<p>The dissertation offers a Multiphysics perspective in analyzing emerging metallurgical techniques. Heat transfer, structural deformation, and fluid flow associate with one another in phase-changing materials processing methods. To comprehensively analyze these aspects for an optimized final product, the authors have proposed a numerical mathematical model describing the thermal and geometric progression of the binary alloy casting process. The model is further executed in COMSOL Multiphysics, adapted in two metal manufacturing applications, resistance spot welding (RSW) and binder jet printing (BJP). </p><p>Resistance spot welding is a well-adapted metal sheeting joining technique with comparably limited modeling and simulating research. The heat transfer module and geometric deformation module are applied to the simulation of RSW to discuss the thermal gradient development of the welding zone. The model was further calculated and verified through a case study with Python. </p><p>BJP is a rapidly developing additive manufacturing method. The novel 3D printing technique brings challenges in post-processing geometric control and material selection limitations. Multiphysics simulation serves as an excellent tool in process parameters analysis and quality control. This dissertation focuses on the sintering process of BJP of binary alloy powders. Melting and solidification mathematical models were implemented in COMSOL, where the sintering shrinkage rate could be calculated. The shrinkage rate was further verified through experimental analysis of binder jet printed samples. </p><p>Microstructural analysis on sintered binder jet printed parts was performed to assess the validity of BJP to substitute the die casting method for manufacturing of valvebody. Sintering shrinkage and metallurgical analysis have been performed on the green and sintered BJP samples. After sintering, the final part achieved 98% density, and the integrity of the designed channels was preserved. The shrinkage analysis has indicated the effect of printing orientation and sintering orientation on the geometry and metallurgy of the final products. Microstructure analysis on the cross-sections of the sintered products also indicates the various defects induced from biner jet 3D printing. </p><p>The research aims to provide a systematic rheology analysis of the phase transformation process of binary alloys. The dissertation has connected the physical, mathematical modeling with 15 </p><p><br></p><p>simulative modeling through the rheological evaluation of phase-changing manufacturing techniques. The connections were conclusively verified through empirical studies, including case assessment and experimentation. The research aims to offer universally applicable models that can be applied to phase-changing metal processing techniques. </p>

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:53:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Stiegler Ribeiro.pdf: 498760 bytes, checksum: 74d931442efdc4e3e5b729a86d5c6b76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-02 / The "Pinhão" bagasse, a residue from the starch extraction, has similar rheological characteristics to the main product. Many sources of starch modifications are investigated for various botanical sources, and worth mentioning, the enzymes modifications have been extensively studied due to their potential to form products with minimal waste. The study aims to characterize and modify the "Pinhão" bagasse, obtained after the starch extraction, using enzymatic treatment at different times. The centesimal composition results were very similar between the treated and untreated samples. Through the TG-DTA curves, it was observed the three characteristic steps of starch samples and confirmed their degradation complexity by the appearance of an asymmetric deformation ("shoulder") in some samples. DSC had an increase in the To and a decrease of Tp, Tc and ΔHgel for the modified samples. In RVA it was observed an increase of retrogradation after the modification. Most of the X-ray diffractograms of the ‘’pinhão’’ bagasse samples have shown starch A-type pattern. The SEM was confirmed an isolation of the starch granules of other compounds as fibre and protein, which were present in the native sample.The enzymatic treatment approached the properties of the bagasse to ones of the ‘’pinhão’’ starch, with similarities among the studied properties.With the obtained results , it can be affirmed that this treatment technique of the ‘’pinhão’’ bagasse may aggregate value to this biomass, which will increase the efficiency of the starch extracted from the Araucaria seed. / O bagaço de pinhão, resíduo decorrente da extração do amido desta semente, tem características reológicas similares ao produto principal. Muitas modificações em amidos foram investigadas de várias origens botânicas. As modificações enzimáticas têm sido extensivamente estudadas devido ao seu potencial de formar produtos com o mínimo de desperdício. Esse estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e modificar o bagaço de Pinhão obtido após a extração do amido, usando tratamento enzimático por 12, 24 e 36h. Os resultados da composição centesimal foram muito similares entre as amostras tratadas e não tratadas. Por meio das curvas TG-DTA foram observadas as três etapas características da perda de massa para amostras de amido, confirmando a complexidade da degradação pela aparência de uma deformação assimétrica (ombro) nessas amostras. No DSC foi observado um aumento no valor de To e uma diminuição de Tp, Tc e ΔHgel para as amostras modificadas. Na análise RVA foi observado um aumento na retrogradação depois da modificação. A maioria dos difratogramas das amostras de bagaço de pinhão foram semelhantes aos padrões de amido do tipo ‘A’, característico de cereais, como milho e trigo. As micro-imagens MEV confirmaram o isolamento dos grânulos de amido dos outros compostos, como fibra e proteína, que estão presentes na amostra nativa. O tratamento enzimático possibilitou a aproximação das propriedades do bagaço às do amido de pinhão, com semelhança entre as propriedades estudadas. Com os resultados apresentados pode-se afirmar que esta técnica de tratamento do bagaço do pinhão pode agregar valor a essa biomassa, o que poderá aumentar o rendimento de amido extraído da semente da Araucária.