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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

The study of defects in single GaN nanorod

Lee, Guan-Hua 19 August 2010 (has links)
In this article, we report the study of defects between single and bulk GaN nanorods in temperature dependence. High quality of GaN nanorods have been investigated by £g-photoluminescence. Optical properties and surface morphology have been analyzed by a series of measurements, including field-emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and cathodoluminescence (CL). CL data reveal that the intensity of surface state emission is larger than near-band-edge emission at 20K . The 3.21eV peak reveals the structural defect at GaN/Si interface. The surface state emission from bottom is larger than top.
12

Optimisation de transport à la demande dans des territoires polarisés

Chevrier, Rémy Grasland, Loïc January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Géographie : Avignon : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 235-240.
13

Le transport à la demande (TAD) en France

Castex, Elodie. Grasland, Loïc January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Géographie : Avignon : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 465-473. Webliogr. p. 474.
14

Predicting and optimizing the performance of the expanding solvent steam assisted gravity drainage (ES-SAGD) process using an improved semi-analytical proxy model

Kannan, Krupa 03 February 2015 (has links)
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is a commonly used EOR/IOR method for improving recovery in heavy oil reservoirs. However, continued research for a more energy efficient method has led to the development of an improved version called Expanding Solvent (ES)-SAGD, which has the potential to replace conventional SAGD method for production from some heavy oil reservoirs. This thesis provides some insights into determination of the reservoir performance of ES-SAGD process using an improved semi-analytical method. This model is then used for optimizing the solvent requirement while minimizing the steam injected. The semi-analytical model is determined by combining Butler’s oil drainage analytical model and solvent dilution effect of VAPEX process. The predictive ability of this model was improved by accounting for concentration and viscosity dependent solvent diffusion process. Results from this extended model in terms of solvent injection, oil production and Cumulative Steam to Oil Ratio (cSOR) were compared with that of reservoir simulation at various levels of grid resolution. Furthermore, the results from simulation were analyzed using response surface methodology including gradient based optimization technique to determine optimum operating conditions, which was then compared with more robust multi-objective optimization based on Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and Pareto-optimality. Both the optimization techniques were used within the improved semi-analytical formulation to come up with optimized operational parameters. Modeling solvent diffusivity as a function of solvent concentration gives better results than those obtained using a constant value for diffusivity. Moreover, results for some key performance factors are in good agreement between the semi-analytical model and the numerical simulation, rendering this model suitable for performing solvents-screening studies. The multi-objective optimization framework within the semi-analytical model is demonstrated to be a feasible option for determining optimum ranges of key operating parameters that would result in success of the project. Intermediate values of solvent fraction ranging 0.1 to 0.2 for almost the entire range of injection pressures result in high bitumen recoveries and relatively low cSOR. The results indicate that higher values of solvent fraction at low operating pressures and lower values of solvent fraction at high operating pressures lead to optimized oil recovery rate and lower steam-oil-ratio. The multi-objective optimization process results in several combinations of control parameters that yield solutions along the Pareto-optimum front. These combinations are all viable solutions to the optimization problem. / text
15

Computer simulation of gallium arsenide semi-conductor devices

Warriner, R. A. January 1976 (has links)
No description available.
16

Extração semi-automática de edificações com análise do modelo numérico de elevações

