The purpose of this study was to determine if the implementation of a Behavioral Safety process in a high tech worksite decreases injuries and their severity. The study also sought to determine interest and participation in the corporate Behavioral Safety process. Past injury data were collected and analyzed from corporate and site-specific sources to compare injury rates of sites that had implemented the Behavioral Safety processes to sites that did not implement the process. A Behavioral Safety survey was administered to 1569 employees to determine the level of interest and perceptions of the Behavioral Safety Observation and Feedback (BSOF) process at Corvallis. The survey data was gathered using Websurveyor software. No discernable differences in OSHA Recordable Case Rate (OCR) and Lost Workday Case Rate (LWCR) were noted for sites that had implemented BSOF processes when compared to those that had not implemented the process. Behavioral Safety sites, however, showed decreases in the Lost Workday Rates (LWR), whereas the Non-Behavioral Safety sites showed increases in the LWR, suggesting that more severe injuries have declined at BSOF sites. The results showed that there was a decrease in the number of injuries in the Corvallis high-risk job grouping from the period of FY'98 to FY'01. Individuals in this job class operate manufacturing equipment, maintain equipment, work in labs, or clean room environments. Similarly, there was an increase in the number of injuries in the medium and low-risk job groupings. These results suggest that the respondents in higher-risk areas (e.g. operators) were more likely to agree that there is a need to have a Behavioral Safety Process in place and functioning. In lower-risk areas (e.g. office workers), the respondents were less likely to agree that participation in a Behavioral Safety process is needed. Individuals who worked in manufacturing areas demonstrated more support for the process than did individuals in office environments. Additionally, in areas where management support was present, more employee support was visible. The study showed an overall low level of interest in the process among participants, and a lower level of interest by non-participants. Most would prefer to use a process other than BSOF to improve personal behavior. Despite the lack of interest in BSOF by participants, the respondents only partially supported a voluntary process and they indicated increased safety awareness at work and at home. This included increased recognition of safe behaviors in the work area, and an improved ability to give and receive feedback to others. / Graduation date: 2002

One of the problems in organizations, especially in hospitals, is that injury rates are increasing because most safety programs lack the essential safety measures for accident reduction in the workplace. The study examined the safety measures that played a role in accident and injury reduction in the workplace. Specifically, the old and new safety programs of an anonymous company was investigated to identify the safety measures that distinguished both programs, their impact on injury rates, and whether the variables of safety program and the variables of safety performance are independent. Data were described by a narrative method, displayed by descriptive statistics, and analyzed by chi square test of independence. The results showed that: (1) The new safety program had twenty-one additional safety measures more than the old safety program; (2) The old safety program increased the recordable injuries by an average of 85%, increased lost workday cases by an average of 14%, and increased incidence rates by an average of 31%; (3) The new safety program decreased the recordable injuries by 48%, decreased lost workday cases by 3%, decreased incidence rates by 51%, and decreased lost workday rates by 12%; and (4) chi square test of independence showed that the safety performance for the recordable injuries and lost workday cases were different across the old and new safety programs. X² (1, N = 1259) = 29.76, p < 0.001. The researcher concluded that: (1) The new management at the company was committed to safety performance improvements; (2) The new safety program performed better than the old safety program; and (3) safety performance variables were dependent of the safety program variables. The researcher recommended that the new management finalize pending policies and also, to perform facility safety inspections semi-annually rather than annually in selected areas so that hazards can be identified more quickly. Lastly, this study and the results thereof, provided useful information to safety professionals and organizations that plan to develop and implement a successful safety program that will reduce accidents and injuries in the workplace.

No description available.

The overall theme of the portfolio was an investigation into the management of occupational safety and health in the aircraft maintenance facilities. Specifically, the study was the determination of certain safety and health factors that can cause accidents. The focal points were the literature review of status on occupational safety and health adopted in the aircraft maintenance industry, the relationship between certain factors and lost time injury/severity rate and a case study on a Malaysian aircraft maintenance facility. / Thesis (DBA(DoctorateofBusinessAdministration))--University of South Australia, 2007.

Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.

