• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 3
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 7
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Reliability of cold-formed steel screwed connections in tilt-and bearing

Van Wyk, Rudolf 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African National Standard for the structural use of cold-formed steel (SANS 10162-2) provides capacity prediction models for screwed connections. Screwed connections are designed against shear failure of the screw(s), section tear-out, net section failure and tilt-andbearing failure. Previous studies (Rogers & Hancock, 1997) showed that the capacity is typically determined by the tilt-and-bearing type failure mode. The aim of this document is to report on the reliability of single screwed connections in cold-formed steel against this critical failure mode. Predicted nominal capacities depend on the ultimate tensile strength of the steel, the thickness of the connected plates and the diameter of the screw. Design capacities are obtained by multiplying the nominal capacities by a capacity reduction factor of 0.5, according to SANS 10162-2. Reliability is assessed by means of FORM analyses, taking uncertainty in the prediction model and variability of input parameters into account. Laboratory testing of 222 single screwed connections allowed to statistically describe the model factor, i.e. the ratio of actual tested- over unbiased predicted capacity. For each connection, the steel strength, plate thickness and screw diameter were measured, with the measured values used to predict capacity. This implies that the model factor accounts for uncertainty in the prediction model and experimental setup, while the variability of input parameters is separately accounted for through appropriate statistical modelling. Variability in the input parameters was described using appropriate statistical distributions from expert literature (Holicky, 2009:199; JCSS, 2000). For steel strength, the mean value and standard deviation were obtained from tensile tests, while mean values and standard deviations of the plate thickness and screw diameter were obtained from the above mentioned measurements. The experimental work and numerical analysis resulted in a model factor with a mean just exceeding unity and a small standard deviation. This suggests that the design code under consideration is able to accurately predict the nominal capacity of screwed connections. The FORM analysis resulted in computed reliability indexes significantly higher than the corresponding target values which suggest conservative and reliable design formulations. Die eksperimentele werk en numeriese analise het gelei tot 'n model faktor met 'n gemiddeld hoër as een en 'n klein standaardafwyking. Dit dui daarop aan dat die ontwerp-kode onder oorweging in staat is om die nominale kapasitiet van skroef verbindings akkuraat te voorspel. Die betroubaarheid analise het gelei tot betroubaarheidsindekse aansienlik hoër as die ooreenstemmende teiken waardes wat daarop dui dat die ontwerp formulerings betroubaar en hoogs konserwatief is. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Standaard vir die strukturele gebruik van koud gevormde staal (SANS 10162-2) bied voorspellingsmodelle vir die kapasitiet van skroef verbindings. Skroef verbindings word ontwerp teen skroef faling, staal profiel faling, die uitskeer van skroewe en ook faling weens skroef kanteling. Vorige studies (Rogers & Hancock, 1997) het getoon dat die kapasiteit gewoonlik bepaal word deur die skroef-kantel falingsmodus. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om verslag te doen oor die betroubaarheid van tipiese enkel skroef verbindings in koud gevormde staal strukture teen hierdie kritiese falingsmodus. Voorspelde nominale kapasiteite hang af van die treksterkte van die staal, die dikte van die verbonde profiele en die diameter van die skroef. Volgens die SANS 10162-2 word die ontwerp kapasiteit verkry deur die nominale kapasiteit met 'n kapasiteitsverminderingsfaktor van 0.5 te vermenigvuldig. Betroubaarheid word ontleed deur middel van ʼn eerste orde betroubaarheidsmetode analise, met die in ag neming van onsekerheid in die voorspellingsmodel en wisselvalligheid van die parameters. Laboratoriumtoetse van 222 enkel skroef verbindings het ʼn statistiese beskrywing van die model faktor toegelaat. Die model faktor is bereken as die verhouding tussen die getoetste kapasitiet en die voorspelde kapasitiet. Die staal sterkte, profiel dikte en skroef diameter is gemeet vir elke verbinding met die gemete waardes wat gebruik is om die kapasiteit te voorspel. Dit beteken dat die model faktor slegs onsekerhede in die voorspellingsmodel en van die eksperimentele opstelling in ag neem, terwyl die wisselvalligheid van die parameters afsonderlik in ag geneem word deur toepaslike statistiese modellering. Variasie in die parameters is beskryf met gepaste statistiese verdelings voorgestel deur verskeie literatuur (Holicky, 2009:199; JCSS, 2000). Aangaande die staal sterkte, is die gemiddelde waardes en standaardafwykings verkry deur standaard trek toetse terwyl die gemiddelde waardes en standaardafwykings van die plaat dikte en skroef diameter verkry is deur die bogenoemde metings.