Santos, Daniel Rodrigues dos [UNESP] 02 1900 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:47:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_dr_me_prud.pdf: 4609633 bytes, checksum: 91f76d263fe9b53c24beb9207c0730a3 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A tarefa que demanda maior tempo dos operadores fotogramétricos, ainda não está automatizada, a extração de feições. A extração semi-automática de feições tem sido apontada como a ferramenta que possibilitaria um substancial aumento na produção durante a restituição, particularmente de áreas urbanas, pois as feições lineares são bastante encontradas em regiões modificadas pelo homem. Para as empresas de Fotogrametria, as edificações são feições que exigem maior demanda do processo de extração, representando até 50% do total de feições que devem ser extraídas numa restituição com propósitos cadastrais. Entretanto, por apresentarem variadas formas é muito complicada a implementação de ferramentas automáticas para a extração destas feições. Uma das seqüências possíveis para a extração é: suavização da imagem; detecção de bordas; limiarização automática; afinamento por supressão não máxima; conexão por varredura e rotulação; ajuste das retas; e fechamento de polígonos. O processo de extração de feições é uma tarefa complexa, pelo fato da existência dos variados tipos de estruturas e formas de edificações, oclusões, efeitos de sombras, deslocamento devido ao relevo, ruídos, baixo contraste, entre outros fatores. Para a solução do problema é necessário implementar uma ferramenta que necessite da mínima interação possível com o operador, tornando o processo semi-automático. A solução ideal seria a coleta de apenas um ponto semente (dado pelo operador), e a utilização de um fluxo de etapas para extração de edificações, em conjunto com as informações de alta freqüência do MNE (Modelo Numérico de Elevações). O MNE seria usado como um canal adicional para eliminar as linhas consideradas insignificantes no processo, mantendo-se apenas as linhas de interesse, que definem o topo da edificação de interesse (EI)... / Feature extraction is the more time consuming photogrammetric task, and it is not fully automatic. Semi-automatic feature extraction has been considered as a tool that could increase the efficiency of photogrammetric restitution. Buildings are features that represent 50% of total of features that should be extracted in cadastral projects. There are several stages that can be performed for feature extraction. An example of such process is: smoothing; edge detection; thresholding; thinning; linking; adjustment of straight lines; and polygon closing. The process of feature extraction is a complex task, due to different types of structures and shapes of buildings, effect of shadows, relief displacement and others factors. The aim of this work is to implement a tool that reduces the effort of photogrammetric operators in feature extraction. An ideal solution should be collect just one seed point (by the operator), and to use an automatic pipeline of building extraction, using the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) as a additional level to remove lines in the process. The obtained results show that the number of selected points is reduced, mainly in isolated buildings, but there is a need to improved the process with better building modeling.
17

Mesures réduites, grandes solutions et singularités de quelques problèmes paraboliques / Reduced measure, large solutions and singularities for some parabolic problems

Al Sayed, Waad 15 December 2008 (has links)
Cette thèse est constituée de trois parties. La première est consacrée à dégager les notions de "bonne mesure" et de "mesure réduite" pour deux problèmes paraboliques non linéaires. Pour chacun de ces problèmes et suite à un phénomène de relaxation, on construit une suite qui converge vers la plus "grande" sous-solution du problème donné. En plus, on cherche des "capacités universelles" et on établit des équivalences avec des mesures de Hausdorff. Dans la deuxième partie, on cherche des conditions d'existence et d'unicité de "grande solutions" pour des problèmes paraboliques dont le terme non linéaire est un terme d'absorption. Des conditions sur le bord du domaine permettent de prouver l'unicité de la solution. Dans la troisième partie, on étudie les "singularités" de deux problèmes paraboliques non linéaires. / The thesis at hand is composed of three parts. The first part is devoted to present the notions of "good measure" and "reduced measure" for two non-linear parabolic problems. For each of these problems we construct a sequence, after a relaxation phenomenon, which converges to the "greatest" sub-solution of the given problem. Moreover, we look for "universal capacities" and we establish equivalence with Hausdorff measure. In the second part, we establish existence and uniqueness conditions for "large solutions" of parabolic problems whose non-linear term is an absorption one. Some boundary conditions will permit to prove uniqueness of solutions. In the last part we study the "singularities" of two non-linear parabolic problems.
18

Um estudo teórico das propriedades estruturais e óticas de derivados de Eumelanina

