Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCOM_DISSERT.pdf: 2871437 bytes, checksum: ca804782bf10029c3e31983e4917ea6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This work presents a theoretical and experimental analysis about the properties of microstrip antennas with integrated frequency selective surfaces (Frequency Selective Surface - FSS). The integration occurs through the insertion of the FSS on ground plane of microstrip patch antenna. This integration aims to improve some characteristics of the antennas. The FSS using patch-type elements in square unit cells. Specifically, the simulated results are obtained using the commercial computer program CST Studio Suite? version 2011. From a standard antenna, designed to operate in wireless communication systems of IEEE 802.11 a / b / g / n the dimensions of the FSS are varied to obtain an optimization of some antenna parameters such as impedance matching and selectivity in the operating bands. After optimization of the investigated parameters are built two prototypes of microstrip patch antennas with and without the FSS ground plane. Comparisons are made of the results with the experimental results by 14 ZVB network analyzer from Rohde & Schwarz ?. The comparison aims to validate the simulations performed and show the improvements obtained with the FSS in integrated ground plane antenna. In the construction of prototypes, we used dielectric substrates of the type of Rogers Corporation RT-3060 with relative permittivity equal to 10.2 and low loss tangent. Suggestions for continued work are presented / Este trabalho apresenta uma investiga??o te?rica e experimental sobre as propriedades das antenas de microfita integradas com superf?cies seletivas em frequ?ncia (Frequency Selective Surface FSS). A integra??o se d? por meio da inser??o da FSS no plano de terra da antena patch de microfita. Essa integra??o visa a melhoria de algumas caracter?sticas das antenas como, por exemplo, ganho, largura de banda, dentre outras. As FSS utilizam elementos do tipo patch quadrado nas c?lulas unit?rias. Especificamente, os resultados simulados s?o obtidos utilizando-se o programa computacional comercial CST Studio Suite? vers?o 2011. A partir de uma antena padr?o, projetada para operar em sistemas de comunica??es sem fio dos padr?es IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n, as dimens?es da FSS s?o variadas de forma a obter uma otimiza??o de alguns par?metros da antena, como casamento de imped?ncia e seletividade nas bandas de opera??o. Ap?s a otimiza??o dos par?metros investigados, s?o constru?dos dois prot?tipos de antenas patch de microfita com e sem a FSS no plano de terra. S?o feitas compara??es dos resultados simulados com os resultados experimentais obtidos pelo analisador de rede ZVB 14 da Rohde & Schwarz?. A compara??o visa validar as simula??es efetuadas e mostrar as melhorias obtidas com a FSS integrada no plano de terra da antena. Na constru??o dos prot?tipos, foram utilizados substratos diel?tricos da Rogers Corporation do tipo RT-3060 com permissividade relativa igual a 10,5 e baixa tangente de perdas. Sugest?es de continuidade do trabalho s?o apresentadas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ValdemirPSN_DISSERT.pdf: 1834625 bytes, checksum: 95e248e92979a128a6b21a87f73fdd48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-26 / The planar circuits are structures that increasingly attracting the attention of researchers, due the good performance and capacity to integrate with other devices, in the prototyping of systems for transmitting and receiving signals in the microwave range. In this context, the study and development of new techniques for analysis of these devices have significantly contributed in the design of structures with excellent performance and high reliability. In this work, the full-wave method based on the concept of electromagnetic waves and the principle of reflection and transmission of waves at an interface, Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP), or iterative method of waves is described as a tool with high precision study microwave planar circuits. The proposed method is applied to the characterization of planar filters, microstrip antennas and frequency selective surfaces. Prototype devices were built and the experimental results confirmed the proposed mathematical model. The results were also compared with simulated results by Ansoft HFSS, observing a good agreement between them. / Os circuitos planares s?o estruturas que atraem cada vez mais a aten??o dos pesquisadores, pelo bom desempenho e pela capacidade de integra??o com outros dispositivos, na prototipagem de sistemas de transmiss?o e recep??o de sinais na faixa de micro-ondas. Neste contexto, o estudo e o desenvolvimento de novas t?cnicas de an?lise desses dispositivos t?m contribu?do de forma significativa na concep??o de estruturas com desempenhos excelentes e alto grau de confiabilidade. Neste trabalho, o m?todo de onda completa baseado no conceito de ondas eletromagn?ticas e no princ?pio da reflex?o e transmiss?o de ondas em uma interface, Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP), ou m?todo iterativo das ondas ? descrito como uma ferramenta com alto grau de precis?o no estudo de circuitos planares de micro-ondas. O m?todo proposto ? aplicado na caracteriza??o de filtros planares, antenas de microfita e superf?cies seletivas de frequ?ncia. Prot?tipos dos dispositivos foram constru?dos e os resultados experimentais comprovaram o modelo matem?tico proposto. Os resultados obtidos tamb?m foram comparados com os resultados simulados pelo Ansoft HFSS, tendo sido observada uma boa concord?ncia entre eles