2

Análise comparativa do grau de rotação de parafusos para sistema UCLA em estruturas fundidas em monobloco provenientes de \'abutments\' calcináveis e com cinta de Colbato-Cromo / Comparative analysis of the rotational angle degree on UCLA burnout/Cobalt-Chromium machined collar abutment screws for one-piece cast metal frameworks

Butignon, Luis Eduardo 21 May 2007 (has links)
Problemática: De ocorrência clínica bastante comum, o afrouxamento dos parafusos que compõe uma prótese sobre implante é uma complicação que traz transtornos tanto para o profissional quanto para o paciente. Proposição: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o grau de rotação de parafusos de titânio (grau 5), durante testes de torque, re-torque e os valores de destorque (Ncm), sobre infra-estruturas fundidas em monobloco, a partir de abutments tipo UCLA totalmente calcináveis e com cinta usinada em Co-Cr. Material e métodos: Um dispositivo leitor da quantidade de graus foi especialmente desenvolvido para este estudo, juntamente com um software . Dois implantes Revolution - SIN de 3,75 mm de diâmetro e 13 mm de comprimento e hexágono externo foram montados na base de um dispositivo e diretamente sobre eles foram obtidos os padrões para fundição dos corpos de prova. Cada corpo de prova foi formado por dois abutments tipo UCLA, totalmente calcináveis ou com cinta em Co-Cr, interligados por uma barra acrílica. Foram obtidos 10 corpos de prova para cada grupo e 40 parafusos de titânio (Grau 5) foram usados para os testes. Obteve-se então a medição do ângulo criado durante o aperto e re-aperto dos parafusos, sendo o re-aperto realizado após 10 minutos do aperto inicial, ambos sob torque de 30Ncm. Após o procedimento de re-aperto, o valor de destoque era imediatamente aferido e anotado em Ncm, possibilitando avaliar a quantidade de torque retido pelo parafuso após o procedimento, sendo esta seqüência realizada 3 vezes para cada corpo de prova. Análises em MEV foram realizadas nas bases de assentamento dos abutments antes e após a realização dos testes, assim como na superfície dos parafusos, a fim de se encontrar eventuais danos na microestrutura dos mesmos. O teste ?t? de student foi aplicado para uma avaliação entre os grupos e o teste ANOVA a um critério foi utilizado para análise intra-grupo. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que durante os procedimentos de torque (aperto), os parafusos empregados em infra-estruturas obtidas a partir de abutments totalmente calcináveis apresentaram um maior grau de rotação (ensaio1: 61,664°; ensaio 2: 47,718°; ensaio 3: 47,374°), quando comparados aos parafusos empregados em infra-estruturas obtidas de abutments com cinta usinada em Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 49,038°; ensaio 2: 41,636°; ensaio 3: 43,273°), sendo a diferença entre os grupos estatisticamente significante em todos os ensaios realizados; P<0,05. Além disso, em ambos os grupos, a maior rotação dos parafusos ocorreu no primeiro aperto dos mesmos tanto durante o procedimento de torque quanto no procedimento de re-torque. Durante o re-torque, o ângulo formado na cabeça dos parafusos também foi sempre maior para o grupo Acrílico Calcinável (ensaio 1: 14,591°; ensaio 2: 12,987°; ensaio 3: 13,095°), comparado ao grupo Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 11,481°; ensaio 2: 10,117°; ensaio 3: 12,213°), sendo que diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada entre os ensaio 1 e 2; P<0,05. Os valores médios de destorque (quantidade de torque retido durante o aperto dos parafusos) também foram sempre maiores para o grupo Acrílico Calcinável (ensaio 1: 27,325Ncm; ensaio 2: 27,050Ncm; ensaio 3: 26,975Ncm), quando comparado ao grupo Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 26,250Ncm; ensaio 2: 26,975Ncm; ensaio 3: 26,400Ncm), porém sem diferença estatisticamente significante. As Imagens obtidas das análises em MEV demonstraram que as superfícies das bases de assentamentos do abutments obtidos a partir de abutments totalmente calcináveis apresentaram grandes irregularidades superficiais, comparadas às obtidas a partir de bases usinadas em Co-Cr, as quais apresentaram um padrão mais liso e uniforme. Quanto à análise dos parafusos, foi encontrado que as maiores deformações dos