Bolivar Marinez, Luz Elena 15 August 1997 (has links)
Orientador: Douglas Soares Galvão / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T03:25:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BolivarMarinez_LuzElena_D.pdf: 2796939 bytes, checksum: ff8eabe0c9ca694381d34b18631bddf4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997 / Resumo: Melaninas são uma classe de pigmentos biológicos largamente presentes na natureza dos fungos ao homem. Elas são classificadas em três grandes subclasses: eumelaninas, feomelaninas e alomelaninas. Neste trabalho nós investigamos compostos de eumelanina, o tipo de pigmento mais presente no reino animal em tecidos pigmentados como o cabelo, pele, etc. Acredita-se que a função básica destes pigmentos é a fotoproteção contra a devastação bioquímica produzida pela exposição à radiação solar. Mas a presença das melaninas em regiões não iluminadas do corpo tem levado à especulação que podem ter outra função biológica além da fotoproteção. Nós investigamos a estrutura eletrônica de compostos de eumelanina através da utilização de sofisticados métodos semi-empíricos (Parametric Metod 3 (PM3) e Zerner Intermediate Neglect of Differential Overlap-Spectroscopical version-Configuration Interaction (ZINDO/S-CI)). Nossos resultados mostram que esses compostos são aceitadores de elétrons e tendem a formar estruturas amorfas. Nós propomos um modelo para um possível mecanismo de proteção celular baseado nestas características. Nossos resultados para simulação dos espectros de absorção ótica mostram que os modelos estruturais propostos são compatíveis com o modelo de semicondutor orgânico previamente proposto na literatura. Nós adaptamos essa metodologia para o estudo de dois outros problemas envolvendo polímeros condutores (oligotiofenos puros e substituídos) e polímeros orgânicos depositados por polimerização a plasma (deposição de filmes fluorados e oxigenados). Os resultados obtidos para polímeros condutores permitem explicar o comportamento anômalo na absorção que apresentam os oligômeros de tiofeno substituídos em termos dos processos eletrônicos envolvidos e não da desordem conformacional como tinha sido reportado previamente na literatura. No caso dos polímeros fluorados e oxigenados, o comportamento ótico foi explicado em termos do movimento relativo dos estados eletrônicos ativos envolvidos na primeira transição eletrônica. Estes resultados mostram que a metodologia que utilizamos pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz para a modelagem qualitativa de diversos compostos / Abstract: Melanins are a class of biological pigments widely spread over in nature from fungi to man. They are roughly classified in three great subclass: eumelanins, pheomelanins and allomelanins. In this work we restrict ourselves to investigate the subclass of eumelanins, the pigment present in most pigmented animal tissues. It is believed that the main biological function associated to melanins is photoprotection against the biochemical devastation induced by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. However the presence of melanins in nonilluminated areas in organism, such as in the substancia nigra in the brain and a preferential destruction of melanized cells in patients with Parkinson's disease led to speculations of other biological functions besides simple photoprotection. In this work we have carried out theoretical studies at semi-empirical level (Parametric Method 3 - PM3 and Zerner Intermediate Neglect of Differential Overlap -ZINDO including Configuration Interaction) on the electronic structure of molecules believed to be structurally related to eumelanins. Our results show that these structure are electron acceptors and probably form amorphous structures. We propose a mechanism for cellular protection against free radicals, potentially cytotoxic, based on this physical property. Our results for the simulation of optical absorption spectra also indicate data compatible with the semiconductor model earlier proposed for these organic pigments. We have modified this methodology to analyze two other problems involving conducting polymers and acetylene-like polymer deposited by plasma polymerization. The results for oligothiophenes can explain the anomalous behavior of the fluorescence in terms of the character of the electronic states involved in the optical processes and not in terms of conformational disorder as previously suggested in the literature. Similarly it is also possible to explain the optical data, at least at qualitatively level, of the thin films plasma polymerized in terms of the relative movement of active molecular electronic levels involved in the optical transitions. We believe this kind of methodology can be a very efficient tool to the analysis of the electronic behavior of many classes of organic materiais / Doutorado / Física / Doutor em Ciências
19

O semi-árido setentrional : subsídios ao planejamento do desenvolvimento sub-regional