One of the problems in organizations, especially in hospitals, is that injury rates are increasing because most safety programs lack the essential safety measures for accident reduction in the workplace. The study examined the safety measures that played a role in accident and injury reduction in the workplace. Specifically, the old and new safety programs of an anonymous company was investigated to identify the safety measures that distinguished both programs, their impact on injury rates, and whether the variables of safety program and the variables of safety performance are independent. Data were described by a narrative method, displayed by descriptive statistics, and analyzed by chi square test of independence. The results showed that: (1) The new safety program had twenty-one additional safety measures more than the old safety program; (2) The old safety program increased the recordable injuries by an average of 85%, increased lost workday cases by an average of 14%, and increased incidence rates by an average of 31%; (3) The new safety program decreased the recordable injuries by 48%, decreased lost workday cases by 3%, decreased incidence rates by 51%, and decreased lost workday rates by 12%; and (4) chi square test of independence showed that the safety performance for the recordable injuries and lost workday cases were different across the old and new safety programs. X² (1, N = 1259) = 29.76, p < 0.001. The researcher concluded that: (1) The new management at the company was committed to safety performance improvements; (2) The new safety program performed better than the old safety program; and (3) safety performance variables were dependent of the safety program variables. The researcher recommended that the new management finalize pending policies and also, to perform facility safety inspections semi-annually rather than annually in selected areas so that hazards can be identified more quickly. Lastly, this study and the results thereof, provided useful information to safety professionals and organizations that plan to develop and implement a successful safety program that will reduce accidents and injuries in the workplace.

The purpose of this thesis is to make a survey of the growth and development of safety. Safety-consciousness in the individual may be developed by determining the educational contributions that have been made in the field of safety by industrial and social organizations.

Purpose: There is a pressing need to enhance patient safety in the hospital environment. While there are many initiatives that focus on improving patient safety, few have studied engaging patients themselves to participate in patient safety efforts. This work was motived by the belief that patients can contribute valuable information to their care and when equipped with the right tools, can play a role in improving medication safety in the hospital. Methods: This research had three aims and used a mixed-methods approach to better understand the concept of engaging patients to improve medication safety. In order to gain insight into whether patients could beneficially contribute to the safety of their hospital care, my first aim was to understand current perspectives on the sharing of clinical information with patients while they were in the hospital. To accomplish this aim, I conducted surveys with clinicians and enrolled patients in a short field study in which they received full access to their clinical chart. In Aim 2, I conducted a study to establish that the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), a common measure of patient engagement in the outpatient setting, showed reliability and validity in the inpatient setting. Building on the knowledge from Aim 1 and using the PAM instrument from Aim 2, my third aim evaluated the impact of providing patients with access to a medication review tool while they were preparing to be admitted to the hospital. Aim 3 was achieved through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 65 patients I recruited from the emergency department at Columbia University Medical Center. I also conducted a survey of admitting clinicians who had patients participate in the trial to identify the impact on clinician practices and to elicit feedback on their perceptions of the intervention. Results: My research findings suggest that increased patient information sharing in the inpatient setting is beneficial and desirable to patients, and generally acceptable to clinicians. The clinician survey from Aim 1 showed that most respondents were comfortable with the idea of providing patients with their clinical information. Some expressed reservations that patients might misunderstand information and become unnecessarily alarmed or offended. In the patient field study from Aim 1, patients reported perceiving the information they received as highly useful, even if they did not fully understand complex medical terms. My primary contribution in Aim 2 was to provide sound evidence that the Patient Activation Measure is a valid and reliable tool for use in the inpatient setting. Establishing the validity and reliability of the PAM instrument in inpatient setting was essential for conducting the RCT in Aim 3, and it will provide a foundation for future clinicians and research investigators to measure and understand hospital patients’ levels of engagement. The results from the RCT in Aim 3 did not support my primary hypothesis that clinicians who had patients participate in their medication review process using an informatics tool would make more changes to the home medication list than clinicians who had patients in the control group. However, the results did suggest that most hospital patients are knowledgeable, willing, and able to contribute useful and important information to the medication reconciliation process. Interestingly, the clinicians I surveyed seemed far less convinced that their patients would be able to beneficially participate in the medication reconciliation process due to low health literacy and other barriers. Nevertheless, the clinicians did seem to believe that in theory, at least, patient involvement in the medication reconciliation process could have positive impacts on their workflow and potentially save them time. Conclusion: The overall theme resulting from my research is that patients can be a valuable resource to improve patient safety in the hospital. Patients are generally knowledgeable and willing to more actively participate in their hospital care. By developing the structures and processes to facilitate greater patient engagement, hospitals can provide an extra layer of safety and error prevention, particularly with respect to the medications patients take at home. As with any medical treatment, active participation in patient safety efforts may not be possible for all patients. However, I believe that if the culture of a hospital encourages openness and transparency, and if patients are given the proper tools and information, the quality and safety of hospital care will improve.