mesmos ocorrem na base de assentamento de sua cabeça no interior do abutments assim como na região da sua primeira rosca (apical). Conclusões: Tanto para o momento de torque quanto para o momento de re-torque, infra-estruturas do grupo Acrílico Calcinável permitiram maior rotação dos parafusos dos abutments, quando comparados com o grupo Co-Cr. Na análise dos valores de destorque, estatisticamente os grupos foram considerados semelhantes. Imagens em MEV, antes da realização dos testes de torque, re-torque e destorque revelaram que a base de assentamento do grupo Acrílico Calcinável apresentou aspecto mais irregular da fundição quando comparado ao grupo Co-Cr. Em ambos os grupos, partículas de titânio foram encontradas incrustadas nestas bases de assentamento após a realização desses testes, segundo dados do EDS. As imagem em MEV revelaram ainda que os parafusos se deformam principalmente na base de sua cabeça que se assenta no interior dos abutments, assim como na região da sua primeira rosca(apical). / Problem: The abutment screw loosening is a common drawback which concerns both patients and practitioners. Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the rotational angle degree of Grade V titanium screws during torque, retorque and detorque steps (Ncm) on one-piece cast metal frameworks obtained from UCLA burnout/Co-Cr machined collar abutments. Material and methods: Two external hexagonal implants with 3.75mm in diameter and 13mm in length (Revolution, SIN) were secured to a metallic base and the wax patterns directly fabricated over them. The UCLA burnout/ Co-Cr machined collar abutments were screwed to the implants and joined together with an acrylic resin bar. Ten samples for each abutment type were fabricated. Forty Grade V titanium screws were used in the test. The rotation angle degree was measured with the aid of an specially constructed device and a computer software, during torque and retorque procedures, being the retorque made 10 minutes after the initial torque, both under 30Ncm. After the retorque procedures, the detorque values were measured. The overall sequence (torque, retorque, and detorque) was made three times for each sample. SEM analysis at the implant-abutment interfaces were made before and after the tests, as well as on the screw surfaces to detect possible microdamaging. The Student?s t test was used for between group analyses and the one-way ANOVA test for within group analyses. Results: The rotational angle degree was higher for screws used in the UCLA burnout (test 1: 61,664°; test 2: 47,718°; test 3: 47,374°) than in the Co-Cr machined collar abutments (test 1: 49,038°; test 2: 41,636°; test 3: 43,273°) (P<.05). The highest rotational degree values were observed on the first screwing during torque and retorque procedures. During retorque, the angle formed on the screw head was higher for the UCLA burnout (test 1: 14,591°; test 2: 12,987°; test 3: 13,095°) than the Co-Cr machined collar abutments (test 1: 11,481°; test 2: 10,117°; test 3: 12,213°), being these differences statistically significant between the first and second screwing (P<.05). The mean detorque values were higher in the UCLA burnout (test 1: 27,325Ncm; test 2: 27,050Ncm; test 3: 26,975Ncm) than in the Co-Cr machined collar screw abutments (test 1: 26,250Ncm; test 2: 26,975Ncm; test 3: 26,400Ncm), but not statistically significant. The SEM images demonstrated that the seating surface of the UCLA burnout abutments presented greater irregularities than the Co-Cr machined collar surfaces, which present a more smooth and flat pattern. Greater deformations were found at the seating abutment screw undersurfaces and in the first apical thread as well. Conclusions: The rotational degree was higher in the torque and retorque procedures for UCLA burnout than in the Co-Cr machined collar screw abutments. The detorque values were similar in both groups. The SEM images before torque, retorque and detorque procedures revealed more surface irregularities in the UCLA burnout abutments. In both groups, titanium debris were found in the seating abutment platforms after the tests by EDS images. The SEM images revealed that the abutment screws suffer deformation in the abutment head undersurface as well as in their first apical threads.
