Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 69% of adults with child sexual abuse (CSA) experiences. Although the Ehlers and Clark model of PTSD (2000) explains the symptom maintenance cycle in this condition, it is unclear why male CSA survivors are less likely to disclose and seek help. This study proposed incorporating additional perspectives into the cognitive model of PTSD: gender role perceptions as impacting on negative cognitions and disclosure ability as a manifestation of avoidance. One hundred and fifty CSA survivors took part in an online study, which consisted of validated questionnaires and open-ended questions. Statistical regression and mediation models examined the associations between negative cognitions, disclosure ability, gender perceptions, and PTSD symptoms. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes within disclosure and CSA’s impact on gender role perceptions. Posttraumatic cognitions accounted for most of the variance in PTSD scores. Undifferentiation was associated with PTSD scores via more posttraumatic cognitions; androgyny was associated with fewer negative cognitions about the self and the world. Four key themes in participant disclosure experiences and CSA’s impact on gender role perceptions were identified. Clinical implications for therapeutic work with male and female survivors were discussed.

This qualitative study used a multiple case study methodology to explore the nonverbal communication behaviors and role perceptions of pre-service band teachers, and the extent to which these individuals found meaning and value in theatre seminars with respect to those factors. The informants participated in three theatre seminars taught by theatre faculty at the researcher's university. The researcher collected data in the form of videotaped theatre seminar observations, videotaped classroom teaching observations, videotaped informant reflections of teaching episodes, online peer discussions and journaling, and informant interviews. Data were analyzed, coded, and summarized to form case summaries. A cross-case analysis was performed to identify emergent themes. The broad themes identified were past experience, adaptation, realization, and being aware. The informants found that the theatre seminars increased their awareness of nonverbal communication behaviors in the classroom, and had the potential to be meaningful and valuable with respect to their perceptions of their roles as teachers.

Based on qualitative, semi-structured interviews with six journalists from five different editorial offices in Sweden, this study explores the journalists’ role perceptions and professional ideals in relation to their reporting of the war in Ukraine and its refugees. Three research questions were formulated to find out which ideals the journalists subscribe to (on a general level), whether they are perceived differently in relation to war reporting than other genres and, lastly, which ideals the journalists found to be the most important when reporting about the Ukrainian refugees and the war. The theoretical framework, consisting of sociological perspectives and Hanitzsch and Vos (2017) process model of journalistic roles, was applied in the analysis. This study shows that the professional ideals that have been identified and established by previous research, such as informing the public and reporting objectively, remain important also during a war situation. What might change, is the extent to which the ideals are followed. Reporting the truth was more emphasized in the context of a war, while presenting different opinions and sides was considered less important. The ideal of supporting democracy was found to be given precedence over objectivity in the case of the war in Ukraine. Arousing compassion for the Ukrainians and raising the underrepresented was also deemed meaningful. This study highlights the situational aspect of journalistic roles and ideals, suggesting that they are not quite as stable and homogenous as they have been made out to be, which can be further examined in other contexts.

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No / This book examines how political communication and the mass media have played a central role in the consolidation of emerging democracies around the world. Covering a broad range of political and cultural contexts, including Eastern and Southern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa, this new volume investigates the problems and conflicts arising in the process of establishing an independent media and competitive politics in post-autocratic societies. Considering the changing dynamic in the relationship between political actors, the media and their audience, the authors of this volume address the following issues: Changing journalistic role perceptions and journalistic quality The reasons and consequences of persisting instrumentalization of the media by political actors The role of the media in election campaigns The way in which the citizens interpret political messages and the extent to which the media influence political attitudes and electoral behaviour The role of the Internet in building a democratic public sphere.