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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Alfabetiza??o de crian?as e jovens: superando desafios da inclus?o escolar

Brito, Janira Bezerra de 30 March 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JaniraBB_DISSERT.pdf: 1495557 bytes, checksum: 8283cd6d7f620fe12abbe3b6ac4edadf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / This work has its genesis in the life of a teacher. It contemplates the report of a great story that expresses the political will of anonymous people who sought/seek to overcome challenges and prejudices, a joint effort to make real the right to literacy. The reported story was developed in the Pedagogic Clinic Teacher Heitor Carrilho, Natal-RN which, concerned about the sentence of 'unable to learn the written language' attributed to children and young public school students, decided to invest in overcoming prejudices and fight against school failure of these underprivileged. The problem that motivated the study was thus set up: What particularities characterize a pedagogical practice which aims to teach literacy to children and youth from public schools, considered not capable of learning the written language? What theoretical and methodological procedures are shown as a boost to literacy in the development of a pedagogical practice systematically targeted to reflect the perspective of educating those students in public schools? Aiming to answer these questions, we conducted a qualitative research having as methodology, Life Stories and Research/Formation. For the construction of the data, it was decided to use the participative observation, semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Guided by the principles of content analysis the data analysis was built, from which emerged two categories: theoretical and methodological procedures aligned to the major axes of literacy and Procedures of the specific theoretical and methodological fundamentals of literacy. As subsets of the transverse procedures others were seized: didactic-pedagogic procedures; social affective procedures. Regarding these ones, the research shows the importance of the teacher to build a relationship of listening to the students and their families in order to organize the pedagogical work, looking at multiple dimensions of the subject: the intellect, the creative, the affective, moral, noting that between the methodology and didactics or as part of it, the links built represent great opportunities to promote literacy. Regarding the specific procedures, others were built: procedures that emphasize oral communication, procedures that favor writing and procedures that privilege reading. Under these procedures, the results of research show that you can only promote literacy if the teacher provides the students effective conditions of understanding the principles of alphabetical notation from the use of various kinds of texts, leading them to comprehend and use them in different contexts. Therefore, instructors must meet the learners' prior knowledge, their language, and the learning real needs that will bring new challenges consistent with their possibilities. The research confirms the importance of the Educational Support extra school. However, it is essential to emphasize that it is a function of the school to promote literacy for all students in the early years of schooling. It is recorded, however, that for the implementation of this desire, we must break the school model characterized by a rigid tradition, in which there is only room for those who learn the content taught in a minimum time. Unfortunately, despite the discourse of inclusion and ensuring the right to education, the school remains exclusive and selective separating the school learning of interpersonal relations and social integration and performance. On the one hand, research showed the difficulties of conducting studies and/or strategies that address the particularities of children and young people believed not capable of learning. On the other hand, the political commitment and motivation have increased the perception that it is possible to mitigate the existing deficits in the educational context, beginning with the everyday teaching practice, in which new knowledge can be learned, methodologies can be improved and, despite everything, the educational success can be built / Este trabalho tem sua g?nese na vida profissional de uma professora. Contempla o relato de uma grande hist?ria que expressa a vontade pol?tica de pessoas an?nimas, que buscaram/buscam a supera??o de desafios e preconceitos, num esfor?o conjunto de tornar realidade o direito ? alfabetiza??o. A hist?ria relatada foi desenvolvida na Cl?nica Pedag?gica Professor Heitor Carrilho, em Natal-RN que, preocupada com a senten?a de incapazes de aprenderem a l?ngua escrita , imputada a crian?as e jovens alunos da escola p?blica, decidiu investir na supera??o de preconceitos e na luta contra o fracasso escolar desses deserdados. A problem?tica que motivou o estudo foi, assim, configurada: Que peculiaridades caracterizam uma pr?tica pedag?gica que objetiva alfabetizar/letrar crian?as e jovens da escola p?blica, considerados n?o-capazes de aprenderem a l?ngua escrita? Que procedimentos te?rico-metodol?gicos s?o evidenciados como potencializadores da alfabetiza??o/letramento, no desenvolvimento de uma pr?tica pedag?gica, refletida e sistematicamente orientada na perspectiva de alfabetizar os referidos alunos da escola p?blica? Objetivando responder tais quest?es, foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, tendo como metodologia, as Hist?rias de Vida e a Pesquisa/Forma??o. Para a constru??o dos dados, optou-se pela observa??o participante, entrevista semi-estruturada e an?lise documental. Norteada por princ?pios da an?lise de conte?do, foi constru?da a an?lise dos dados, de onde emergiram duas categorias: Procedimentos te?rico-metodol?gicos transversais aos grandes eixos da alfabetiza??o/letramento e Procedimentos te?rico-metodol?gicos espec?ficos dos grandes eixos da alfabetiza??o/letramento. Como subcategorias dos procedimentos transversais, foram apreendidos: procedimentos did?tico-pedag?gicos; procedimentos s?cio afetivos. No tocante a estes, a pesquisa aponta a import?ncia do professor construir uma rela??o de escuta com seus alunos e familiares, a fim de organizar o trabalho pedag?gico, contemplando as m?ltiplas dimens?es do sujeito: o intelecto, o criativo, o afetivo, o moral, destacando que entre a metodologia e a did?tica ou como parte dela, os v?nculos bem constru?dos representam grandes possibilidades de favorecer a alfabetiza??o. Com rela??o aos procedimentos espec?ficos, foram constru?dos: procedimentos que privilegiam a oralidade; procedimentos que privilegiam a escrita; procedimentos que privilegiam a leitura. No ?mbito desses procedimentos, os resultados da pesquisa apontam que s? ? poss?vel promover a alfabetiza??o/letramento, se o professor propiciar aos alunos condi??es efetivas de compreens?o dos princ?pios de nota??o alfab?tica, a partir do uso dos mais diversos g?neros textuais, conduzindo-os a compreenderem e utiliz?-los nos diferentes contextos. Para tanto, o docente precisa respeitar os conhecimentos pr?vios dos aprendizes, sua linguagem, necessidades reais de aprendizagem, para que venha a lan?ar novos desafios compat?veis com as suas possibilidades. A pesquisa ratifica a import?ncia do Apoio Pedag?gico no contraturno da escola. Todavia, ? fundamental que se enfatize que ? fun??o da escola promover a alfabetiza??o de todos os seus alunos nos primeiros anos de escolaridade. Registra-se, por?m, que para a concretiza??o desse anseio, ? preciso romper com o modelo de escola marcada por uma r?gida tradi??o, em que s? h? espa?o para aqueles que aprendem o conte?do ensinado, num tempo m?nimo. Infelizmente, apesar do discurso de inclus?o e da garantia do direito ? educa??o, a escola permanece excludente e seletiva, dissociando as aprendizagens escolares das rela??es interpessoais e de inser??o e atua??o social. Por um lado, a investiga??o evidenciou as dificuldades de se desenvolverem estudos e/ou estrat?gias que contemplem as particularidades de crian?as e jovens ditos n?o-capazes de aprenderem. Por outro lado, o compromisso pol?tico e a motiva??o t?m ampliado a percep??o de que ? poss?vel atenuar os deficits existentes no contexto educacional, come?ando pela pr?tica docente cotidiana, onde novos saberes podem ser apreendidos, metodologias podem ser melhoradas e, a despeito de tudo, o sucesso escolar pode ser constru?do

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