3

Ligações em silos metálicos de chapas corrugadas: proposta de um parafuso alternativo

Ficanha, Daniele Cristina 11 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-24T19:35:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniele _Ficanha2016.pdf: 2114781 bytes, checksum: 4cf98bf8089cd41a33e68e5cfc4c1ba8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T19:35:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniele _Ficanha2016.pdf: 2114781 bytes, checksum: 4cf98bf8089cd41a33e68e5cfc4c1ba8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-11 / The function of metal silos consists in storing and preserving the quality of the grains. For that, it is extremely important the correct dimensioning in order to guarantee efficiency and security of the set. The possibility of a metal silo implantation is based mainly in the cost and weight of the primary raw material, the steel. The side plates represent the biggest part of the raw material used. The feasibility of a new fixation element, the alternative bolt, responsible for the connections of the silo body’s elements increase the resistance of the side plate, becoming attractive and economic for all users of metal silos. The elaboration of an alternative bolt was based on ISO 4016 (2000) regarding chemical composition and mechanical properties. Mass from the hexagonal head of the traditional bolt was withdrawn and added in the cut plan of the alternative bolt, making it an oblong element and round head. Prototypes of the alternative bolt were developed with the same raw material, temper process and bichromatization as the executed in the traditional bolts. Twenty-three samples of the traditional bolt and sixteen samples of the alternative bolt were produced through the method of direct shearing. The model’s premises were verified, in which the increase in shearing area in the alternative bolt’s cutting plan produced effects in the shearing resistance in the traditional bolt. Through the result of the alternative bolt, it was possible to determine the random error average variable of the model , validating the theoretical functions of the probability distribution for the representation of the statistic information of this random variable, determining the correct strength of the alternative bolt as 107,40 kN. In order to use the alternative bolt in metal silos, 27 samples of the traditional bolt and 3 samples of the alternative bolt were compared, both using support plates of the same material used in the silos, to verify if the plate influences the bolt’s shearing resistance. The parameters used in the definition of the crushing and tearing resistance were determined by tensile tests on the support plates, quantification to the breaking point, as well as the distance between the hole and the edge were determined, to be superior to the resistance of the bolts calculations. It was not possible to determine the influence of the support plate in the resistance of the alternative bolt shear, since the support plate crushed it and it reached only deformed plastic state. The comparison between the averages for the sample of the alternative bolt may have produced positive effects in the shear bolt resistance. / A função dos silos metálicos consiste em armazenar e preservar a qualidade dos grãos. Para isso, é de suma importância o dimensionamento adequado, a fim de garantir a eficiência e a segurança do conjunto. A possibilidade de implantação de um silo metálico baseia-se principalmente no custo e no peso da matéria prima: o aço. As chapas laterais representam a maior parte da matéria prima utilizada. A viabilização de um novo elemento de fixação, o parafuso alternativo, responsável pelas ligações dos elementos do corpo do silo aumentam a resistência da chapa lateral, tornando-se atrativo e econômico para todas as fontes usufruintes dos silos metálicos. A elaboração do parafuso alternativo baseou-se na ISO 4016 (2000) quanto à composição química e às propriedades mecânicas. Retirou-se massa da cabeça sextavada do parafuso tradicional e adicionou-se no plano de corte do parafuso alternativo, formando um elemento oblongo de cabeça redonda. Confeccionaram-se protótipos do parafuso alternativo com a mesma matéria prima, processo de têmpera e bicromatização que a executada nos parafusos tradicionais. Ensaiaram-se 23 amostras do parafuso tradicional e 16 amostras do parafuso alternativo pelo método do cisalhamento direto. Foram verificadas as suposições do modelo, no qual o aumento da área de cisalhamento no plano de corte do parafuso alternativo produziu efeitos na resistência ao cisalhamento do parafuso tradicional. A partir do resultado do parafuso alternativo foi possível determinar a