materials when reinforced with stainless steel wire, glass fibers and polythylene fibers.</p>

Agriculture has played and continues to play a vital role in the livelihood of Indiana; therefore, farm structures are present in nearly every section of the state. However, with advances in technology and commercial and residential development, historic farm structures are quickly being lost to demolition and neglect. Although Indiana is known as a leader in historic preservation, historic farm structures of the state do not receive the attention that they deserve from preservationists. This thesis serves to inform preservationists of the importance of Indiana's historic farm structures and to present suggestions on ways that the current programs and activities could be improved. This is accomplished by discussing the history and current state of farming in Indiana, by examining farm structure preservation organizations in Indiana and across the nation, and by presenting farmland preservation and the documentation of rural historic districts as two alternative tools to protect historic farm structures. / Department of Architecture

Hour Al-Hawizeh is one of the biggest marshes within the Mesopotamian marshes of southern Iraq. This Hour has been functioned for centuries under natural conditions providing resources for local people, important habitat for migrating birds, and a major source of the natural hydrology in the Middle East. In the early 1990???s, the Mesopotamian marshes were intentionally drained. This disaster has adversely affected the biodiversity of the marshes. In April 2003, these marshes were inundated again with the hope that this ecosystem will return to its previous nature. This new condition led many of scientist and researchers to investigate how the ecosystem behaves after being re-flooded and to assess the restoration progress of these re-flooded areas. In this study, I focused on phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), as they are two of the commonly limiting factors for the health of any aquatic system. The main goals of this study are: 1) to determine the TP and TN budget in relation to the water budget of Hour Al-Hawizeh and examine how the water inlets contribute the water supply and nutrient load and determine whether Hour Al-Hawizeh acts as a sink or a source of P and N, whether this varies among sections of the marsh with different flooding histories, and its consequences for the restoration of the marsh, 2) to investigate the TP and TN variation and composition in eight marshes within Hour Al-Hewaizah and investigate the relationship of the phytoplankton component, as indicated by chlorophyll-a, with TN and TP concentrations in Hour Al-Hawizeh. TP and TN budgets suggested that Hour Al-Hawizeh acts as a sink for phosphorus and source for nitrogen. In this study, the annual retention of TP was approximately 128 tons, while annual release of TN was 237 tons. TP and TN concentration within the eight marshes within Hour Al- Hawizeh exhibited different seasonal patterns during the study period, which is likely attributable to with the variable sources and transformations of phosphorus and nitrogen in the selected marshes. In addition, the study revealed a significant relationship between chlorophyll-a concentration and TP and TN. However, the relationship between chlorophyll-a and TN was stronger. The differences in water quality parameters, TP, TN, and chlorophyll-a concentration between the marshes within Hour Al-Hawizeh suggest that Hour Al-Hawizeh is not a one homogeneous system and each marsh acts as a unique system.

No description available.

This work is a critical analysis of craft internvention upon historic musical instruments. It is centred upon the tension between use and preservation that arose with the conflicting demands of the early music revival for working musical instruments,and of the conservation discipline for the preservation of these artefacts as documents of contemporary instrument-making and musical practices. A framework is developed around three regimens of function, termed Currency, Restitution and Preservation, within which the actions and rationales of craft activity on musical instruments may be characterized. Case studies of nine historic instruments are presented in order to demonstrate the derivation of both the technical and social factors that contributed to their changes in state and status during the period under study. Analysis of the actions taken upon the instruments in their historical and social contexts provides a novel understanding of the relationship between the desire for musical experience, and the need for historical and technical information. The work concludes with a discussion of a strategy for encouraging a balance between musical function and preservation, thus mediating between the conflicting demands.

