The Saskatchewan River Delta (SRD) in central Canada, North America’s largest inland delta, is an important spring and fall stopover site for waterfowl with thousands flocking there annually to stage. However there is very little information on their origins prior to arrival and their feeding ecology while in the Delta. To date, band recoveries are largely from birds banded south of the SRD, mostly due to limited banding activity in productive waterfowl habitats to the north such as the Peace-Athabasca Delta and the broader boreal forest. There is also very little information on the importance of the SRD as an overall recruitment area for the North American waterfowl population. No studies have used stable isotopes to infer the origins and diets of these birds. I first used stable isotopes of hydrogen (2H) and sulfur (34S) to infer migratory origins and specifically evaluate the contribution of local and non-local birds to the staging population in the SRD during fall migration. Based on 2H, I found that few birds (34%) originated in the SRD despite its known role as breeding habitat; instead, most birds (56%) were migrants from the north of the SRD and a small fraction (10%) came from south of the SRD. Stable sulfur isotope data proved a useful tool in further delineation of birds into prairie and forest regions, respectively. Secondly, I used stable carbon (13C) and nitrogen (15N) isotopes and mercury concentrations in liver tissue ([Hg]) to trace nutrient sources of these waterfowl using the SRD prior to fall migration, and tested for differences in diets among species, sexes and age groups within species. I demonstrated the importance of macrophytes as a source of food, particularly among the American Widgeon and Northern Pintail (70% of the diet). However, there was some level of partitioning of resources at the species level, as Blue-winged Teal and Green-winged Teal used invertebrate sources, as did a distinct group of Mallards. This is likely a result of birds minimizing competition for resources during the short staging period in the SRD when waterfowl densities are high. Finally, I found that 15N values in liver, a known indicator of trophic position, can be confounded by variation in basal sources; hence, there is the need to use other isotopes or tracers such as [Hg] for verification. Overall, my results suggest an important role for northern ecosystems in central Canada in contributing to the waterfowl breeding population in the Central Flyway, and a key role for the SRD in providing fuel for waterfowl during fall migration. .

This research has been undertaken to further our knowledge of decade-to-century timescale braided, gravel-bed river delta growth dynamics. The study included: a review of available literature; field studies; the development of microscale models for two study deltas; and the development of a simple numerical model incorporating movement of braided river channels across a delta topset (varying the location of sediment delivery to the delta). Results from the microscale modelling showed that successful physical modelling requires well-defined fixed boundaries and, ideally, good historical aerial photography for the estimation of the model time scale. A complex braided gravel-bed river delta system composed of two merging deltas entering a deep, low-energy receiving basins was able to be successfully modelled to provide valuable information on delta growth dynamics. However, a microscale model of a delta prograding into shallow receiving basins, with a large supply of fine sediment, was more difficult to calibrate and assess (partly due to limited field data), and was considered less reliable. The simple rule-based numerical model ‘DELGROW’, developed to simulate a braided river system entering a deep, low-energy body of water, requires a known sediment supply rate, as well as information on the braided river topography, submerged delta foreset, and lakebed bathymetry. Unlike simple 1-d width-averaged geometric models, DELGROW takes into consideration barriers (e.g. islands) as well as relatively complex converging braided river delta configurations. By changing the sediment supply, or modifying the river system, the response of the river system to various scenarios can also be assessed. Microscale models and DELGROW appear to realistically simulate decade-to-century timescale growth of braided gravel-bed river deltas entering a deep, low-energy, receiving basin. Both of these modelling methods initially use the supplied sediment to try and eliminate any riverbed irregularities (e.g. low areas), before continuing to advance and deposit sediment in a more evenly-distributed manner, whilst taking into consideration irregularities due to barriers, and asymmetric sediment sources such as merging deltas. Neither model can reliably predict locations of bank erosion, or channel avulsions that divert flow and sediment outside of the fixed model boundaries.

No description available.

