This thesis proposes a reinterpretation of assumptions towards material value. It is a positive argument in favour of adaptive re-use, not only as a means to divert waste but also as encouragement to reconsider our current habits of consumption. This paper promotes a discussion of our current environmental predicament rather then a one-sided statement and acts as a guide to re-evaluate our sense of value. This dissertation puts forward design solutions and alternatives to certain materials that are part of our everyday lives. The design projects herein adapt existing objects into ordinary household items, as an intended gesture of nostalgia toward the object’s previous form, while at the same time, taking on a raw elegance of aesthetic quality: the projects are raw in their material origins and elegant in their form and function. This work is intended to evolve into an ongoing discussion of salvaged material as a response to problems of consumption and waste, as well as to highlight an ongoing process of design.

This thesis proposes a reinterpretation of assumptions towards material value. It is a positive argument in favour of adaptive re-use, not only as a means to divert waste but also as encouragement to reconsider our current habits of consumption. This paper promotes a discussion of our current environmental predicament rather then a one-sided statement and acts as a guide to re-evaluate our sense of value. This dissertation puts forward design solutions and alternatives to certain materials that are part of our everyday lives. The design projects herein adapt existing objects into ordinary household items, as an intended gesture of nostalgia toward the object’s previous form, while at the same time, taking on a raw elegance of aesthetic quality: the projects are raw in their material origins and elegant in their form and function. This work is intended to evolve into an ongoing discussion of salvaged material as a response to problems of consumption and waste, as well as to highlight an ongoing process of design.

Recent increases in hard fault rates in modern chip multi-processors have led to a variety of approaches to try and save manufacturing yield. Among these are: fine-grain fault tolerance (such as error correction coding, redundant cache lines, and redundant functional units), and large-grain fault tolerance (such as disabling of faulty cores, adding extra cores, and core salvaging techniques). This paper considers the case of core salvaging techniques and the heterogeneous per- formance introduced when these techniques have some salvaged and some non-faulty cores. It proposes a hypervisor-based hardware thread scheduler, triggered by detection of spin locks and thread imbalance, that mitigates the loss of throughput resulting from this het- erogeneity. Specifically, a new algorithm, called Most ProgressMade algorithm, reduces the number of synchronization locks held on a salvaged core and balances the time each thread in an application spends running on that core. For some benchmarks, the results show as much as a 2.68x increase in performance over a salvaged chip multi-processor without this technique.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-04-23T13:38:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luís Francisco Corrêa Ribeiro_.pdf: 1080802 bytes, checksum: 93868eff7fa9729ff0514517c644e2eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-23T13:38:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luís Francisco Corrêa Ribeiro_.pdf: 1080802 bytes, checksum: 93868eff7fa9729ff0514517c644e2eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-16 / Nenhuma / A estagnação da economia vivida nos anos 1980 e suas consequências nos primeiros anos da década de 1990 levaram o Brasil a uma grave crise econômica que elevou os índices de desemprego a patamares alarmantes. Frente a este cenário, muitas empresas entraram em colapso financeiro, o que ocasionou o encerramento das atividades, de forma voluntária ou por meio de processos falimentares. A presente tese tem como objeto de investigação a análise na mudança da cultura organizacional – mediada por processos formativos – e das especificidades econômico-sociais de empresas recuperadas por ex-empregados e reconfiguradas sob o formato de cooperativas de trabalhadores no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O problema central indaga se as cooperativas com essas características aplicam efetivamente os princípios cooperativos e da autogestão nas atividades cotidianas, tendo em vista as ambiguidades e contradições que vivenciam para se manter, frente às demandas relacionadas à competição, presentes no sistema capitalista; e, se as mesmas podem ser circunscritas no que se considera economia solidária. Como objetivo geral, propõe-se analisar o processo de constituição das cooperativas de trabalhadores por ex-empregados de empresas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e os efeitos das mudanças organizacionais no processo de recuperação, sob o ponto de vista dos princípios cooperativos e da autogestão. Para operacionalizar a pesquisa, foram identificadas dez cooperativas com este perfil, por meio do cadastro do Sistema Ocergs/Sescoop e da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Empresas Recuperadas por Trabalhadores (2013), das quais duas deixaram de operar na fase inicial da pesquisa e uma recusou-se a participar. Então, integram o estudo sete cooperativas, localizadas em seis municípios gaúchos, sendo três do ramo educacional, três do ramo produção e uma do ramo turismo e lazer. A condução metodológica da pesquisa definiu-se pelo método descritivo, com estudo de casos múltiplos. Os dados foram produzidos em trabalho de campo, adotando-se procedimentos de diversas naturezas, como: pesquisa bibliográfica; análise documental; questionários aplicados junto a um grupo de cooperados; entrevistas em profundidade com gestores das cooperativas; dois grupos focais realizados com cooperados; e, por fim, a observação direta das atividades, em situações específicas. Os resultados evidenciam que: os princípios do cooperativismo e da autogestão são praticados de modo parcial; a cultura organizacional é caracterizada por um processo de transição que busca mudanças no que diz respeito à maior transparência na tomada de decisões e à convivência entre as pessoas, com mais abertura, diálogo e participação; e, os efeitos econômicos e sociais refletem-se na manutenção dos postos de trabalho e na consequente continuidade dos rendimentos. Conclui-se que as cooperativas mantêm praticamente a mesma estrutura da empresa ou instituição anterior, promovendo algumas adaptações ao novo formato de gestão; os princípios cooperativos e da autogestão sofrem restrições impostas pela competição capitalista; e, principalmente, o que comanda as ações nas cooperativas é o viés econômico, mesmo que a preocupação com o ser humano não seja desprezada. Entende-se que essas cooperativas podem ser consideradas como integrantes do campo da economia solidária, caracterizadas como empresas autogestionárias, ainda que vivenciem restritivamente os princípios cooperativos e da autogestão e que algumas não participem ou estejam inseridas nas esferas políticas da economia solidária. / The economic stagnation in the 80s and its consequences in the first years of the 90s led Brazil to a severe economic crisis, which raised the unemployment index to alarming levels. In view of this setting, many companies have financially collapsed and closed its operations voluntarily or under insolvency proceedings. This thesis investigative object is to analyze the changes occurred in the organizational culture – mediated by formative processes – and the social-economic specificities of companies recovered by former employees that were reconfigured as labor cooperatives in the Rio Grande do Sul State. The core problem inquires if these labor cooperatives effectively apply the cooperative and self-management principles in daily activities, considering the ambiguities and contradictions they face to survive in a capitalist system, its competition-related demands and also if they can be circumscribed in a solidarity economy scenario. In its general purpose, this paper analyses the labor cooperative constitution process held by former employees of bankrupt companies in Rio Grande do Sul State and the effects of organizational changes in the recovery/constitution process from the cooperative and self management point of view. To operationalize the research, a ten cooperatives sample was identified through the Ocergs/Sescoop System and the national survey about ‘Recovered Companies by Workers’ issued in 2013. From these ten, two closed down their operations and one refused to participate as study subject. Therefore, seven cooperative are subject of this study, which are located in six different municipalities. Three of them are in the educational branch, other three in the production branch and the other remaining cooperative is in the tourism and recreation sector. The research methodology was conducted by the descriptive method and included multiple case studies. The data were developed in fieldwork, which adopted many procedures, such as bibliographical research, documental analysis, questionnaires filled by cooperated people groups, in-depth interviews with cooperative managers, two focal groups held with cooperated people, and the direct observation of the cooperatives activities in specific situations. The findings indicate that: a) the cooperative and self-management principles are partially applied; b) the organizational culture is characterized by a transition process that seeks to make changes into a greater transparency in decisional process and in the people coexistence that are more open to dialogue and participation; and c) the social-economic effects implies the maintenance of the employment level and its consequent income continuity to cooperate people. In conclusion, the cooperatives basically maintain the same structure from the bankrupted company, promoting some adaptations aiming the new management format; also the cooperative and self-management principles are restricted by the capitalist competition; and what command actions in these cooperatives is the economic aspect, although the concern with the people is not neglected. It is also possible to comprehend that these cooperative belong to the solidarity economy field, regardless their limits to the full application of the cooperative and self-management principles and some of them do not participate or are not part of the solidarity economy policies.