Abstract The main purpose of this study is to explore the perception of senior and vocational high school students regarding safety climate and safety performance in the campus. Based on the review of campus safety events, related literatures on campus safety, and the analysis of validity and reliability, a questionnaire was developed which includes 91-item campus safety climate (CSC) scale, 46-item campus safety performance (CSP) scale, 98-item campus safety event likelihood (CSEL) scale. The factor analysis of CSC located four factors including: school commitment and action, student's commitment and perception of risk, safety attitude, response during an emergency, which explain 38.67% of the total variance. And CSP scale results in four factors: safety organization and management, safety training, safety equipment and measures, maintenance and event investigation, which explain 59.85% of the total variance. The researcher distributed 3280 questionnaires to students in 41 senior and vocational high schools in Taiwan. Of these 41 schools, 21 schools were chosen because of their poor performance in campus safety while the other 20 schools were selected due to their bright performance in campus safety. And 2837 valid questionnaires have been returned. The retrieving rate of the questionnaires is 86.49%. The independent-sample T test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and canonical correlation analysis is has been applied to the analysis of the raw data. The major findings of the research are listed below: 1. Significant positive correlation between CSC and CSP is found. The strongest positive correlation exists between school commitment and action and CSP; the second one is between student's commitment and perception of risk and CSP. 2. School commitment and action is the best predictor to CSP, and the second one is student's commitment and perception of risk. 3. The more score a school gets in CSEL scale, the less campus safety events happened at that school. The significant positive correlation can be found among CSEL, CSC and CSP scale. And the correlation is especially high between CSEL and safety equipment and measure, the same is happened between CSEL and CSP. 4. The most frequent campus event among senior and vocational high school students is injures during exercises and games (26.3%). The next campus event is the conflicts between teachers and students (13.2%). The third one is traffic accidents outside the campus (12%). And the fourth one is the fights among teenagers (10.9%). 5. CSC, CSP and CSEL scales can provide available information for the control of campus safety event and for the direction of prevention campaigns. Keywords: campus safety climate, campus safety performance, campus safety perception

In the ten year period between 2004 and 2013 the UK lost 13 operational, and one non-operational, firefighters at fires, a relatively large number in relation to previous losses. These fatalities occurred during a period in which fire fatalities of members of the public were at an all‐time low but fire and rescue services (FRS) and their staff were being accused in the media of becoming risk averse. This research was focussed on investigating the risk attitudes and safety culture in the English fire and rescue services. The research question asked how the safety culture manifests itself in the English fire and rescue service and what are its implications? A mixed approach to the research was adopted utilising both quantitative and qualitative methods. The research strategy was inductive using a multiple case study. A safety culture questionnaire was designed and then piloted in one FRS with the responses being subjected to a factor analysis the results of which indicated there were four dimensions: management, procedures, competence, and work pressures. The final version of the questionnaire was then distributed across five FRSs from which 845 were returned, of which 823 were used in a series of statistical analyses. Two independent variables were used in the analysis; the first consisted of the individual FRSs, the second consisted of three groups based on Schein’s three generic subcultures of executive, designer and operator. These were aligned with principal officers (PO), senior officers (SO), and Watch based (WB) staff respectively. The analysis of the completed questionnaires indicated that the WB group had a negative attitude towards their FRS safety culture, while the SO and PO groups had a more positive attitude with the PO the most positive. All three groups were significantly different to each other. In conducting the qualitative part of the mixed methods the researcher rode with three Watches at a station in each of three FRSs to observe the behaviour of WB staff and attending SOs at incidents and during their daily activities. During the course of the fieldwork nineteen members across all of the participating FRSs were interviewed, and twenty‐four focus groups were conducted. What was clear was that the competence based training system was not popular with WB staff who believed it to be too bureaucratic, whilst SOs and POs believed that it had not fulfilled their expectations of what it would deliver. There were also concerns expressed that the promotion system, associated with the competence‐based training, was producing managers and not the leaders required on the incident ground. It was concluded that safety culture within the FRS is associated with the systems, policies and procedures reflective of FRS management’s level of risk tolerance producing a rule-based decision‐making bureaucracy; this level of risk tolerance then influences how operational firefighters operate on the incident ground. In the world of the operational firefighter a typical incident, which by its very nature is a temporary event, is laden with uncertainty, complexity and in which all the potential risks may not yet have been identified with decision‐making being focussed on problem‐solving. FRS personnel find themselves operating in a risk climate in which they build temporary command structures, construct temporary processes and controls reflecting the incident commander’s risk appetite for the purpose of moving towards operating in a safety climate in which to resolve the incident. The combination of the FRS’s safety culture and the operational firefighter’s risk climate determine what the researcher has defined as the FRS operational culture.