Les matériaux composites prennent une place de plus en plus importante dans la conception et la fabrication des moyens de transport et notamment dans le domaine naval où ils sont particulièrement privilégiés. En effet, ces matériaux sont utilisés pour leur légèreté, insensibilité à la corrosion et leurs caractéristiques mécaniques. Dans le domaine militaire, où l'optimisation des moyens de communication et de protection électromagnétique est primordiale, le développement de matériaux composites dotés de propriétés de reconfigurabilité sous commande(s) externe(s), présente un atout opérationnel majeur pour les parois structurales exploitant ces matériaux. Afin d'explorer cette voie, DCNS et l'Institut d’Électronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR, UMR-6164) se sont associés. Les travaux de thèse engagés ont pour objectif d'étudier et de développer des matériaux composites présentant des fonctions de reconfigurabilité applicables aux systèmes navals tels que les radômes, les antennes et exploitables pour répondre aux problématiques de furtivité (SER). Une première étude a permis d'explorer les matériaux à base de carbone, présentant une potentielle agilité de leurs caractéristiques diélectriques sous actuateur électrique. Ces matériaux présentent également un fort pouvoir absorbant électromagnétique, tributaire des propriétés diélectriques, elles-mêmes potentiellement reconfigurables. La seconde étude engagée a étudié l'impact des matériaux ferroélectriques, c'est-à-dire des matériaux reconfigurables sous champ électrique, lorsqu'ils sont intégrés comme charge dans une résine d'imprégnation. Ce nouveau matériau composite présente alors une reconfigurabilité de ses caractéristiques diélectriques, rendant commandable en fréquence sa structure hôte. Une troisième étude, exploitant aussi le matériau ferroélectrique a permis l'obtention d'une reconfigurabilité des caractéristiques de réflectivité de panneaux composites grâce au développement de surfaces sélectives en fréquence reconfigurables. De nouvelles propriétés ont ainsi été mises en évidence en hyperfréquences. Enfin, les matériaux d'âmes et spécifiquement les nids d'abeilles diélectriques ont fait l'étude d'une fonctionnalisation pour des applications DC et hyperfréquences. / Composite materials are used for their lightness, high resistance to corrosion and high mechanical properties over large application areas, such as naval, ground and aerial. Collaboration between DCNS group and the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications of Rennes (IETR, UMR-6164) has been initiated to develop smart composite materials with tunable properties at microwaves. Three different routes have been investigated during the thesis work. The first one is based on carbon composite material, its electromagnetic absorbing ability and its potential dielectric tunability. For this, we develop composite materials loaded with various carbon particles (carbon nanotube, graphene, black carbon). Next, to elaborate smart composite materials, a ferroelectric material has been used as filler. The dielectric characteristics of such materials can be tuned under external biasing for example. Thus we develop an active composite material under various external actuators for naval application, and especially for new reconfigurable frequency selective surface (RFSS). Finally dielectric honeycomb materials have been specifically elaborated and studied to develop smart properties for DC and microwave applications. During this work, three different prototypes improving composite materials in naval area have been performed: reconfigurable radome, RCS reduction, and antenna isolation.

Le brouillard électromagnétique dans lequel nous vivons en permanence estaujourd’hui montré du doigt car, outre les risques sanitaires qu’il pourrait engendrer, illimite l’usage de certaines technologies. L’importance des interférences entre réseauxsans fil, ou la peur du piratage sur ces mêmes réseaux, en sont deux exemples. Cetravail de thèse vise à développer un nouveau moyen de protection contre certaines deces ondes électromagnétiques. Plus spécifiquement, ce travail se focalise sur unetechnologie capable de filtrer uniquement les ondes WiFi et GSM à travers de grandessurfaces d’une habitation, comme un mur. Pour ce faire, la fonctionnalisation d’uncomposant standard des bâtiments, le papier-peint, a été étudié.L’utilisation de surfaces sélectives en fréquence a été retenue. Ces motifs sontdirectement imprimés sur du papier à l’aide d’encre conductrice et de la techniqued’impression flexographique. L’étude s’est également portée sur la réalisation de motifsde filtrage innovants. Les résultats de simulation montrent qu’ils sont capables de filtrerdeux ou trois bandes, qu’ils sont quasiment insensibles à la polarisation et à l’angled’incidence dans une plage allant de 0° à ± 80°. Le travail a ensuite permis dedémontrer la faisabilité pratique de ce concept aux stades laboratoire et industriel.Ensuite, nous avons démontré expérimentalement l’efficacité de ce concept dans lesbandes WiFi. La transmission atteint alors -30 dB. Enfin, une validation expérimentaledu produit en situation réelle a été menée, à savoir la pose du papier-peint sur du plâtre,du bois, l’influence de la colle ou encore la pose d’une couche de papier-peint décoratifpar-dessus le produit.En conclusion, les résultats pratiques obtenus confirment les résultats théoriquesestimés et, permettent à ce nouveau concept, appelé métapapier, d’être suffisammentefficace pour permettre la réduction des ondes WiFi ou GSM. / The