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This study explores three syntactic issues in the Romanian DP: the cliticization of the definite article, the syntactic position of postnominal APs, and the syntactic properties and position of cel. / First, I show that the affixation of the definite article can be derived by syntactic head movement of the host element to D0. The distributional asymmetries among adjectives with respect to the definite article are accounted for by hypothesizing that they occur in two structurally distinct positions. Adjectives that surface prenominally are heads in the extended nominal projection; while adjectives that surface postnominally are maximal projections. I show that prenominal adjectives (a) block head-movement of the noun to D 0, (b) bypass the same elements as the noun, and (c) are blocked by the same element as the noun. / In chapter 3, I claim that APs surfacing between the noun and its complement are generated to the left of N; and APs that follow the complement of the noun are generated to the right. The postnominal surface position of the former APs is derived by leftward noun head-movement as opposed to remnant phrasal-movement. The evidence hinges on the relative scope among APs. I show that the symmetric approach, supported here, generates all and only attested word-order---scope pairings; while antisymmetry generates additional, unattested pairs. / Finally, I account for the asymmetric distribution of prenominal versus postnominal cel relative to the definite suffix. In previous literature, cel was equated with D0. Conversely, I claim that cel heads a modifier phrase, say celP. I show that prenominal celP has the same syntactic distribution and properties as demonstratives, including the ability to license a covert definite D0; while postnominal celP, like all postnominal modifiers, lacks this property. / This study provides a guide to the structure and movements in the Romanian DP, from its lower domain, the base position of N, up to the DP domain. Throughout, this work, I argue that several empirical generalizations on syntactic distribution are best accounted for by head-movement and the Head Movement Constraint. The evidence I produce comes from morpho-syntax (e.g. cliticization), semantics (e.g. scope interpretation) and plain linear word-order.

Thesis--Zagreb, 1959. / Added t.p. in French. Bibliography: p. 24-32.

Thesis--Zagreb, 1959. / Added t.p. in French. Bibliography: p. 24-32.

Thesis--Leipzig. / Cover title. Vita. Includes index. Bibliography: p. [78]

Thesis--Leipzig. / Cover title. "Sonderabdruck aus dem XII. Jahresbericht des Instituts für rumänische Sprache zu Leipzig." Vita. Bibliography: p. 176-178.

This thesis will focus on the changes that modernization, especially during the transition period from communism to capitalism, brought to the use of the terms “domn” (sir) and “doamna” (lady) in Romania. The main question of the research will be whether these terms are still used and if they are used with the same meaning as they were before: in short, what does it mean to be ‘lady” or “sir” in modern Romania? The thesis will try to examine the way modern life lessened the differences between country side/rural life and town/urban life and between people with different educational levels. In Romania little research has been done examining how modernization affects everyday life and how individuals view and understand the world. Modernization is a key word in almost every field in Romania today, but the human dimension especially that of everyday life has not received much attention. The thesis will try to give a perspective on how the recent social transformations have changed the way people view themselves and the opportunities that developed as a result. Romania is an East European country in transition. This means that among other things that for Romanians things seem to change rapidly and sometimes abruptly in very short time, often without much sense or logic. The result is that Romanians have had to learn how to adapt very quickly and to learn new social and material skills almost every day. Romania and her passage from socialism to capitalism can be a laboratory for anthropological research on some of the disciplines central and emerging themes. Among these is how the elite is self constructed and self selected over time. Another is the role that shifts in elites can play in a country’s and a culture’s economic and cultural transitions. This research will also add to the literature on Romania because while elite’s effects, both positive and negative have received much media attention, the scholarly literature is almost silent in how elites are defined and emerged since 1989. The study of the elites will also bring a better understanding of the way people in Romania behave, understand and accept each other. It will also help us to understand their goals and how these got defined in this transition period in Romania’s history. Looking at how Romanians think about (categorize) each other will also help the rest of the world understand Romanian culture and society. This is important - especially for those inside and outside the country who have a stake in Romania’s future. / Romania, past and present : a historical and social background of status in Romania -- Status in Romania 2011 : fieldwork results -- Ideas over how status is perceived in present Romania. / Department of Anthropology

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 286-293).

