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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Altera??o do estado tr?fico durante um evento de seca prolongada e seus impactos na biomassa algal de um manancial tropical da regi?o semi?rida

Gomes, Silvana Santana 28 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-16T20:39:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaSantanaGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 1210897 bytes, checksum: 94537b2894ce19414f5eb0385809548e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-18T23:45:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaSantanaGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 1210897 bytes, checksum: 94537b2894ce19414f5eb0385809548e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T23:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaSantanaGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 1210897 bytes, checksum: 94537b2894ce19414f5eb0385809548e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O processo de eutrofiza??o tem como principal consequ?ncia o aumento da biomassa algal, principalmente flora??es de cianobact?rias. As elevadas taxas de evapora??o associadas ?s reduzidas taxas de precipita??o, caracter?sticas das regi?es semi?ridas, contribuem para o aumento da disponibilidade de nutrientes em per?odos de seca e consequente agravamento da condi??o eutr?fica nos mananciais. As mudan?as clim?ticas tendem a intensificar os sintomas de eutrofiza??o, principalmente na regi?o semi?rida. Diante disso, a hip?tese do trabalho ? que a redu??o do volume, causada pela seca prolongada, aumenta a biomassa algal devido ao aumento da disponibilidade de recursos (nutrientes). Logo, o objetivo do estudo ? avaliar o impacto da seca prolongada na biomassa algal em um manancial mesotr?fico da regi?o semi?rida tropical. O decr?scimo do volume esteve associado ? degrada??o da qualidade da ?gua, com aumento nas concentra??es de nutrientes e redu??o da transpar?ncia da ?gua. A maior disponibilidade de nutrientes na coluna d??gua, consequ?ncia da seca, forneceu os recursos necess?rios para o crescimento algal e permitiu a altera??o do estado tr?fico do reservat?rio Boqueir?o de mesotr?fico para eutr?fico. O presente estudo demonstrou que o prolongamento da seca degrada a qualidade da ?gua. O efeito da seca em Boqueir?o foi tardio devido ? baixa disponibilidade inicial de nutrientes nesse reservat?rio. A redu??o do volume, proporcionada pelo balan?o h?drico negativo caracter?stico do semi?rido e intensificada pelo evento de seca prolongada, foi capaz de aumentar a disponibilidade de nutrientes e provocar o aumento da biomassa algal e consequente altera??o do estado tr?fico do manancial. / The main consequence of eutrophication is an increase in algal biomass, mainly cyanobacterial blooms. The high evaporation and low precipitation, characteristics of semiarid regions, contribute to the nutrients availability increase in drought periods and consequent aggravation of eutrophic condition in reservoirs. Climate changes tend to intensify eutrophication symptoms, mostly in a semiarid region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an extended drought in algal biomass in Parelhas?s Boqueir?o, a mesotrophic reservoir located in a semiarid tropical region. The low volume was associated to water quality degradation and to the high nutrients concentrations and low water transparency. The increase in nutrients availability in the water column, consequence of reduced precipitation and low reservoir?s volume, provided the necessary resources for algal growth and allowed a change in trophic state in Boqueir?o reservoir. This study showed how an extended drought decreases water quality. The effect of drought in Boqueir?o was late detected due to the reservoir?s low initial nutrients concentration. The reservoir?s volume reduction increased the nutrient availability along with the algal biomass increase and the reservoir?s trophic state change of mesotrophic to eutrophic.
2

Influ?ncia de eventos hidrol?gicos extremos na qualidade da ?gua de reservat?rios na regi?o tropical semi?rida

