Ergonomy study the relationship between man and his work, to know the kind of equipment, the environment and the application of anatomy, physiology, engineering and psychology knowledge, in the search of solutions for the problems that come from this relationship. The ergonomy centers itself on security, in the satisfaction and the worker s welfare, as well as the knowledge of the main occupational sicknesses that are related to the professional activities and its causes, that can affect the workers in place of rice benefiting, with the purpose of a more effective replanning, about the preventive actions, to the rehabilitation and ergonomic restruturation of the sectors. The analysis about the work conditions of the sectors of rice benefiting , elaboration of treatment and prevention programs, that refer to physical aspects and/or organizational of the environment, characteristics and complaints, psychophysical aspects of the workers and sending suggestions to give a bigger comfort , security, better life quality and, consequently, a bigger satisfaction when doing the professional functions, will be detected through questionings, and the result will make it possible to see again strategies and to live ergonomic aspects, responsible for the workers and employer company s success, in a way of analyzing and interpreting data. The answering of the needed aspects that give fundament to the Ergonomy are supported by the legal necessities, contained in the law nº 3751, which date is November 23, 1990. The used bibliography helped to elaborate an investigative protocol that gave subsidy to the questioning done with 23 employees. In the conclusion stage of the research, some measures of organizational order were suggested, with the aim of contributing with the improvement of life quality and work atmosphere of the employees and more effective future works. / Ergonomia estuda o relacionamento entre o homem e seu trabalho, conhecer o tipo de equipamentos, o ambiente e a aplicação de conhecimentos de anatomia, fisiologia, engenharia e psicologia na busca de soluções para os problemas advindos desse relacionamento. A Ergonomia centra-se na segurança, na satisfação e no bem estar do trabalhador, bem como no conhecimento das principais doenças ocupacionais relacionadas às atividades profissionais e suas causas, que podem acometer os trabalhadores em Engenho de Beneficiamento de Arroz, com vistas a um replanejamento mais eficaz, quanto às ações preventivas, à reabilitação e à reestruturação ergonômica dos setores. A análise sobre as condições de trabalho dos setores de beneficiamento de arroz, elaboração de programas de tratamento e prevenção, tanto no que se referem aos aspectos físicos e/ou organizacionais do ambiente, características e queixas, aspectos psicofísicas dos trabalhadores e encaminhamento de sugestões para proporcionar maior conforto, segurança, melhor qualidade de vida e, conseqüentemente, maior satisfação na realização das funções profissionais, será detectada através, de questionamentos, cujo resultado possibilitará rever estratégias e vivenciar aspectos ergonômicos, responsáveis pelo sucesso do trabalhador e da empresa empregadora, numa forma de analisar e interpretar de dados. O atendimento aos pré-requisitos embasadores da Ergonomia, estão elencados e amparados pelos pressupostos legais, contidos na Portaria nº 3751, datada de 23 de novembro de 1990. A bibliografia consultada alicerçou a elaboração de um protocolo investigativo que subsidiou o questionamento realizado com vinte e três funcionários. Na fase conclusiva da pesquisa, sugeriram-se algumas medidas de ordem organizacional, visando contribuir com a melhoria da qualidade de vida e do ambiente de trabalho dos funcionários e trabalhos futuros mais eficazes.

Les accidents de désaturation (ADD) résultent de la formation de microbulles dans les tissus lors de la décompression. De nombreux corps de métiers sont concernés par cette problématique : plongeurs, astronautes, tunneliers, personnel médical hyperbare... On observe que ces accidents peuvent survenir alors même que les tables de décompression sont respectées. La détection et la caractérisation des bulles de décompression présentent un intérêt diagnostic potentiel pour la prévention des ADD. Aujourd’hui, la détection de microbulles est réalisée par des personnels de santé expérimentés en utilisant des systèmes Doppler. Cependant, cette approche présente une grande dépendance à l'opérateur et ne permet pas d'obtenir une information quantitative (nombre, taille) sur la distribution des bulles circulantes. Par ailleurs, elle n'est pas adaptée à la détection de bulles tissulaires.Ces limitations conduisent à mettre en oeuvre une méthode ultrasonore bifréquentielle de détection et de caractérisation par mise en résonance des microbulles. Les contraintes de mesure temps-réel, de polydispersité en taille ([1 à 200 μm]) et de sursaturation des tissus imposent d'utiliser des ondes d'excitation de très faibles puissances mais très large bande.Les solutions mises en oeuvre visent d'une part à réduire la complexité de l'instrumentation et d'autre part à prendre en considération la dynamique de l'excitation. Par ailleurs, une solution originale, ayant fait l’objet d’un dépôt de brevet, est développée. Elle permet de s'affranchir de la mise en résonance tout en conservant un caractèrediscriminant séparant bulles et tissus. / Decompression sicknesses (DCS) are a consequence of microbubbles formation in tissues during decompression. Many fields are affected by this issue: divers, astronauts, tunneling, hyperbaric medical staff... It is observed that these accidents can occur even if the decompression tables are respected. The detection and characterization of decompression bubbles have a diagnostic potential for the prevention of DCS. Today, the detection of microbubbles is performed by experienced health workers using Doppler systems. However, this approach has a high dependence on the operator and does not provide quantitative information (number, size) about the distribution of circulating bubbles. Moreover, it is not suitable for the detection of stationary bubbles (tissue bubbles).These limitations lead to the development of a bi-frequency ultrasonic method for microbubbles detection and characterization by setting them into resonance. The constraints as real-time measurements, size polydispersity ([1 to 200 μm]) and saturation of tissues require the use of very low powerful excitation but high bandwidth waves.The solutions implemented are aimed firstly to reduce the complexity of the instrumentation and secondly to consider the dynamics of the excitation. In addition, an original solution, protected by a patent, has been developed. It allows to overcome the measurement of resonance while maintaining a discriminating character between bubbles and tissues.

This dissertation is a challenge to the Pentecostal churches, particularly, the Apostolic Faith Mission Church in Tumahole, to take an action in meeting the challenges posed by HIV/AIDS. This disease, HIV/AIDS, is the latest enemy to human life that the nations are faced with. In the newspapers like Sowetan, there is an article almost daily about HIV and AIDS. In this dissertation, I have tried to show shocking figures of how this disease is spreading in Africa. The seriousness of the disease, unlike other diseases, is its in curability. The secular organisations are far ahead of the churches in as far as the relevant programmes on combating HIV/AIDS are concerned. Despite these massive programmes, the disease is spreading like the wild fire. Deducing from this background, it is no longer the question of whether the Pentecostal churches have any role to play, but what specific role should the church play in this challenge. In this challenging times, many people look at the church as one of the most important institute that would play a positive role in bringing hope to the hopeless. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology (Urban Ministry))

This dissertation is a challenge to the Pentecostal churches, particularly, the Apostolic Faith Mission Church in Tumahole, to take an action in meeting the challenges posed by HIV/AIDS. This disease, HIV/AIDS, is the latest enemy to human life that the nations are faced with. In the newspapers like Sowetan, there is an article almost daily about HIV and AIDS. In this dissertation, I have tried to show shocking figures of how this disease is spreading in Africa. The seriousness of the disease, unlike other diseases, is its in curability. The secular organisations are far ahead of the churches in as far as the relevant programmes on combating HIV/AIDS are concerned. Despite these massive programmes, the disease is spreading like the wild fire. Deducing from this background, it is no longer the question of whether the Pentecostal churches have any role to play, but what specific role should the church play in this challenge. In this challenging times, many people look at the church as one of the most important institute that would play a positive role in bringing hope to the hopeless. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology (Urban Ministry))