Global ETD Search

1	Ruleta a herní systémy / Roulette and its strategies Zadražil, Tomáš January 2017 (has links) Objective of this thesis is to describe history of gambling, in a context of roulette to explain basic and advanced parts of probability theory which allow to the reader to decide about function of several popular roulette systems. There was mainly used expected value of discrete random variable, homogenous discrete-time Markov chain and simulations made in programming language R. Concrete output of the thesis are in precisely calculated expected values of a profit with fixed spins and with chosen limitation and corresponding estimations provided by simulation. On the basis of that it's possible to decide which systems are functional and which are not. Main contribution of this text is in didactical approach which helps to describe popular problematics of roulette systems by using basic and advanced areas of probability theory.
2	Risk-taking and expenditure in digital roulette : examining the impact of tailored dynamic information and warnings on gambling attitudes and behaviours McGivern, Paul R. January 2018 (has links) Digital gambling is the fastest growing form of gambling in the world (Reilly & Smith, 2013a). Technological advancements continually increase access to gambling, which has led to increased social acceptance and uptake (Dragicevic & Tsogas, 2014) with Roulette being among the most popular games played both online and on Electronic Gaming Machines. In response, gambling stakeholders have drawn on the structural characteristics of gambling platforms to develop and improve Responsible Gambling (RG) devices for casual gamblers. Many RG data-tracking systems employ intuitive ‘traffic-light’ metaphors that enable gamblers to monitor their gambling (e.g. Wood & Griffiths, 2008), though uptake of voluntary RG devices is low (Schellinck & Schrans, 2011), leading to calls for mandatory RG systems. Another area that has received considerable RG research focus involves the use of pop-up messages (Auer & Griffiths, 2014). Studies have examined various message content, such as correcting erroneous beliefs, encouraging self-appraisal, gambling cessation, and the provision of personalised feedback. To date, findings have been inconsistent but promising. A shift towards the use of personalised information has become the preferred RG strategy, though message content and timing/frequency requires improvement (Griffiths, 2014). Moreover, warning messages are unable to provide continuous feedback to gamblers. In response to this, and calls for a ‘risk meter’ to improve monitoring of gambling behaviours (Wiebe & Philander, 2013), this thesis tested the impact of a risk meter alongside improved pop-up warning messages as RG devices for within-session roulette gambling. The thesis aimed to establish the optimal application of these devices for facilitating safer gambling behaviours. In support of the aims of RG research to evaluate the impact of devices on gambling attitudes and behaviours, the Elaboration Likelihood Model was identified as a suitable framework to test the proposed RG devices (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986). Both the interactive risk meter and pop-up messages were developed based on existing methods and recommendations in the RG literature, and examined via a series of laboratory-based roulette simulation experiments. Overall, results found the risk meter to be most effective when used as an interactive probability meter. Self-appraisal/Informative pop-up warnings were examined alongside expenditure-specific and hyrbid warnings. Findings showed that hybrid messages containing both types of information to be most effective, with optimal display points at 75%, 50%, 25% and 10% of remaining gambling credit. The final study tested both optimised devices (probability meter and hybrid messages). Results showed that using both RG devices in combination was most effective in facilitating reduced gambling risk and early within-session gambling cessation. Findings support the use of personalised, interactive RG devices using accurate context-specific information for the facilitation of safer gambling. The ELM was shown to be an effective model for testing RG devices, though findings suggested only temporary shifts in attitude change and a lack of impact on future gambling intentions. Overall, support for the implementation of RG devices that facilitate positive, temporary behaviour change that do not negatively impact on broader gambling attitudes or gambling enjoyment. Implications for theory, implementation, and RG frameworks are discussed, alongside recommendations for future research.