média da variável aleatória erro do modelo, validando as funções teóricas de distribuição de probabilidades para a representação da informação estatística dessa variável aleatória, determinando a força correta do parafuso alternativo, de 107,40 kN. Com o intuito de utilizar o parafuso alternativo nas chapas do corpo de silos metálicos, comparou-se através do ensaio de 27 amostras do parafuso tradicional e 3 amostras do parafuso alternativo, ambos utilizando chapas laterais de silos metálicos para verificar se há influência da mesma na resistência ao cisalhamento dos parafusos. Os parâmetros utilizados na definição da resistência ao esmagamento e rasgamento foram determinados a partir do ensaio de tração das chapas de apoio, quantificação da tensão de ruptura, tal que as distâncias entre furo e borda foram determinadas para serem superiores à resistência de cálculo dos parafusos. Não foi possível a determinação da influência da chapa de apoio na resistência ao cisalhamento do parafuso alternativo, visto que a chapa de apoio esmagou e o mesmo chegou apenas ao estado de deformação plástica. A comparação entre as médias para a amostra de parafuso alternativo produziu efeitos positivos na resistência ao cisalhamento dos parafusos
4

Análise comparativa do grau de rotação de parafusos para sistema UCLA em estruturas fundidas em monobloco provenientes de \'abutments\' calcináveis e com cinta de Colbato-Cromo / Comparative analysis of the rotational angle degree on UCLA burnout/Cobalt-Chromium machined collar abutment screws for one-piece cast metal frameworks

Luis Eduardo Butignon 21 May 2007 (has links)
Problemática: De ocorrência clínica bastante comum, o afrouxamento dos parafusos que compõe uma prótese sobre implante é uma complicação que traz transtornos tanto para o profissional quanto para o paciente. Proposição: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o grau de rotação de parafusos de titânio (grau 5), durante testes de torque, re-torque e os valores de destorque (Ncm), sobre infra-estruturas fundidas em monobloco, a partir de abutments tipo UCLA totalmente calcináveis e com cinta usinada em Co-Cr. Material e métodos: Um dispositivo leitor da quantidade de graus foi especialmente desenvolvido para este estudo, juntamente com um software . Dois implantes Revolution - SIN de 3,75 mm de diâmetro e 13 mm de comprimento e hexágono externo foram montados na base de um dispositivo e diretamente sobre eles foram obtidos os padrões para fundição dos corpos de prova. Cada corpo de prova foi formado por dois abutments tipo UCLA, totalmente calcináveis ou com cinta em Co-Cr, interligados por uma barra acrílica. Foram obtidos 10 corpos de prova para cada grupo e 40 parafusos de titânio (Grau 5) foram usados para os testes. Obteve-se então a medição do ângulo criado durante o aperto e re-aperto dos parafusos, sendo o re-aperto realizado após 10 minutos do aperto inicial, ambos sob torque de 30Ncm. Após o procedimento de re-aperto, o valor de destoque era imediatamente aferido e anotado em Ncm, possibilitando avaliar a quantidade de torque retido pelo parafuso após o procedimento, sendo esta seqüência realizada 3 vezes para cada corpo de prova. Análises em MEV foram realizadas nas bases de assentamento dos abutments antes e após a realização dos testes, assim como na superfície dos parafusos, a fim de se encontrar eventuais danos na microestrutura dos mesmos. O teste ?t? de student foi aplicado para uma avaliação entre os grupos e o teste ANOVA a um critério foi utilizado para análise intra-grupo. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que durante os procedimentos de torque (aperto), os parafusos empregados em infra-estruturas obtidas a partir de abutments totalmente calcináveis apresentaram um maior grau de rotação (ensaio1: 61,664°; ensaio 2: 47,718°; ensaio 3: 47,374°), quando comparados aos parafusos empregados em infra-estruturas obtidas de abutments com cinta usinada em Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 49,038°; ensaio 2: 41,636°; ensaio 3: 43,273°), sendo a diferença entre os grupos estatisticamente significante em todos os ensaios realizados; P<0,05. Além disso, em ambos os grupos, a maior rotação dos parafusos ocorreu no primeiro aperto dos mesmos tanto durante o procedimento de torque quanto no procedimento de re-torque. Durante o re-torque, o ângulo formado na cabeça dos parafusos também foi sempre maior para o grupo Acrílico Calcinável (ensaio 1: 14,591°; ensaio 2: 12,987°; ensaio 3: 13,095°), comparado ao grupo Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 11,481°; ensaio 2: 10,117°; ensaio 3: 12,213°), sendo que diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada entre os ensaio 1 