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar as preposições de três línguas: latim, português e romeno. Divide-se, assim, em duas partes: uma teórica e outra, exemplificativa. Na primeira parte, após a exposição do método, comparativo e diacrônico, e do objeto de estudo, a língua e não a norma (segundo definição de COSERIU), desenvolve- se sucintamente um levantamento do uso dos termos \\\"preposição\\\" e \\\"prefixo\\\" desde sua criação até os dias atuais. Parte-se, depois, para uma definição de ambos os termos e para a delimitação de seu uso. Cita-se, então, o problema dos falsos prefixos, das preposições acidentais e das locuções prepositivas. : Feita a . distinção formal entre preposição, prefixo e advérbio, inicia-se uma explanação dos planos semânticos: espacial, temporal, biossocial e gramatical. O plano espacial será ó plano básico, a partir do qual se derivarão todas as demais idéias. Elenca-se e explica-se, enfim, certo número de passos do raciocínio (\\\"orientações semânticas\\\"). Na segunda parte, são apresentados os exemplos dos quais se deduziu a teoria da primeira parte e os oito capítulos que se seguem versam sobre um movimento ou posição determinada, a saber, \\\"afastamento\\\", \\\"aproximação\\\", \\\"meio\\\", \\\"circularidade\\\", \\\"verticalidade\\\", \\\"seqüência\\\", \\\"interioridade\\\" e \\\"proximidade\\\". Cada tipo é representado Partindo-se do latim, chega-se ao português e ao romeno, que, como sabido, são os extremos da România. Argumenta-se que as preposições conservam muito de seu sentido original, desde que sejam aplicadas essas \\\"orientações semânticas\\\". Observa-se, com isso, que elas não são desprovidas de significado e que sua complexidade semântica não deve ser entendida como um esvaziamento. / The aim of this work is a study of the prepositions of three languages: Latin, Portuguese and Romanian. It is divided into two parts: a theoretical and a demonstrative one. In the first part, after the exposition of the method - comparative and diachronical -and the subject, namely the language and not the norm (according to COSERIU\\\'s definition), a survey about the use of the terms \\\"preposition\\\" and \\\"prefix\\\" is briefly developed from their origin until nowadays. After that, both terms are defined and their use is delimited. The problems concerning false prefixes, accidental prepositions and prepositional locutions are also dealt with. A formal distinction has been made among prepositions, prefixes and adverbs. The semantic plans (spatial, temporal, biossocial and grammatical) are afterwards explained. The spatial plan is the basic one, from which ali other ideas are derivated. · Some raciocination steps are at last listed and explained (\\\"semantic orientations\\\"). In the second part, some examples are exhibited, from which the theory of the first part was inferred and the eight following chapters deal about a determined movement or position: \\\"severance\\\", \\\"approximation\\\", \\\"means\\\", \\\"circularity\\\", \\\"verticality\\\", \\\"succession\\\", \\\"interiority\\\" and \\\"proximity\\\". Each is represented by some prepositions/ prefixes. Starting from the Latin, one arrives at both already mentioned romanic languages that, as everyone knows, are spoken in the most extreme parts of the Roman Empire. The author argues that the prepositions preserve a great portion of their original sense, if those semantic orientations are applied on them. So, one observes that they are not meaningless and their semantic intricacy should not be understood as an emptying.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar as preposições de três línguas: latim, português e romeno. Divide-se, assim, em duas partes: uma teórica e outra, exemplificativa. Na primeira parte, após a exposição do método, comparativo e diacrônico, e do objeto de estudo, a língua e não a norma (segundo definição de COSERIU), desenvolve- se sucintamente um levantamento do uso dos termos \\\"preposição\\\" e \\\"prefixo\\\" desde sua criação até os dias atuais. Parte-se, depois, para uma definição de ambos os termos e para a delimitação de seu uso. Cita-se, então, o problema dos falsos prefixos, das preposições acidentais e das locuções prepositivas. : Feita a . distinção formal entre preposição, prefixo e advérbio, inicia-se uma explanação dos planos semânticos: espacial, temporal, biossocial e gramatical. O plano espacial será ó plano básico, a partir do qual se derivarão todas as demais idéias. Elenca-se e explica-se, enfim, certo número de passos do raciocínio (\\\"orientações semânticas\\\"). Na segunda parte, são apresentados os exemplos dos quais se deduziu a teoria da primeira parte e os oito capítulos que se seguem versam sobre um movimento ou posição determinada, a saber, \\\"afastamento\\\", \\\"aproximação\\\", \\\"meio\\\", \\\"circularidade\\\", \\\"verticalidade\\\", \\\"seqüência\\\", \\\"interioridade\\\" e \\\"proximidade\\\". Cada tipo é representado Partindo-se do latim, chega-se ao português e ao romeno, que, como sabido, são os extremos da România. Argumenta-se que as preposições conservam muito de seu sentido original, desde que sejam aplicadas essas \\\"orientações semânticas\\\". Observa-se, com isso, que elas não são desprovidas de significado e que sua complexidade semântica não deve ser entendida como um esvaziamento. / The aim of this work is a study of the prepositions of three languages: Latin, Portuguese and Romanian. It is divided into two parts: a theoretical and a demonstrative one. In the first part, after the exposition of the method - comparative and diachronical -and the subject, namely the language and not the norm (according to COSERIU\\\'s definition), a survey about the use of the terms \\\"preposition\\\" and \\\"prefix\\\" is briefly developed from their origin until nowadays. After that, both terms are defined and their use is delimited. The problems concerning false prefixes, accidental prepositions and prepositional locutions are also dealt with. A formal distinction has been made among prepositions, prefixes and adverbs. The semantic plans (spatial, temporal, biossocial and grammatical) are afterwards explained. The spatial plan is the basic one, from which ali other ideas are derivated. · Some raciocination steps are at last listed and explained (\\\"semantic orientations\\\"). In the second part, some examples are exhibited, from which the theory of the first part was inferred and the eight following chapters deal about a determined movement or position: \\\"severance\\\", \\\"approximation\\\", \\\"means\\\", \\\"circularity\\\", \\\"verticality\\\", \\\"succession\\\", \\\"interiority\\\" and \\\"proximity\\\". Each is represented by some prepositions/ prefixes. Starting from the Latin, one arrives at both already mentioned romanic languages that, as everyone knows, are spoken in the most extreme parts of the Roman Empire. The author argues that the prepositions preserve a great portion of their original sense, if those semantic orientations are applied on them. So, one observes that they are not meaningless and their semantic intricacy should not be understood as an emptying.