Quellfähige Verbundwerkstoffe aus Ton und Polyakrylamid können große Quantitäten von Wasser absorbieren, behalten aber dabei eine hohe mechanische Festigkeit und gute Dämpfungseigenschaften und stellen daher eine neue Klasse von Hydrogelen mit potentiell interessanten technologischen Eigenschaften dar. Solche superabsorbierende Verbundwerkstoffe (SAPC) werden durch Polymerisation mit einem Elektronenstrahl oder Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht hergestellt. Die Untersuchung der Eigenschaften von SAPC mit Hilfe von XRD, SEM, DSC, TGA, FTIR und NMR (27Al, 29Si und C) zeigen, dass in der SAPC-Struktur das Akrylamid (AM) mit Montmorillonit in dreierlei unterschiedlichen Weisen verbunden ist: a. AM interkaliert in den Zwischenschichtraum von Montmorillonit in bimolekularen Schichten, die durch van-der-Waals-Kräfte und Wasserstoffbindungen verknüpft sind; b. AM gebunden an der Oberfläche von Montmorillonit durch Wasserstoffbindungen; c. AM als freies Polymernetzwerk. Die Ergebnisse der rheologischen, mechanischen und thermischen Untersuchungen von SAPC zeigen eine völlig vernetzte Struktur mit vergleichsweise hoher mechanischer Festigkeit und thermischer Stabilität. Die Verwendung von SAPC bei der Ölgewinnung (Erhöhung der Ausbeute), im Umweltschutz (Reduzierung sauerer Berge), der Agri- und Silvikultur (Pflanzen, Samenbau), der petrochemischen Industrie (Entwässern), im Bauingenieurwesen (Zementbeimischung) und als Sensorsubstanz demonstriert, dass SAPC ein hohes Potential für umweltfreundliche und wirtschaftliche alternative Zwecke hat.

The adsorption and organization of reactive microgels has been investigated on technical aluminium. By means of a two-step emulsion polymerisation with phosphate substituted monomer we obtain polymeric nano-particles with phosphate groups on the surface. In a first step cross-linked butyl acrylate/styrene particles were formed. In a second step a mixture of functionalised acrylate and butyl acrylate/styrene was added to the system. In this way, the composite particles were obtained. Particle size and size distribution were measured by F-FFF and light scattering methods. For phosphate functionalised dispersions, it was possible to show the distribution of P-species around particles by energy dispersive TEM easurements. These nano-particles adsorb spontaneously onto aluminium surfaces from aqeous dispersion. They form well packed layers, which have been proved by SEM measurements. The properties of the adsorbed microgel layers were confirmed by industrial linked adhesion and corrosion tests. Panels with adsorbed phosphate funczionalised particles have an excellent corrosion inhibition effect.

Due to their outstanding properties, poly(arylene ethers) are useful as toughness modifiers in epoxy resins (EP). Furthermore, these polymers show rather low intrinsic fire risks. According to recent research it has been incorporated that poly(arylene ether phosphine oxides) [PAEPO’s] can further improve the fire behavior. Increasing phosphorous content of the PAEPO can influence the fire behavior too. Fire retardants containing phosphorus – regardless of whether an additive or reactive approach is used – show different mechanisms in the condensed and gas phase. In the present study PSU Control (BPA based polysulfone) with four different PAEPO’s and their corresponding blends with an EP were investigated. All poly(arylene ether phosphine oxides) were synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation. The polymers obtained covered a wide range of weight average molar masses (6,000 – 150,000 g/mol) as determined by size exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering detection (MALLS). FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF revealed formation of the desired polymer structure of the linear poly(arylene ethers). All polymers were easily soluble in common organic solvents, thus enabling processing from solution.The pyrolysis and the fire retardancy mechanisms of the polymers and blends with epoxy resin (EP) were tackled by means of a comprehensive thermal analysis (thermogravimetry (TG), TG-evolved gas analysis) and fire tests [PCFC, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter]. The Mitsunobu reaction of Dimethyl-5-hydroxyisophthalate and a long chain semifluorinated alcohol requires triphenyl phosphine as a reactant. Identical, in some case higher yield was obtained in the usual conditions, with triphenyl phosphine and with trivalent phosphorus containing polymers, which was prepared in solvent free bulk (melt) polymerization technique from trivalent phosphorus monomer and a silylated diphenol in presence of CsF. Purification and the recovery of the final product which is always a big challenge in case of Mitsunobu reaction, was far more easier using polymer compared to triphenyl phosphine. During polymerization there was a possibility to have polymer having repeating unit containing both trivalent phosphorus and phosphine oxide. The trivalent phosphorus content of the polymer can be varied using different molar concentration of CsF.