Zhao, Bo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.I / Acknowledgement --- p.III / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background: PRD and YRD --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- "PRD, YRD and China" --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Simple profile of PRD and YRD: a city-level observation --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the study --- p.13 / Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1 --- Overview of TFP measurement --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- TFP in China --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3 --- China's inward FDI and its importance --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- The relationship between FDI and TFP --- p.31 / Chapter 3. --- Methodology --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1 --- Research hypotheses --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- Model --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data and measurement --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Data and data sources --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Measurement of variables --- p.41 / Chapter 4. --- Statistical Results --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Estimation of total factor productivity: regression results from OLS and panel estimation --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Cobb-Douglas production function: panel estimation --- p.45 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- TFP by cross sections --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- TFP through time (1978-2004) --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2 --- Relationships of TFP and FDI and other variables: Pearson correlation analysis --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3 --- Effects on TFP: multiple regression results --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Effects of FDI on TFP --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Effects of R&D on TFP --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Effects of human capital on TFP --- p.60 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.63 / References --- p.68

Lam Chau Lui. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2005-2006, design report." / Includes bibliographical references. / Text in English with some Chinese. / Chapter A. --- INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW / Chapter A-1. --- Thesis Introduction / Chapter A-2. --- Urban Village Overview / Chapter B. --- URBAN VILLAGE DOCUMENTATION / Chapter B-1. --- "Shipai Village, Guangzhou" / Chapter B-2. --- "Daxin Village, Shenzhen" / Chapter B-3. --- "Yumin Village, Shenzhen" / Chapter B-4. --- "Huanggang Village, Shenzhen" / Chapter B-5. --- "Xiasha Village, Shenzhen" / Chapter B-6 --- "Tianmian Village, Shenzhen" / Chapter C. --- A TYPOLOGICAL STRATEGY / Chapter C-1. --- Typological Experiments / Chapter C-2. --- Typological Hybrids / Chapter D. --- Transforming Daxin Village / Chapter D-1. --- Site / Chapter D-2. --- Urban Village Transformation Strategy / Chapter D-3. --- Courtyard Housing

Kee Wai Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-155). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / 摘要 --- p.v / CONTENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.viii / LIST OF ABBREVIATION --- p.ix / CHAPTER / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Research Significance --- p.1 / Research Objectives --- p.3 / Definitions --- p.5 / Greater Pearl River Delta --- p.5 / “cross-boundary´ح --- p.8 / Thesis Outline --- p.9 / Chapter 2 --- URBAN AND REGIONAL GOVERNANCE: CONCEPTS AND ISSUES --- p.11 / The Concept of Urban/Regional Governance and Its Development --- p.11 / Experiences in Cross-Border Regional Governance --- p.15 / Evolution of Regional Governance of the GPRD Region --- p.21 / The Cross-Boundary Infrastructure Development in the GPRD Region --- p.26 / Summary --- p.30 / Chapter 3 --- CROSS-BOUNDARY FLOW AND TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT --- p.34 / Introduction --- p.34 / The Economic and Social Development in the Past 25 Years --- p.36 / Economic Development --- p.36 / Social Development --- p.41 / The Transportation Development in the GPRD Region --- p.43 / Three Separated Transportation Systems --- p.44 / Cross-Boundary Transportation --- p.46 / Major Problems in the Transportation Development --- p.49 / The Future Development of Transportation --- p.52 / Summary --- p.55 / Chapter 4 --- THE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-BOUNDARY LINKAGE PROPOSALS --- p.57 / Introduction --- p.57 / Conceptual Framework and Research Methodology --- p.59 / Conceptual Framework --- p.59 / Research Methodology --- p.61 / Evolution of Cross-Boundary Linkage Proposals --- p.63 / Stage 1: 1983-1989 Incubation of Idea --- p.64 / Stage 2: 1989-1997 Great Leap Forward I --- p.67 / Stage 3: 1997-2002 Time with Various Focuses --- p.71 / Stage 4: 2002-2003 Great Leap Forward II --- p.79 / Stage 5: 2003-2004 Concrete Action --- p.85 / The Advantages and Disadvantages of Bridge Scenarios --- p.91 / The Debates on the Bridge and the Participation of Stakeholders --- p.95 / The Necessity of This Cross-Boundary Linkage in the Beginning Time --- p.95 / Debates on the Advantages and Disadvantages of the LDYB and the HZMB and the Better One for the Region --- p.97 / Argues About the Development of Container Port Next to the Bridge in Hong Kong --- p.99 / Arguments about the Possibility of Including a Railway on the Bridge (HZMB) --- p.99 / The Concern on the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the Bridge by NGOs Such as Green Groups --- p.101 / Summary --- p.102 / Chapter 5 --- A GOVERNMENT-LED REGIONAL GOVERNANCE NETWORK AND THE ROLE OF VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS --- p.104 / Introduction --- p.104 / Governments in the Regional Governance Network --- p.106 / Lack of Good Cooperation and Joint Development Strategies in the Past --- p.108 / The Problem of the Allocation of Interests among Cities --- p.109 / The Strong Influence of the Political Leadership --- p.110 / The Strong Control Role of the Central Government --- p.112 / The Changing Roles of Governments --- p.115 / Private Sector in the Regional Governance Network --- p.117 / "Business Linkage, Business Expansion and Relationship in the Region ." --- p.118 / A Profitable Project --- p.119 / Civil Society in the Regional Governance Network --- p.121 / Academic and Professionals --- p.122 / The Media --- p.123 / Environmental Protection Groups --- p.124 / Discussion --- p.126 / Summary --- p.133 / Chapter 6 --- CONCLUSION --- p.135 / Context of the Study --- p.135 / Major Findings --- p.137 / Suggestions for Further Research --- p.142 / REFERENCES --- p.145