Cristina Santos, Lucia January 2003 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:36:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo7962_1.pdf: 2863577 bytes, checksum: 98b2cecac6823af71cb80eaca50c947e (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as diferentes subáreas do semiárido setentrional do Nordeste brasileiro, com a finalidade de subsidiar a gestão pública na definição de políticas, que tenham como propósito o desenvolvimento e a sustentabilidade das atividades produtivas do setor agropecuário e a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população local. O interesse pelo tema justifica-se pela necessidade de atualização das informações para essa sub-região, diante das mudanças ocorridas na organização do espaço regional o que torna imperativo o enfoque sub-regional no planejamento de ações compatíveis com as especificidades locais, em razão da heterogeneidade do nosso objeto de estudo. Nesse sentido buscou-se identificar quais seriam então as diferentes áreas do semi-árido setentrional, e onde o setor público poderia atuar na promoção do desenvolvimento sub-regional sustentável. Para tanto, procurou-se compreender essas diversidades a partir de estudos recentes sobre a Região Nordeste no que se refere às diferentes propostas de regionalização, em especial àquelas que contemplassem a região semi-árida. Além disso, foram caracterizados de modo sumário os aspectos do quadro natural do semi-árido setentrional, bem como se procurou entender a dinâmica populacional, no que diz respeito ao crescimento e distribuição espacial da população, e também sobre a hierarquia e centralidade urbana das localidades que compõem esse espaço sub-regional. A pesquisa constatou a diversidade ambiental, como também da distribuição espacial da população e das combinações agropecuárias e extrativas vegetais do semi-árido. Foram encontradas 36 combinações agrícolas, sendo que dezesseis dessas são próprias de alguns municípios, não se repetindo nos demais, incluindo igualmente monoculturas e policulturas. O resultado desta pesquisa deu ensejo a proposições de alguns indicativos de ações para o desenvolvimento sustentável, e de pesquisas que venham a acrescentar e aprofundar o conhecimento da realidade do semi-árido setentrional
20

Contribution à la modélisation du comportement hydromécanique des géomatériaux semi-fragiles / Contribution to the constitutive study of hydromechanical behaviour of semi-brittle geomaterials

Chen, Liang 04 December 2009 (has links)
Cette étude concerne des modélisations du comportement hydromécanique des géomatériaux semi- fragiles. Le travail est principalement composé de deux parties, dans lesquelles les géomatériaux semi-fragiles isotropes et anisotropes sont étudiés respectivement. Dans la première partie, l’accent est mis sur l’influence du processus de dessiccation sur le comportement mécanique des géomatériaux isotropes. On établit un modèle élastoplastique couplé à l’endommagement pour les géomatériaux isotropes saturés et partielle saturés employant le concept du tenseur des contraintes effectives généralisées. Un nouveau critère d’endommagement est proposé pour prendre en compte les mécanismes distincts de rupture sous l’état de contrainte différente. Une série de simulations sont réalisées et comparées à des essais expérimentaux sur une argilite et un mortier. Dans la deuxième partie, afin de décrire le comportement mécanique des roches anisotropes, deux modèles anisotropes sont proposés. L’attention du premier modèle est mise sur l’influence de l’anisotropie inhérente sur le comportement mécanique. Un paramètre directionnel, qui est décrit par un tenseur de fabrique, est induit dans la formulation de la plasticité pour prendre en compte la dépendance du comportement mécanique à l’orientation de chargement des roches initialement anisotropes. Afin d’étudier le couplage entre les anisotropies inhérente et induite, un modèle basé sur l’approche thermodynamique discrète est aussi proposé. En prenant en compte le couplage entre la plasticité et l’endommagement dans chaque famille de plan de faiblesse, le couplage entre les anisotropies inhérente et induite est bien produit par le modèle proposé. Enfin, le modèle discret proposé est étendu à la formulation poroélastoplastique. Une analyse qualitative est réalisée sur le comportement hydromécanique des roches anisotropes. / This work is devoted to the constitutive modelling of hydromechanical behaviours of semi-brittle geomaterials. In the first part, the attention is mainly paid on the hydromechanical behaviours of initially isotropic materials, especially on the influence of desiccation process on the mechanical responses. An elastoplastic damage model is proposed in unsaturated condition, a generalized effective stress concept is used for poroplastic coupling. Damage by microcracks is coupled with plastic deformation. In the second part, two coupled elastoplastic damage models are proposed for the description of strongly anisotropic sedimentary materials. In the first model, in order to describe the inherent anisotropy of the material, a scalar anisotropy parameter is introduced using the concept of fabric tensor. In purpose of studying the coupling phenomenon between the inherent and induced anisotropies during the loading process, a model based on the discrete approach is constructed in the following. In the framework of plastic discrete approach, the macroscopic plastic deformation and material degradation are considered as the result of frictional sliding along weakness planes distributed randomly in the material. In the last chapter, the proposed discrete model is extended to poroelastoplastic modelling. Based on a series of numerical simulation, an analysis of hydromechanical behaviour of anisotropic materials is realised.

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