Statistics Sweden is an administrative agency that delimits built-up areas and produces statistics regarding them. The statistics provide information about the area of the built-up areas, their population number, number of gainfully employees working in the built-up areas, and of buildings. Now Statistics Sweden wishes to extend such statistics by producing a measure regarding how well developed the service is in each built-up area. This study is a contribution to this statistical improvement work and the purpose is to – by employing geographical information systems and cluster analysis – classify the Swedish built-up areas according to 1) service width and 2) service degree. A particular built-up area has a high service width if it has many different service functions, such as pharmacies, schools and grocery stores. It has a high service degree if it has many service functions per 1000 inhabitants. The result consists of two different “urban hierarchies”, one in which one can identify the level of service width of each built-up area and one in which one can position each built-up area according to its service degree. This study shows that built-up areas with a high service width also have manyinhabitants. In contrast, this is not the case for built-up areas with a high service degree: built-up areas with high service degree have relatively few inhabitants. The study shows that built-up areas with high service degree have a higher quota number of people employed in the locality / number of residents, which indicates that these built-up areas are “commuting localities” – built-up areas where people work but not necessarily live. The results from the two separate modes of classification also show that the service width and service degree do not display a positive correlation. Built-up areas with high service degree are thus not the same built-up areas that those scoring high onservice width; if anything, the relationship is rather the opposite.

This study aims to investigate the settlement patterns of Altinova in the Early Bronze Age and its reflection to social and cultural phenomena. Altinova, which is the most arable plain in Eastern Anatolia, is situated in the borders of Elazig province. The region in the Early Bronze Age was the conjunction and interaction area for two main cultural complexes in the Near East, which were Syro-Mesopotamia and Transcaucasia, with a strong local character. The effect of the foreign and local cultural interactions to the settlement patterns of Altinova in the Early Bronze Age and its reflection in the socio-economic structures have been discussed in the social perspective. In addition, the settlement distribution and its system were analyzed through the quantitative methods, that were gravity model, rank-size analysis, and nearest neighbor analysis. The results of these quantitative analyses with the archaeological data have been discussed in the social and theoretical context.