e 2; P<0,05. Os valores médios de destorque (quantidade de torque retido durante o aperto dos parafusos) também foram sempre maiores para o grupo Acrílico Calcinável (ensaio 1: 27,325Ncm; ensaio 2: 27,050Ncm; ensaio 3: 26,975Ncm), quando comparado ao grupo Co-Cr (ensaio 1: 26,250Ncm; ensaio 2: 26,975Ncm; ensaio 3: 26,400Ncm), porém sem diferença estatisticamente significante. As Imagens obtidas das análises em MEV demonstraram que as superfícies das bases de assentamentos do abutments obtidos a partir de abutments totalmente calcináveis apresentaram grandes irregularidades superficiais, comparadas às obtidas a partir de bases usinadas em Co-Cr, as quais apresentaram um padrão mais liso e uniforme. Quanto à análise dos parafusos, foi encontrado que as maiores deformações dos mesmos ocorrem na base de assentamento de sua cabeça no interior do abutments assim como na região da sua primeira rosca (apical). Conclusões: Tanto para o momento de torque quanto para o momento de re-torque, infra-estruturas do grupo Acrílico Calcinável permitiram maior rotação dos parafusos dos abutments, quando comparados com o grupo Co-Cr. Na análise dos valores de destorque, estatisticamente os grupos foram considerados semelhantes. Imagens em MEV, antes da realização dos testes de torque, re-torque e destorque revelaram que a base de assentamento do grupo Acrílico Calcinável apresentou aspecto mais irregular da fundição quando comparado ao grupo Co-Cr. Em ambos os grupos, partículas de titânio foram encontradas incrustadas nestas bases de assentamento após a realização desses testes, segundo dados do EDS. As imagem em MEV revelaram ainda que os parafusos se deformam principalmente na base de sua cabeça que se assenta no interior dos abutments, assim como na região da sua primeira rosca(apical). / Problem: The abutment screw loosening is a common drawback which concerns both patients and practitioners. Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the rotational angle degree of Grade V titanium screws during torque, retorque and detorque steps (Ncm) on one-piece cast metal frameworks obtained from UCLA burnout/Co-Cr machined collar abutments. Material and methods: Two external hexagonal implants with 3.75mm in diameter and 13mm in length (Revolution, SIN) were secured to a metallic base and the wax patterns directly fabricated over them. The UCLA burnout/ Co-Cr machined collar abutments were screwed to the implants and joined together with an acrylic resin bar. Ten samples for each abutment type were fabricated. Forty Grade V titanium screws were used in the test. The rotation angle degree was measured with the aid of an specially constructed device and a computer software, during torque and retorque procedures, being the retorque made 10 minutes after the initial torque, both under 30Ncm. After the retorque procedures, the detorque values were measured. The overall sequence (torque, retorque, and detorque) was made three times for each sample. SEM analysis at the implant-abutment interfaces were made before and after the tests, as well as on the screw surfaces to detect possible microdamaging. The Student?s t test was used for between group analyses and the one-way ANOVA test for within group analyses. Results: The rotational angle degree was higher for screws used in the UCLA burnout (test 1: 61,664°; test 2: 47,718°; test 3: 47,374°) than in the Co-Cr machined collar abutments (test 1: 49,038°; test 2: 41,636°; test 3: 43,273°) (P<.05). The highest rotational degree values were observed on the first screwing during torque and retorque procedures. During retorque, the angle formed on the screw head was higher for the UCLA burnout (test 1: 14,591°; test 2: 12,987°; test 3: 13,095°) than the Co-Cr machined collar abutments (test 1: 11,481°; test 2: 10,117°; test 3: 12,213°), being these differences statistically significant between the first and second screwing (P<.05). The mean detorque values were higher in the UCLA burnout (test 1: 27,325Ncm; test 2: 27,050Ncm; test 3: 26,975Ncm) than in the Co-Cr machined collar screw abutments (test 1: 26,250Ncm; test 2: 26,975Ncm; test 3: 26,400Ncm), but not statistically significant. The SEM images demonstrated that the seating surface of the UCLA burnout abutments presented greater irregularities than the Co-Cr machined collar surfaces, which present a more smooth and flat pattern. Greater deformations were found at the seating abutment screw undersurfaces and in the first apical thread as well. Conclusions: The rotational degree was higher in the torque and retorque procedures for UCLA burnout than in the Co-Cr machined collar screw abutments. The detorque values were similar in both groups. The SEM images before torque, retorque and detorque procedures revealed more surface irregularities in the UCLA burnout abutments. In both groups, titanium debris were found in the seating abutment platforms after the tests by EDS images. The SEM images revealed that the abutment screws suffer deformation in the abutment head undersurface as well as in their first apical threads.