Vacuum harvested peatlands typically do not spontaneously regenerate peatland species and more importantly the peat-forming Sphagnum mosses. Thus harvested and abandoned peatlands require restoration to return the peat-forming Sphagnum moss to the ecosystem. Restoration can create a hydrological environment that is suitable for peatland species’ regeneration and results in substantial Sphagnum moss growth. Bois-des-Bel was restored in the winter of 1999 and studied in the following three years (2000-2002), then again after 10 years (this study). Immediately following restoration the conditions were deemed favourable for Sphagnum regeneration (i.e. soil water pressures and water tables, > -100 cm and -40 cm respectively) (~ 15-20 cm in 10 years), while evaporation from the surface was reduced due to the straw mulch that was applied as part of the restoration measures. Although the hydrological conditions were suitable for peat revegetation, Bois-des-Bel was still a net exporter of carbon during first three years. The purpose of this thesis is to understand the hydrological evolution of Bois-des-Bel since the initial assessments and document the hydrophysical properties that could limit net carbon sequestration. This is done with a combination of field and laboratory (monolith) experiments through comparison of its hydrology and hydraulic parameters to that of a natural reference site. Since the initial assessment a water table rise of ~ 5-10 cm has occurred at the Restored site with an average water table of -27.3 (± 14.9) with respect to the cutover peat (pre-restoration surface) and ~ -42.3 (± 20.9) cm with respect to the regenerated Sphagnum surface. This water table is still much further from the capitula and more variable than at the Natural site (33.2 ± 9.0 cm). Both evapotranspiration (242 mm) and runoff (7 mm) from the Restored site maintained the same relationships in 2010 as during the initial assessments, compared to the Unrestored site (290mm and 37 mm, respectively). Although lower evapotranspiration equated to less water lost from the system, evapotranspiration at the Restored site was not indicative of the Natural site (329 mm), chiefly due to limited surface Sphagnum moisture at the Restored site. After ten years following restoration, the large scale hydrological processes are still controlled by the cutover peat and not the regenerated Sphagnum moss; thus the Restored site is still divergent from the Natural site. Wells paired with the soil moisture measurements resulted in average water tables of -53.7 ± 17.8 cm at the Restored site and -31.9 ± 8.3 cm at the Natural site. In addition to much lower water tables, the upper layers of regenerated Sphagnum (θ2.5 cm – 0.12 and θ7.5 cm – 0.11) on average were far drier than the same species at the Natural site (θ2.5 cm – 0.23 and θ7.5 cm – 0.32) under only Sphagnum. Furthermore the Restored site was very dry just above the cutover peat (θ17.5 cm – 0.19), compared to the same probe depth at the Natural site (0.57). At the Natural site under ericaceous and Sphagnum the soil moisture contents were generally double that of the Sphagnum-only site. In addition to poor soil water retention at the Restored site, high specific yield was observed in the Restored site (0.44) monoliths while the water table fluctuated within the Sphagnum compared to both the Natural (0.10) and Unrestored (0.05) monoliths. These retention characteristics at the Restored site are due to far lower fraction of water filled pores for a given pore diameter than the same species (S. rubellum) at the Natural site. The high abundance of large pores do not generate the necessary capillary force to draw water from the relatively wet cutover peat into the Sphagnum moss, resulting in a capillary barrier. Although after ten years the Restored section of Bois-des-Bel had somewhat representative bog peatland ecology, the hydrological conditions needed for net carbon sequestration were not present. The lack of water transmission from the cutover peat to the regenerated Sphagnum moss due to large pores and the inability of the Sphagnum moss to retain water are both retarding the restoration. For Bois-des-Bel to become a net carbon sequestering further lateral infilling of the Sphagnum leaves and branches along with decomposition of the basal layer will be need. In addition to these two processes, planting of ericaceous shrubs could lower the water loss through evaporation, thus increasing the capitula moisture content and creating healthier mosses. If Bois-des-Bel continues on its current ecohydrological trajectory it is likely that it will self-regulate and make the necessary structural changes to become a net carbon sequestering system.

<p>One of the most critical aspects of successful crown and bridgework is temporary restorations. Failure of temporary restoratins often affects the patient's confidence and mau result in unscheduled appointments for repair. This study compared the the fracture toughness of two materials commonly used to fabricate provisional restorations, namely Coldpac, a polymethyl methacrylate and Protemp 3 Garant, a bis-acryl composite. It also compard the fracture toughness of the two materials when reinforced with stainless steel wire, glass fibers and polythylene fibers.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--Cincinnati Bible Seminary, 1988. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-160).

Thesis (M.A.)--Cincinnati Bible Seminary, 1988. / Abstract. Includes index.