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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Hemoplasmas em gatos dom?sticos: Preval?ncia e sua associa??o ? infec??o natural pelos v?rus das imunodefici?ncia e/ou leucemia felinas. / Hemoplasmas in domestic cats: Prevalence and its association to the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and/or Feline Leukemia Virus natural infections.

Macieira, Daniel de Barros 28 February 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008- Daniel de Barros Macieira.pdf: 1044606 bytes, checksum: 797036e36833a30609c06a68880f37c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Infectious diseases present high morbidity among domestic cats and a delayed or misdiagnosis may result in patient death. The association between feline immunodeficiency (FIV) and/or feline leukemia (FeLV) viruses infections with hemoplasmas has great importance in veterinary practice, since agents may act synergically increasing risks for infected animals. To date, there are no studies in Brazil critically examining whether or not hemoplasma infections are associated with retroviral infection in cat. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (Mhm) infections in domestic cats tested for FIV and FeLV with a commercial ELISA kit. Based on serologic testing, cats were grouped as i) FIV-positive (n=25); ii) FeLV-positive (n=39); iii) FIV/FeLV-positive (n=8); and iv) FIV/FeLV-negative (n=77), or base-comparison group. CBCs were followed by DNA extraction, species-specific PCR (16S rRNA gene) for Mhf and Mhm and Southern blotting for all animals. Among all animals tested for retroviral infection (n=149), 16,8%, 26,2% and 5,4% were seropositive for FIV, FeLV and both retroviruses respectively. Associated factors to retroviral infections included an increased mean age (FIV, p<0,001), neutered status and history of fights/bites (FIV, p=0,033 and <0,001 respectively); presence of fleas (FeLV, p=0,018); history of blood transfusions and roaming outdoors (FIV/FeLV, p=0,028 and 0,033 respectively). Among evaluated clinical signs, anorexia and pale mucous (FIV, p=0,004 and 0,034 respectively); lethargy/depression, jaundice and tachycardia (FeLV, p=0,033, 0,036 and 0,003 respectively) were identified. Among CBC findings, anemia was related to FIV (p=0,012) and FeLV (p<0,001) infections, whereas thrombocytopenia was only related to FIV infection (p=0,015). Animals with FIV or double FIV and FeLV infections had a reduced WBC count (p=0,021 and 0,012 respectively). Mhf DNA was found in 4.0%, 2.6%, 12.5% and 7.8% of the cats from groups i, ii, iii and iv respectively, while 32.0%, 5.1%, 50.0% and 5.2% of these animals had a Mhm infection. Host factors that were associates to the presence of hemoplasma DNA included the retroviral status (p=0,001), history of fights/bites (p=0,003), roaming outdoors (p=0,001), living with other cats (p=0,008) and pale mucous (p=0,033). The logistic regression model used herein showed that cats with FIV (OR=4,25; p=0,009) and both FIV and FeLV (OR=7,56; p=0,014) were at greater risk of being hemoplasma infected than retroviral negative cats, mainly due to Mhm infection (OR=8,59, p=0,001 and OR=18,25, p=0,001 respectively). Among pure-breed cats, FIV-positive status was associated with hemoplasma infection (OR 45,0; p=0,001). / As doen?as infecto-contagiosas possuem uma alta morbidade entre os gatos dom?sticos e um diagn?stico impreciso ou retardado pode resultar no ?bito do paciente. A associa??o entre infec??es pelos v?rus da imunodefici?ncia (FIV) e/ou leucemia (FeLV) felina com hemoplasmas possui grande import?ncia na cl?nica m?dica, uma vez que os agentes podem agir de modo sin?rgico elevando os riscos para os animais acometidos. Devido ao fato de inexistirem no Brasil estudos que analisem criticamente a associa??o entre estes retrov?rus e os hemoplasmas, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a preval?ncia e poss?veis fatores associados para as infec??es por Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) e Candidatus M. haemominutum (Mhm) em gatos dom?sticos, testados para a presen?a de FIV e FeLV, atrav?s de um kit comercial baseado na metodologia de ELISA. Com base no teste sorol?gico, os gatos foram agrupados como i) FIV-positivos (n=25); ii) FeLV-positivos (n=39); iii) FIV/FeLV-positivos (n=8); e iv) FIV/FeLV-negativos (n=77), ou grupo de refer?ncia para as compara??es. Hemogramas foram seguidos da extra??o/purifica??o de DNA, rea??o em cadeia da polimerase esp?cie-espec?fica para a detec??o de Mhf e Mhm e Southern Blot/hibridiza??o (SB) para todos os animais. Entre os 149 animais testados, 16,8%, 26,2% e 5,4% foram soropositivos para FIV, FeLV e ambos os retrov?rus respectivamente. Fatores associados ? infec??o por retrov?rus inclu?ram idade m?dia mais elevada (FIV, p<0,001), condi??o reprodutiva castrado e hist?rico de brigas/mordidas (FIV, p=0,033 e <0,001 respectivamente); presen?a de pulgas (FeLV, p=0,018); transfus?o de sangue e acesso ao ambiente externo (FIV/FeLV, p=0,028 e 0,033 respectivamente). Dentre as altera??es cl?nicas avaliadas, anorexia e mucosas p?lidas (FIV, p=0,004 e 0,034 respectivamente); letargia/depress?o, icter?cia e taquicardia (FeLV, p=0,033, 0,036 e 0,003 respectivamente) foram identificadas. Dentre os par?metros hematol?gicos a anemia esteve associada a presen?a de FIV (p=0,012) e FeLV (p<0,001) enquanto a trombocitopenia esteve apenas associada a infec??es por FIV (p=0,015). Animais com FIV ou com dupla infec??o (FIV e FeLV) tiveram uma contagem de leuc?citos reduzida (p=0,021 e 0,012 respectivamente). O DNA de Mhf foi achado em 4,0%, 2,6%, 12,5% e 7,8% dos gatos dos grupos i, ii, iii e iv, respectivamente, enquanto 32,0% 5,1%, 50,0% e 5,2% desses animais tinham infec??es por Mhm. Fatores inerentes ao hospedeiro que apresentaram associa??o com a presen?a do DNA de hemoplasmas inclu?ram o estado retroviral (p=0,001), hist?rico de brigas/mordidas (p=0,003), acesso ao ambiente externo (p=0,001), coabitar com outros gatos (p=0,008) e mucosas p?lidas (p=0,033). O modelo de regress?o log?stica usado mostrou que gatos com FIV (OR=4,25, p=0,009) e animais duplamente infectados para FIV e FeLV (OR=7,56, p=0,014) estavam em maior risco de serem infectados por hemoplasmas do que animais negativos para ambos os retrov?rus, principalmente em virtude de infec??es por Mhm (OR=8,59, p=0,001 e OR=18,25, p=0,001 respectivamente). Entre os animais de ra?a definida, a positividade para FIV estava associada com infec??es para hemoplasmas (OR=45, p=0,001).

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