Guo, Chunlan. / "July 2010." / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-186). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix II in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.v / Table of contents --- p.vi / List of tables --- p.ix / List of figures --- p.xi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Research background: Female labor migrants in the PRD --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Restriction on women by Confucianism in China --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Restriction on women by state in China --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- The mobility of women in China --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research questions and research objectives --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research significance --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Outline of the dissertation --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Literature Review: Female Migration, Household， , Labor Market and Feminist Geography" --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Research on female migration --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Female migration and household --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Household model and its critic by feminists --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Examples of studying female labor migration at the scale of household --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Household response to female labor migration --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Thinking and reflection --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3 --- Female migration and labor market --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- The segmentation in urban labor market and the female labor migration --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The disadvantage of migrant women in urban labor market --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- The role of agents in female migration --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Female labor migration in China: A product of the economic transformation --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4 --- The research of female labor migration and approach of feminist geography --- p.31 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- The assignments of feminist geography --- p.31 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- The research of feminist geography --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Some weakness of feminist geography --- p.34 / Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Research Methodology --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1 --- The reason for using the methodology of feminist geography --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2 --- Research framework --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Research issues --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Research framework and flow chat --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data collection --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Fieldwork: to collect the firsthand data --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Observational survey --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Interview survey --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Questionnaire Survey --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Secondary data --- p.56 / Chapter 3.4 --- Data analysis --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Qualitative methods: interview analysis --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Quantitative methods --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5 --- Summary --- p.62 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Female Migration in the Pearl River Delta: Census Data Analysis --- p.64 / Chapter 4.1 --- The scale of female migration in the PRD --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2 --- The distribution of female interprovincial migrants in the PRD --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3 --- The origins of female interprovincial migrants in the PRD --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- The 2000 census data of Guangdong volume --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- "The data of 1990 Census, 2000 Census and 2005's 1% survey" --- p.72 / Chapter 4.4 --- The education level and occupation of migrants in the PRD --- p.80 / Chapter 4.5 --- The migration reasons of the female migrants in the PRD --- p.82 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary --- p.82 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Why Rural Women Want to Migrate Out to Work from the Perspective of Household --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1 --- The filial daughters: migration as a part of the household economic strategy --- p.85 / Chapter 5.2 --- The liberal daughters: migration for individual welfare --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3 --- The dilemma factory mothers: as a sacrifice of the dual economic development system --- p.96 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion about the three models of rural women in migration --- p.100 / Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.102 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- How Migration Affects the Lives of Rural Women at the Scale of Household --- p.103 / Chapter 6.1 --- The changing marital form --- p.103 / Chapter 6.2 --- The status of the female labor migrants in household --- p.107 / Chapter 6.3 --- Relation with other family members --- p.111 / Chapter 6.4 --- Rethinking the family member relationship under the split-household strategy --- p.115 / Chapter 6.5 --- Summary --- p.116 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Female Labor Migrants in Urban Labor Market in the Pearl River Delta --- p.118 / Chapter 7.1 --- The participation of female migrants in the labor market of the PRD --- p.118 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- The time of female migrants' participation in urban labor market --- p.118 / Chapter 7.1.2 --- The channel of urban labor market participation of the female migrants: the role of social network --- p.121 / Chapter 7.1.3 --- The high frequency of changing jobs by female labor migrants --- p.124 / Chapter 7.2 --- The status of female migrants in urban labor market --- p.125 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Job accessibility: easier for girls than boys --- p.125 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Different wage by gender discrimination in factory? --- p.129 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- The status of the female migrants in the factory --- p.133 / Chapter 7.3 --- The future of female migrants in urban labor market --- p.135 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- The evaluation of working in the PRD --- p.135 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- The departure of female migrants from the urban labor market --- p.136 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- The cycle of a line girl in urban labor market --- p.139 / Chapter 7.4 --- Summary --- p.141 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion --- p.144 / Appendix --- p.151 / Appendix I List of interviewees --- p.151 / Appendix IIA sample of questionnaire --- p.153 / "Appendix III The input, output and error of estimating female migration flow with the approach of maximizing entropy- the case of 1990 census data 一" --- p.166 / Bibliography --- p.176

