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This report is a result of a bachelor thesis at the school of Architecture and the Built environment (corresponding to 15 HP) and is written during spring 2012 at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm. The Bachelor's essay is based on the design and dimensioning of a house which is located at a predetermined site in Malmo, Sweden. The idea is to construct a house that is appropriate to use for an average Swedish family of four family members. The house is designed in a modern way with respect to ease of access and disabled facilities. The installation that have been considered are heating, ventilation, sanitation and electricity. Construction calculations and material selection are also discussed. Furthermore, a study about photovoltaic cells has been done. The purpose of the study is to decide whether photovoltaic cells are an advantageous energy system to the house with respect to economical and technical aspects. The result of the study shows that solar cells has an efficiency of 14% and gives a surplus of electricity during the summer, the cells gives more than half the need of electricity during the spring. However, the production of electricity is low during autumn and winter. The system of the photovoltaic cells is fairly easy to install, and dose not require maintenance, however the system is expensive because the cost of investment is more than 227 000 kr. The annual saving is about 6700 kr but the investment will be profitable only after 18 years.

Ett småhus har projekterats som skall byggas i Malmö. Fasaden består av lockpanel och taktäckningen av plåt. Fönstren är av treglas från Velfac. Grunden är en platsgjuten platta på mark med 250 millimeter cellplast under. Stommen är en träregelstomme med W- takstolar. Ytterväggarna är uppbyggda med tre skikt isolering där det mellanliggande lagret får löpa fritt utan att brytas av reglar(förutom runt fönstren). Totalt är det ca 410 millimeter isolering i ytterväggarna. Huset har en yta på 104 kvm och är uppvärmt med fjärvärme som distribueras via radiatorer. Ventilationssystemet är ett FTX-system med 80 % värmeåtervinning. Det totala effektbehovet är 3,3 kW och det totala energibehovet är 9 MWh/år. Värmekostnaden är beräknad till 9850 kr/år. Den totala kostnaden (material och arbete ingår) för hela huset uppskattas till ca 1,5 miljoner kronor inklusive moms.

This report is the product of the course AF101X, a bachelors degree in Samhällsbyggnad at KTH. . The task of the course is to design a small house at a given location and also implement a deepening study. The house in this report is located in Kiruna in the north of Sweden, where the climate is much colder than in the rest of the country. The deepening study of this report is to evaluates how realistic passive housing north of the Polar Circle is based on those facts. The house will to some extent be designed to fit the passive housing standard. This standard serves also as a base for calculations in account of energy use. The passive house standard given in FEBY 12 says that the maximum energy use for a passive house is allowed to be 31 kWh/m2, year and the heat loss coefficient (VFT) is allowed to be 19 W/m2Atemp. The main part of this report have been to dimension the climate shell as good as possible and the heat exchange the ventilation system to recycle as much energy as possible. The result was that the heat loss coefficient is 17 W/m2Atemp and the energy use is 51 kWh/m2,year, which means that the passive housing standard could not be satisfied with the given conditions.

In this paper we have theoretically built a house designed for people with impaired mobility. The essay begins with an introduction in which the purpose of the work, the methodology and the depth-research part is presented. Then the layout that explains how we intend to adapt the house for the demands detailed in the depth-research part is presented. In the same chapter various structural components, such as different floors and walls, are specified. In the selection of materials we have taken into account the criteria of our specialization and adaptation to the aesthetic aspects, where we evaluate materials based upon our wishes regarding technique and form. There are also other aspects that are important in the selection of materials, including that these are adapted to technical traits of the construction elements and installations. In a later chapter the technical installations such as ventilation systems, heating systems, electricity and sanitation are presented, where both technical and financial aspects are described in detail. The economic aspects are also described in connection with calculating the building's power and energy requirements and then presented in the section where costs are accounted for. Finally, the work is summarized in the section “Conclusion and Discussion” in which we analyze all the work, and based on these analyses conclusions are drawn. During the course of work regulations such as Boverkets Byggregler (BBR) and other sources were used. These sources are presented in the bibliography section. We also received help and guidance from our supervisors in various parts of the work, which we are grateful for.

In this essay, we have compared a conventional house to a passive house. The houses shared the same local conditions; they have the same living area and the same layout. The differences between the houses were the different construction solutions for the roof, the outer walls, the floor and the heating system. Both the houses qualify the standards from BBR and the passive house also lives up to FEBY ’ s special conditions. The purpose with the essay was to examine if it really is profitable to build small hoses as passive houses. We chose to answer the question through studying the investment costs on the houses and investigate how different they were. Then, with consideration to the difference in energy consumption between the two, do a cost analysis to reach a verdict. From our cost analysis, we gather that it will cost around 5 percent more to build the house as a passive house. Although, at the same time the energy consumption will decrease with 37 percent per year, this leads to a saved amount of 3424 kr per year. We gather that during the first 21 years of living in the house, we will not regain our investment. Finally at year 22 and thereafter we will make a saving, it turns out to be about 96 000 kr over the time of 50 years living in the house.

As a newly graduated student in construction you rarely have as much knowledge as you wish you had. It is a complicated line of business that requires knowledge and understanding of both technical solutions and interaction between actors. It is impossible to be fully learned and with that much unknown it can be hard to know where to start. This report is one step in the right direction. It contains a planning that contains construction and installations for a one level house in Kiruna with its different choices motivated. There is also a section about prefabricated frameworks of concrete and steel. An interview has been done as research about a few critical moments that can be helpful if one finds itself in the role of a production leader.

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