5

Konstrukce mobilního horizontálního štípacího stroje na dřevo / Design of mobile horizontal wood-splitting machine

Dressler, Jan January 2010 (has links)
This thesis shows making of documentation for production powerfull wood-splitting machine for hardest forestal work. There are researched and soluted all phases of pre-production machine's lifecycle, also means analysis of conception, potentional risks and failures analysis and also definition of required properties. Based on those properties and results of analyses is possible to setting up condition which should be satisfied. At following part are descripted and shown features of machine-design . Main feature (component) of machine is its frame, also there are strenght analysis of frame. Machine movement features are mainly hydraulics pistons which are powered by asynchronous engine, whith alternative possibility movement by wheel tractor power-take off shaft or hydraulics output. There are performed all important properties. Working safety questions and high endurability of machine shold be also performed. At the end of work is realised conception and design study of forestal production system for wood processing with one universal source of energy – wheeled tractor.
6

Untersuchungen an Verbindungselementen für Holzkonstruktionen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau

Eckardt, Ronny 22 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser Arbeit werden Berechnungsvorschriften für Insertverbindungen in Holzfurnierlagenverbundwerkstoffen (WVC) mit dem Ziel erstellt, diese zur Auslegung und Nachweisführung in Anwendungen des Maschinenbaus zu verwenden. Nach Definition eines entsprechenden Anforderungsprofils erfolgt eine umfangreiche Darstellung des Standes der Technik. Dabei wird speziell auf die rechnerische Nachweisführung von Verbindungen im Bauwesen eingegangen, schwerpunktmäßig durch die im Eurocode 5 (DIN EN 1995) definierten Modelle für stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel. Im zweiten, praktischen Teil der Arbeit erfolgt die Durchführung und Auswertung umfangreicher Versuche. Dabei werden in einem ersten Schritt wesentliche Materialkennwerte der verwendeten Holzwerkstoffe bestimmt. Die zweite Gruppe der experimentellen Untersuchungen hat das Trag- und Verformungsverhalten vollständiger Insertverbindungen zum Inhalt. Dabei werden die unter statischen Aspekten wichtigen Einflussparameter auf die Tragfähigkeit bei Belastungen in Richtung sowie quer zur Stiftachse bestimmt und geometrische Vorzugsparameter ermittelt. Unter deren Zugrundelegung erfolgt eine Ausweitung der experimentellen Untersuchungen auf dynamische Lastfälle durch eine Ableitung von Wöhlerlinien bei Zugschwellbelastung. Auf Grundlage der durchgeführten Versuche werden Modelle zur Berechnung von Insertverbindungen nach den Methoden des Ingenieurholzbaus abgeleitet. Deren Anwendbarkeit wird an einem konkreten Beispiel in Form einer Transportrollenbahn für die Verwendung in der technischen Intralogistik demonstriert. / In this work, calculation fundamentals for insert fastenings in wood veneer composites (WVC) are developed with the aim to use them for the dimensioning and verification in mechanical engineering applications. After defining the functional requirements there is a comprehensive description of the best demonstrated available technology. The arithmetical verifications of connections used in civil engineering are thereby specifically addressed with the main focus on defined models for dowel type fasteners within Eurocode 5 (EN 1995). In the second part of the work comprehensive technical tests are implemented and evaluated. At first essential material properties of the used wood materials are determined. The following experiments contain the load bearing and deformation behavior of complete insert connections. The determination of important influencing parameters of the statical strength under axial and traverse loads is thereby involved, followed by an extension on dynamic load cases by a derivative of Woehler curves (stress - cycle diagram). Based on these experiments are models derived to provide calculation fundamentals to dimension insert connections. The practical applicability of the developed specifications is shown by dimensioning the connections of a roller conveyor made of WVC (technical logistics).