3	Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Gewichtsfenstergenerators für das Strahlungstransportprogramm AMOS Jakobi, Christoph 19 March 2018 (has links) (PDF) Effizienzsteigernde Methoden haben die Aufgabe, die Rechenzeit von Monte Carlo Simulationen zur Lösung von Strahlungstransportproblemen zu verringern. Dazu gehören weitergehende Quell- oder Geometrievereinfachungen und die Gewichtsfenstertechnik als wichtigstes varianzreduzierendes Verfahren, entwickelt in den 1950er Jahren. Die Schwierigkeit besteht bis heute in der Berechnung geeigneter Gewichtsfenster. In dieser Arbeit wird ein orts- und energieabhängiger Gewichtsfenstergenerator basierend auf dem vorwärts-adjungierten Generator von T.E. BOOTH und J.S. HENDRICKS für das Strahlungstransportprogramm AMOS entwickelt und implementiert. Dieser ist in der Lage, die Gewichtsfenster sowohl iterativ zu berechnen und automatisch zu setzen als auch, deren Energieeinteilung selbstständig anzupassen. Die Arbeitsweise wird anhand des Problems der tiefen Durchdringung von Photonenstrahlung demonstriert, wobei die Effizienz um mehrere Größenordnungen gesteigert werden kann. Energieabhängige Gewichtsfenster sorgen günstigstenfalls für eine weitere Verringerung der Rechenzeit um etwa eine Größenordnung. Für eine praxisbezogene Problemstellung, die Bestrahlung eines Personendosimeters, kann die Effizienz hingegen bestenfalls vervierfacht werden. Quell- und Geometrieveränderungen sind gleichwertig. Energieabhängige Fenster zeigen keine praxisrelevante Effizienzsteigerung. / The purpose of efficiency increasing methods is the reduction of the computing time required to solve radiation transport problems using Monte Carlo techniques. Besides additional geometry manipulation and source biasing this includes in particular the weight windows technique as the most important variance reduction method developed in the 1950s. To date the difficulty of this technique is the calculation of appropriate weight windows. In this work a generator for spatial and energy dependent weight windows based on the forward-adjoint generator by T.E. BOOTH and J.S. HENDRICKS is developed and implemented in the radiation transport program AMOS. With this generator the weight windows are calculated iteratively and set automatically. Furthermore the generator is able to autonomously adapt the energy segmentation. The functioning is demonstrated by means of the deep penetration problem of photon radiation. In this case the efficiency can be increased by several orders of magnitude. With energy dependent weight windows the computing time is decreased additionally by approximately one order of magnitude. For a practice-oriented problem, the irradiation of a dosimeter for individual monitoring, the efficiency is only improved by a factor of four at best. Source biasing and geometry manipulation result in an equivalent improvement. The use of energy dependent weight windows proved to be of no practical relevance. Effizienzsteigerung Monte-Carlo Monte-Carlo-Simulation AMOS Simulation Gewichtsfenster Gewichtsfenstertechnik Gewichtsfenstergenerator Strahlungstransport tiefe Durchdringung vorwärts-adjungiert Varianzreduktion Quellveränderungen Geometrieveränderungen Russisch Roulette Teilchensplitting Increasing efficiency Monte Carlo Monte Carlo simulation AMOS simulation weight windows weight window technique weight window generator radiation transport deep penetration forward-adjoint variance reduction source biasing geometry manipulation Russian roulette particle splitting ddc:530 rvk:UN 3020 Effizienzsteigerung Monte-Carlo Monte-Carlo-Simulation AMOS Simulation Gewichtsfenster Gewichtsfenstertechnik Gewichtsfenstergenerator Strahlungstransport tiefe Durchdringung vorwärts-adjungiert Varianzreduktion Quellveränderungen Geometrieveränderungen Russisch Roulette Teilchensplitting Increasing efficiency Monte Carlo Monte Carlo simulation AMOS simulation weight windows weight window technique weight window generator radiation transport deep penetration forward-adjoint variance reduction source biasing geometry manipulation Russian roulette particle splitting