electromagnetic smog in which we live today is nowadays a real issue because it limits the use of certain technologies and also because there are some potential health risks associated with it, even if the latter is still a controversial subject. The importance of the interferences between wireless networks or the possibility of data hacking on the same networks are two examples. The aim of this thesis is to develop a new way to protect buildings against some of these electromagnetic waves. More specifically, this work focuses on a technology able to filter only the WiFi and the GSM waves through large areas of a home, like a wall for example. To do this, the functionalization of a standard component of buildings, the wallpaper, was studied. The use of frequency selective surface (FSS) was chosen. These patterns are printed directly on paper with a conductive ink printing technology: the flexography. The study also focuses on the realization of innovative filter designs. Simulation results show that these novel FSS are able to filter two or three bands. They are almost insensitive to the polarization and to the angle of incidence in the range of 0° to ±80°. The realization feasibility of this concept in a laboratory or in industrial conditions was demonstrated. Next, an experimental demonstration of this concept in the WiFi bands was carried out. In this context, the transmission coefficient was reached -30 dB. Finally, an experimental validation of the product in real conditions of use was conducted, namely the wallpaper was put over plasterboards or over wood panels. Also, the influence of the glue on the general performances and the placement of a decorative wallpaper over the FSS wallpaper were studied. In conclusion, the practical results obtained confirm and validate the theoretical predictions of this new concept, called metapaper, and show that the practical realizations are efficient enough to allow the reduction of WiFi or GSM signals.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoAC_TESE.pdf: 3178455 bytes, checksum: bdea1ce583a318f3a35fb4f3221877a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The use of flexible materials for the development of planar circuits is one of the most desired and studied characteristics, lately, by researchers. This happens because the flexibility of the substrate can provide previously impracticable applications, due to the rigidity of the substrates normally used that makes it difficult to fit into the circuits in irregular surfaces. The constant interest in recent years for more lighter devices, increasingly more compacts, flexible and with low cost, led to a new line of research of great interest from both academic and technological views, that is the study and development of textile substrates that can be applied in the development of planar circuits, for applications in the areas of security, biomedical and telecommunications. This paper proposes the development of planar circuits, such as antennas , frequency selective surfaces (FSS) and planar filters, using textile (cotton ticking, jeans and brim santista) as the dielectric substrate and the Pure Copper Polyester Taffeta Fabric, a textile of pure copper, highly conductive, lightweight and flexible, commercially sold as a conductive material. The electrical characteristics of textiles (electric permittivity and loss tangent) were characterized using the transmission line method (rectangular waveguide) and compared with those found in the literature. The structures were analyzed using commercial software Ansoft Designer and Ansoft HFSS, both from the company Ansys and for comparison we used the Iterative Method of Waves (WCIP). For the purpose of validation were built and measured several prototypes of antennas, planar filters and FSS, being possible to confirm an excellent agreement between simulated and measured results / A utiliza??o de materiais flex?veis para o desenvolvimento de circuitos planares ? uma das caracter?sticas mais desejadas e estudadas, ultimamente, pelos pesquisadores, pois essa maleabilidade do substrato proporciona aplica??es antes imposs?veis, devido ? rigidez dos substratos normalmente utilizados o que dificultava a adequa??o dos circuitos em superf?cies irregulares. O constante interesse nos ?ltimos anos por dispositivos mais leves, cada vez mais compactos, flex?veis e com custo reduzido, levou a uma nova linha de pesquisa de grande interesse tanto do ponto de vista acad?mico quanto tecnol?gico que ? o estudo e desenvolvimento de substratos t?xteis que possam ser aplicados no desenvolvimento de circuitos planares, para aplica??es nas ?reas de seguran?a, biom?dica e telecomunica??es. Este trabalho prop?e o desenvolvimento de circuitos planares, tais como antenas, superf?cies seletivas de frequ?ncia (FSS) e filtros planares, utilizando tecidos (lona, jeans e brim santista) como substrato diel?trico e o tecido Pure Copper Polyester Taffeta Fabric, um tecido de cobre puro, altamente condutivo, leve e flex?vel, comercialmente vendido como material condutivo. As caracter?sticas el?tricas dos tecidos (permissividade el?trica e tangente de perda) foram determinadas utilizando o m?todo de linha de transmiss?o e comparadas com os encontrados na literatura. As estruturas foram analisadas utilizando os softwares comerciais Ansoft Designer, Ansoft HFSS ambos da empresa Ansys e para efeito de compara??o foi utilizado o M?todo Iterativo das Ondas (WCIP). Para efeito de valida??o foram constru?dos e medidos v?rios prot?tipos de antenas, FSS e filtros planares sendo poss?vel constatar uma excelente concord?ncia entre os resultados simulados e medidos