Thesis (M.A.)--Duquesne University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-49) and abstract.

Zugl.: Magdeburg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Akademisk avhandling--Religionshistoria--Lund, 1981. / Bibliogr. p. 191-195.

This thesis traces the origins and development of Sierra Leone Krio vocabulary, based upon the writer's own study and manuscript dictionary of that language, and on work with informants for most of the donor languages dealt with. Part I deals with European-African contacts from the 15th to the 19th century, and with creolization as a linguistic process developing from this contact. Various theories of creolization are discussed, and the hypothesis advanced that Krio did not pass through a pidgin stage as is generally maintained, but became nativized during the first generation of speakers, and pidginized later. This chapter is followed by a discussion of the sociolinguistic aspects of Krio, and a description of Krio phonology. Part II examines European material in Krio, the most important of which sources being English. The special role of the nautical varieties of the language in the 16th-19th centuries is emphasized. Regional and Archaic British forms which are still retained in Krio are also discussed. Parts III and IV deal with the African-derived items in Krio; from these chapters it is apparent that out of the complex multilingual situation of 19th century Freetown, comparatively few African languages have had any far-reaching impact upon Krio, and then usually only in specialized areas of the lexicon. Part Y is concerned with items derived from Arabic, all of which have entered Krio via one or more other West African languages. The majority of these items occur in a solely Islamic context. Part VI covers other aspects of Krio vocabulary: items coined within Krio itself, having no apparent cognates outside the language, compounded forms traceable to two (or more) different source languages, 'convergence' forms with two or more equally likely etymologies, English-derived items calqued on African models, items obsolete in modern Krio but recorded in 19th century literature, and items for which no satisfactory etymologies have yet been found. Part VII (appendices) comprises the acknowledgements and list of informants, and the bibliography, including several references for Sierra Leone Krio not consulted in the preparation of this thesis. The final section is an alphabetical word-index to all the items discussed, (ca. 3,000).

Sierra Leone came to world attention in the 1990s when a catastrophic civil war linked to the diamond trade was reported globally. This fleet- ing and particular interest, however, obscured two crucial processes in this small West African state. On the one hand, while the civil war was momentous, brutal and affected all Sierra Leoneans, it was also just one element in the long and faltering attempt to build a nation and state given the country's immensely problematic pre-colonial and British colonial legacies. On the other, the aftermath of the war precipitated a huge inter- national effort to construct a 'liberal peace', with mixed results, and thus made Sierra Leone a laboratory for post-Cold War interventions. Sierra Leone examines 225 years of its history and fifty years of independence, placing state- society relations at the centre of an original and revealing investigation of those who have tried to rule or change Sierra Leone and its inhabitants and the responses engendered. It interweaves the historical narrative with sketches of politicians, anecdotes, the landscape and environment and key turning-points, alongside theoretical and other comparisons with the rest of Africa. It is a new contribution to the debate for those who already know Sierra Leone and a solid point of entry for those who wish to know.

No / The article is organized into two main parts. First, it presents the termination of the conflict in Sierra Leone as a case-study to examine the degree to which cosmopolitan values connecting peacekeeping and peacebuilding are (or are not) evident. The case-study looks at the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) as a model of successful peacekeeping in the sense that everyday security was provided for the people of Sierra Leone through the deployment of a robust peacekeeping mission. This assessment needs to be qualified in relation to serious deficits still to be addressed in post-conflict peacebuilding, yet the success of this mission does provide encouragement for those who see the construction of a cosmopolitan security architecture for Africa as both desirable and achievable. Second, it explores the degree to which an appropriate model of cosmopolitan peacekeeping might emerge at regional and continental levels in Africa through the development of the African Standby Force (ASF). What the case-study presented here and the survey of the African Union (AU)/ASF in the second part of the article have in common is that taken together, they provide some evidence to suggest that, however fragile, the AU is beginning to define an agenda that represents a continent wide and, in that sense at least, a cosmopolitan response to African security issues.

The momentous 2005 Liberian elections followed a devastating civil war. Remarkably, the winner of the presidential race was a woman, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, and the second-placed was a footballer, George Weah. In addition, in stark contrast to many African elections in particular those in neighbouring Sierra Leone, voting patterns were fragmented: voters often chose President, Senators and Representatives from different parties or independents. Much can be explained by a remarkably level playing-field delivered by an interim coalition government providing no incumbent. In 2011, the Johnson-Sirleaf incumbency stood to significantly change the dynamics. This article seeks to discern whether Liberian elections maintain their unusual patterns, whether Liberia has joined the ranks of African patron-clientelist, dominant-party or two-party systems, in particular compared to that of Sierra Leone, or whether there are new twists in its democratic development. / Full text of the article was made available on the 1st March 2015 at the end of the publisher's embargo.

No

Yes / This report on Sierra Leone is one of 13 case studies (all of the case studies are available at www.bradford.ac.uk/cics). This research draws upon secondary data sources including existing research studies, reports and evaluations commissioned by operational agencies, and early warning and survey data where this has been available. These secondary sources have been complemented by primary research interviews with government officers, aid policymakers and practitioners, researchers and members of the local population. The author would like to thank Tunde Zack-Williams for comments made on an earlier draft. The analysis and opinions expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views or policy of DFID or the UK government. 1