4	Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Gewichtsfenstergenerators für das Strahlungstransportprogramm AMOS Jakobi, Christoph 13 March 2018 (has links) Effizienzsteigernde Methoden haben die Aufgabe, die Rechenzeit von Monte Carlo Simulationen zur Lösung von Strahlungstransportproblemen zu verringern. Dazu gehören weitergehende Quell- oder Geometrievereinfachungen und die Gewichtsfenstertechnik als wichtigstes varianzreduzierendes Verfahren, entwickelt in den 1950er Jahren. Die Schwierigkeit besteht bis heute in der Berechnung geeigneter Gewichtsfenster. In dieser Arbeit wird ein orts- und energieabhängiger Gewichtsfenstergenerator basierend auf dem vorwärts-adjungierten Generator von T.E. BOOTH und J.S. HENDRICKS für das Strahlungstransportprogramm AMOS entwickelt und implementiert. Dieser ist in der Lage, die Gewichtsfenster sowohl iterativ zu berechnen und automatisch zu setzen als auch, deren Energieeinteilung selbstständig anzupassen. Die Arbeitsweise wird anhand des Problems der tiefen Durchdringung von Photonenstrahlung demonstriert, wobei die Effizienz um mehrere Größenordnungen gesteigert werden kann. Energieabhängige Gewichtsfenster sorgen günstigstenfalls für eine weitere Verringerung der Rechenzeit um etwa eine Größenordnung. Für eine praxisbezogene Problemstellung, die Bestrahlung eines Personendosimeters, kann die Effizienz hingegen bestenfalls vervierfacht werden. Quell- und Geometrieveränderungen sind gleichwertig. Energieabhängige Fenster zeigen keine praxisrelevante Effizienzsteigerung.:1 Einleitung 2 Theoretische Grundlagen 2.1 Strahlungsfeldgrößen und Strahlungstransportgleichung 2.2 Monte Carlo Methoden 2.3 Effizienzsteigernde Methoden 3 Gewichtsfenstergenerator 3.1 Güte der Ergebnisse 3.2 Iterative Berechnung 3.3 Implementation in AMOS 4 Anwendungsbeispiele 4.1 Tiefe Durchdringung von Photonenstrahlung 4.2 Gestreute Photonenstrahlung 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Literatur Anhänge / The purpose of efficiency increasing methods is the reduction of the computing time required to solve radiation transport problems using Monte Carlo techniques. Besides additional geometry manipulation and source biasing this includes in particular the weight windows technique as the most important variance reduction method developed in the 1950s. To date the difficulty of this technique is the calculation of appropriate weight windows. In this work a generator for spatial and energy dependent weight windows based on the forward-adjoint generator by T.E. BOOTH and J.S. HENDRICKS is developed and implemented in the radiation transport program AMOS. With this generator the weight windows are calculated iteratively and set automatically. Furthermore the generator is able to autonomously adapt the energy segmentation. The functioning is demonstrated by means of the deep penetration problem of photon radiation. In this case the efficiency can be increased by several orders of magnitude. With energy dependent weight windows the computing time is decreased additionally by approximately one order of magnitude. For a practice-oriented problem, the irradiation of a dosimeter for individual monitoring, the efficiency is only improved by a factor of four at best. Source biasing and geometry manipulation result in an equivalent improvement. The use of energy dependent weight windows proved to be of no practical relevance.:1 Einleitung 2 Theoretische Grundlagen 2.1 Strahlungsfeldgrößen und Strahlungstransportgleichung 2.2 Monte Carlo Methoden 2.3 Effizienzsteigernde Methoden 3 Gewichtsfenstergenerator 3.1 Güte der Ergebnisse 3.2 Iterative Berechnung 3.3 Implementation in AMOS 4 Anwendungsbeispiele 4.1 Tiefe Durchdringung von Photonenstrahlung 4.2 Gestreute Photonenstrahlung 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6 Literatur Anhänge info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/530 ddc:530
5	Evoluční řešení Rubikovy kostky / Evolutionary Solving of Rubik's Cube Kollner, Aleš January 2010 (has links) This thesis deals with solving of the Rubik's cube. It describes the Rubik's cube and the famous methods for its composition. The main goal of this work is to propose an evelutionary method that for any configuration of blocks will lead to its composition. The theis describes the problem encoding, the proposed evelutionary algorithm and its proper configuration and deployment. The achieved results are commented on and compared with other known mehtods in conclusions.

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