Figueiredo, Aline do Vale 08 May 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-09T23:41:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineDoValeFigueiredo_DISSERT.pdf: 1457394 bytes, checksum: b5e64aaca8500f1c320efb8e2f334c9c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-12T00:18:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineDoValeFigueiredo_DISSERT.pdf: 1457394 bytes, checksum: b5e64aaca8500f1c320efb8e2f334c9c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-12T00:18:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineDoValeFigueiredo_DISSERT.pdf: 1457394 bytes, checksum: b5e64aaca8500f1c320efb8e2f334c9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Reservat?rios s?o ecossistemas artificiais, intermedi?rios entre rios e lagos, apresentando caracter?sticas morfom?tricas e hidrol?gicas distintas que podem render muitos benef?cios importantes para a sociedade. Entretanto, a utiliza??o dessa ?gua para abastecimento humano, dessedenta??o de animais, lazer, produ??o agr?cola irrigada e desenvolvimento da piscicultura, influenciam diretamente no aumento do aporte de nutrientes para os ambientes aqu?ticos e, consequentemente, contribuem para a acelera??o da eutrofiza??o. Al?m disso, modelos de mudan?as clim?ticas globais est?o prevendo a maior ocorr?ncia de eventos extremos como chuvas intensas e seca severa, que criar? estresses hidrol?gicos em lagos. No semi?rido nordestino j? se percebe a ocorr?ncia desses eventos, a seca dos anos de 2012, 2013 e 2014 foi a pior seca dos ?ltimos 60 anos, segundo a Ag?ncia Nacional de ?guas (ANA). Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da ?gua de mananciais do semi?rido tropical, identificando padr?es temporais em per?odos com eventos hidrol?gicos extremos (chuva intensa e seca prolongada). Os resultados do estudo mostraram que os reservat?rios Gargalheiras e Cruzeta apresentaram mudan?as significativas nas vari?veis limnol?gicas entre os per?odos de chuva e de seca severa, com melhora no aspecto visual e na maioria das vari?veis da qualidade da ?gua no per?odo chuvoso e maiores concentra??es de nutrientes e elevados valores de condutividade el?trica no per?odo de seca severa, indicando decaimento da sua qualidade. Entretanto, constataram-se comportamentos distintos entre os reservat?rios no per?odo de seca severa. Enquanto Gargalheiras apresentou um comportamento t?pico de reservat?rios da regi?o, com elevadas concentra??es de biomassa algal, indicando o agravamento da eutrofiza??o, cruzeta demonstrou um colapso na biomassa total fitoplanctonica evidenciado pela diminui??o das concentra??es de chla. Este fato se deu principalmente pela baixa profundidade e proximidade com o sedimento ter facilitado a ressuspens?o de s?lidos inorg?nicos e, consequentemente, ocasionar a caracter?stica t?rbida e limita??o por luz na coluna d??gua. Al?m disso, os comportamentos distintos entre os reservat?rios estudados indicam que as respostas destes ambientes frente ? problem?tica dos eventos extremos devem levar em considera??o fatores como o clima da regi?o, tamanho e profundidade do reservat?rio, al?m das caracter?sticas das suas bacias. / Reservoirs are artificial ecosystems, intermediate between rivers and lakes, with diferent morphological and hydrological characteristics that can provide many important benefits to society. However, the use of this water for human consumption, watering livestock, leisure, irrigated agricultural production and pisciculture development, directly influence the increase loading of nutrients to aquatic environments and contribute to acceleration of eutrophication. Furthermore, global climate models are predicting a higher occurrence of extreme events such as floods and severe droughts, which will create hydrological stresses in lakes. In the semiarid northeast we can see the occurrence of these events, the drought of the years 2012, 2013 and 2014 was the worst drought in 60 years, according to the National Water Agency (ANA). Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of the semiarid tropical water sources, identifying temporal patterns in periods with extreme hydrological events (floods and severe droughts). The study results showed that Gargalheiras and Cruzeta reservoirs presented significative changes in the limnological variables between rain and severe drought periods, with better appearance and in the most of the water quality variables in the rainy season and higher nutrientes concentrations and high electrical conductivity values in severe season, indicating decay of its quality. However, we found diferent behaviors between the reservoirs in severe drought. While Gargalheiras showed a typical behavior of the region, with high concentrations of algal biomass, indicating the worsening eutrophication, Cruzeta demonstrated a colapse in the total phytoplankton biomass, evidenced by the decrease in chla concentrations. This fact occurred because the low depth and proximity with the sediment facilited the inorganic solids resuspension and, consequently, resulted in turbid water column and light by limitation. In addition, the different behaviors between the reservoirs indicate that the responses of these environments problems such as extreme events must take into account factors such the region climate, size, depth of the reservoir and the basin characteristics.

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