[Truncated abstract] Environmental changes have had major impacts on past human societies across the globe, and a better understanding of this human-environment interaction is necessary for building societies with resilience towards future environmental change, and to effectively conserve areas of natural environments into the future. Regions such as the Yangtze delta, that have a long history of rice cultivation (dating to at least ca. 7000 BP) and a high density of prehistoric sites, provide an ideal backdrop to study both long-term human-environment interactions, and the environmental impacts of agricultural societies. This study aims to provide Holocene palaeoenvironmental reconstructions for three study sites in the Yangtze delta region, with the principle objectives of detecting human activity – particularly that associated with the development of rice agriculture – and identifying environmental changes within the palaeoenvironmental records. A parallel aim is to develop the use of quantitative biomarker and compound specific isotope analyses in Holocene palaeoenvironmental investigations, including in the detection of early agricultural environments, through analysis of sedimentary deposits. Palaeoenvironmental records for the three study sites, Qingpu, Guangfulin and Liangzhu, cover the time period from ca. 12,000 to ca. 400 BP. '...' Greater proportions of coniferous and deciduous taxa early in the records (prior to ca. 7000 BP) indicate comparatively cooler conditions, while the increased abundance of Chenopodiaceae during that time suggests both cooler conditions and a greater marine influence in the region. Palaeoenvironmental data obtained during this study suggest agriculture in the delta region to have gradually increased in importance from ca. 7000 – 2400 BP. The Guangfulin study site yielded the earliest evidence of agricultural activity, dating to ca. 7000 BP, principally in the form of a corresponding increase in Poaceae (Oryza comp.) abundance and decline of arboreal forest taxa. Subsequent periods of agricultural intensification are noted at ca. 5360 BP at Liangzhu and ca. 4700 BP at Guangfulin. Following the final period of intensification at Qingpu and Guangfulin (ca. 2400 BP), the extent of cultivated land in the delta region may have been comparable to modern times. Technological development during the early dynasties, particularly the greater availability of iron tools, is likely to have been a major factor driving the agricultural intensification detected ca. 2400 BP. The large tracts of natural vegetation detected by this research prior to ca. 2400 BP, would have afforded a degree of resilience to the human inhabitants of the delta region. Following the contraction of natural vegetation in the delta region, societies would have gained some resilience through access to the extensive trade network of the Chinese state. Resilience acquired through these means may, in part, account for the longevity of agricultural societies in the Yangtze delta region of China.