7

Untersuchungen an Verbindungselementen für Holzkonstruktionen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau

Eckardt, Ronny 19 December 2012 (has links)
In dieser Arbeit werden Berechnungsvorschriften für Insertverbindungen in Holzfurnierlagenverbundwerkstoffen (WVC) mit dem Ziel erstellt, diese zur Auslegung und Nachweisführung in Anwendungen des Maschinenbaus zu verwenden. Nach Definition eines entsprechenden Anforderungsprofils erfolgt eine umfangreiche Darstellung des Standes der Technik. Dabei wird speziell auf die rechnerische Nachweisführung von Verbindungen im Bauwesen eingegangen, schwerpunktmäßig durch die im Eurocode 5 (DIN EN 1995) definierten Modelle für stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel. Im zweiten, praktischen Teil der Arbeit erfolgt die Durchführung und Auswertung umfangreicher Versuche. Dabei werden in einem ersten Schritt wesentliche Materialkennwerte der verwendeten Holzwerkstoffe bestimmt. Die zweite Gruppe der experimentellen Untersuchungen hat das Trag- und Verformungsverhalten vollständiger Insertverbindungen zum Inhalt. Dabei werden die unter statischen Aspekten wichtigen Einflussparameter auf die Tragfähigkeit bei Belastungen in Richtung sowie quer zur Stiftachse bestimmt und geometrische Vorzugsparameter ermittelt. Unter deren Zugrundelegung erfolgt eine Ausweitung der experimentellen Untersuchungen auf dynamische Lastfälle durch eine Ableitung von Wöhlerlinien bei Zugschwellbelastung. Auf Grundlage der durchgeführten Versuche werden Modelle zur Berechnung von Insertverbindungen nach den Methoden des Ingenieurholzbaus abgeleitet. Deren Anwendbarkeit wird an einem konkreten Beispiel in Form einer Transportrollenbahn für die Verwendung in der technischen Intralogistik demonstriert. / In this work, calculation fundamentals for insert fastenings in wood veneer composites (WVC) are developed with the aim to use them for the dimensioning and verification in mechanical engineering applications. After defining the functional requirements there is a comprehensive description of the best demonstrated available technology. The arithmetical verifications of connections used in civil engineering are thereby specifically addressed with the main focus on defined models for dowel type fasteners within Eurocode 5 (EN 1995). In the second part of the work comprehensive technical tests are implemented and evaluated. At first essential material properties of the used wood materials are determined. The following experiments contain the load bearing and deformation behavior of complete insert connections. The determination of important influencing parameters of the statical strength under axial and traverse loads is thereby involved, followed by an extension on dynamic load cases by a derivative of Woehler curves (stress - cycle diagram). Based on these experiments are models derived to provide calculation fundamentals to dimension insert connections. The practical applicability of the developed specifications is shown by dimensioning the connections of a roller conveyor made of WVC (technical logistics).

Page generated in 0.0471 seconds