The use of the stable isotopes, 18O and 2H, has proven to be a valuable tool in determining the importance of various hydrological controls on the modern water balances of Slave River Delta lakes, NWT, Canada. Samples collected during the 2002 and 2003 field season have shown that delta lakes exhibit highly systematic isotopic variability over the entire delta. The major influences observed to be affecting Slave River Delta lakes include spring snowmelt runoff, flood events from the Slave River, seiche events from Great Slave Lake and thaw season precipitation events. An important component of Slave River Delta lake modern water balances is evaporation, the main controlling factor of water loss in the study lakes, as well as isotopic variability experienced throughout the entire delta during the ice-off season. Flood events from Great Slave Lake and the Slave River play a key role in controlling modern water balances and isotopic compositions of lakes in the delta. Levee height throughout the delta seems to strongly affect local hydrology, with areas having the greatest levee heights also having the most enriched lake water compositions, and areas having the lowest levee heights having the most depleted isotopic signatures. Outer delta and mid-delta lakes experience the greatest amount of flooding during the spring. Lakes that are affected by spring flood events have a more depleted isotopic signature than those lakes in the upper delta. Discrepancies between δ18O- and δ2H-derived E/I ratios have been effectively reconciled by incorporating site-specific information into the mass balance equations, and allowing mixing between Great Slave Lake (GSL) vapour δE, a large body of water adjacent to the delta and advected atmospheric vapour δA. The use of locally derived parameters also ensures a more accurate depiction of local conditions. Good correlation can be observed during July 2003, between mixing of GSL vapour and atmospheric moisture, when the lakes water balances were solely affected by evaporation. The mixing ratios obtained from two of the study lakes suggest that 5 – 16% of ambient atmospheric moisture was derived from Great Slave Lake.

The use of the stable isotopes, 18O and 2H, has proven to be a valuable tool in determining the importance of various hydrological controls on the modern water balances of Slave River Delta lakes, NWT, Canada. Samples collected during the 2002 and 2003 field season have shown that delta lakes exhibit highly systematic isotopic variability over the entire delta. The major influences observed to be affecting Slave River Delta lakes include spring snowmelt runoff, flood events from the Slave River, seiche events from Great Slave Lake and thaw season precipitation events. An important component of Slave River Delta lake modern water balances is evaporation, the main controlling factor of water loss in the study lakes, as well as isotopic variability experienced throughout the entire delta during the ice-off season. Flood events from Great Slave Lake and the Slave River play a key role in controlling modern water balances and isotopic compositions of lakes in the delta. Levee height throughout the delta seems to strongly affect local hydrology, with areas having the greatest levee heights also having the most enriched lake water compositions, and areas having the lowest levee heights having the most depleted isotopic signatures. Outer delta and mid-delta lakes experience the greatest amount of flooding during the spring. Lakes that are affected by spring flood events have a more depleted isotopic signature than those lakes in the upper delta. Discrepancies between δ18O- and δ2H-derived E/I ratios have been effectively reconciled by incorporating site-specific information into the mass balance equations, and allowing mixing between Great Slave Lake (GSL) vapour δE, a large body of water adjacent to the delta and advected atmospheric vapour δA. The use of locally derived parameters also ensures a more accurate depiction of local conditions. Good correlation can be observed during July 2003, between mixing of GSL vapour and atmospheric moisture, when the lakes water balances were solely affected by evaporation. The mixing ratios obtained from two of the study lakes suggest that 5 – 16% of ambient atmospheric moisture was derived from Great Slave Lake.