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Genetic and morphological analyses of the rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus/S. fuscescens species complex in the South China Sea.January 2010 (has links)
Lam, Yin Ha. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-203). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vi / CONTENTS --- p.viii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Literature Review / Chapter 1.1 --- Crisis in world fisheries --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Connectivity of fish populations --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- The South China Sea --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives and significance of the study --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6 --- The target species in the present study --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Family Siganidae --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Difficulties in morphological differentiation in Siganidae --- p.17 / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Systematic studies of Siganidae by molecular method --- p.20 / Chapter 1.6.4 --- Population genetic studies of Siganidae using molecular Marker --- p.24 / Chapter 1.7 --- Structure of the Thesis --- p.26 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Population structure of Siganus canaliculatus/S. fuscescens species complex in the South China Sea based on mirochondrial DNA control region / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Collection of specimens --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- "DNA extraction, PCR amplification and sequencing" --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Sequence analysis --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Genetic diversity --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Phylogenetic analysis and population genetic structure --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Historical demography --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Genetic diversity and demographic history --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Phylogeographical patterns --- p.51 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Phylogeographical patterns and present day oceanic currents --- p.56 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Population structure: Indian Ocean vs. Pacific Ocean --- p.61 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Population structures in the South China Sea --- p.64 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Implication for fisheries management --- p.72 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Morphological differentiation in Siganus canaliculatus/S. fuscescens species complex / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.92 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.94 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Collection of specimen --- p.95 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Morphometric measurements --- p.95 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Spots counts --- p.96 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Statistical analysis of data。 --- p.98 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Univariate analysis --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Multivariate analysis --- p.103 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.106 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Meristic characters --- p.106 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Morphometric measurements --- p.107 / Chapter 3.4.2.1 --- Comparison with the previous works --- p.107 / Chapter 3.4.2.2 --- Comparison of morphometric indices among groups and populations --- p.112 / Chapter 3.5 --- Summary --- p.117 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- "The Siganus canaliculatus and S, fuscescens species complex- An evaluation" / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.149 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.154 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.155 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Meristic and morphometries --- p.156 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Spots counts --- p.160 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Cryptic species --- p.165 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- General Conclusions --- p.183 / References --- p.188
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Heavy metals in Hong Kong rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) /Kwan, Sai-ping. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-129).
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Polyculture crevette Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson, 1974) et poisson Siganus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1835) : faisabilité technique et effets sur le fonctionnement écologique des bassins d'élevage de crevettes / Polyculture blueshrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson, 1974) and rabbitfish Siganus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1835) : technical feasibility and effects on the ecological functioning of shrimp pondsLuong, Cong trung 21 July 2014 (has links)
L’aquaculture de la crevette bleue Litopenaeus stylirostris représente une activité profitable enNouvelle-Calédonie. Cependant, elle doit faire face à deux maladies bactériennes saisonnières quidiminuent les rendements et menacent le développement aquacole. D'après la littérature, lapolyculture avec des poissons pourrait diminuer l'occurrence des maladies, prévenir la dégradation del'environnement et au final augmenter la production des bassins. Cette étude porte sur la faisabilitéd'élever en bassins L. stylirostris avec Siganus lineatus. Les objectifs majeurs ont été 1) d’estimer lacapacité de S. lineatus à s’adapter aux bassins et d’évaluer les performances de croissance, 2)d’estimer la faisabilité technique de la polyculture de L. stylirostris avec S. lineatus et 3) d’estimer leseffets de cette polyculture sur les performances zootechniques des deux espèces et sur lefonctionnement écologiques des bassins par comparaison avec leur monoculture.Pour répondre au premier objectif, Siganus lineatus (5.7g) a été mis en culture à des densités de 7, 14et 21 poissons.m-2 en système clos. Après 8 semaines de culture, les performances de croissance de S.lineatus ont été similaires quelles que soient les densités. S. lineatus peut donc bien s’adapter etcroître dans ces systèmes clos, même à des températures basses, proches de 20°C, et à forte densité.Les fortes densités n’ont pas eu d’effets négatifs sur la croissance, mais sont à l’origine d’unedétérioration des conditions environnementales suite à un apport plus marqué en aliment générantdavantage de déchets organiques. En conséquence, une mortalité de S. lineatus peut apparaître lorsquela concentration en oxygène descend en dessous des 2 mg.L-1.Pour atteindre le 2ème et le 3ème objectif, une seconde expérience a montré que l’ajout de S. lineatus(25.5 g) à une culture de crevettes (2.9 g; 15 crevettes.m-2) à des densités de 0, 1.2 et 2.4 poissons.m-2n’a pas affecté les performances zooetchniques de L. stylirostris sur cette première phase d'élevage.La survie de S. lineatus a été de 100% et sa croissance a été similaire quelle que soit sa densité. Laproduction combinée totale pour les traitements polyculture a augmenté de 47 – 106 % et les indicesde conversions diminuent de 31.6 – 47.7% en comparaison avec le traitement "monoculture decrevettes". L'ajout de S. Lineatus n'a pas eu d'effets significatifs sur la production primaire, larespiration, les flux dissous et particulaires à l'interface eau-sédiment de l'écosystème bassin.Dans une troisième expérience, avec des biomasses initiales plus élevées de L. stylirostris (14 g) de156 g.m-2 en polyculture avec S. lineatus (19 g) (80 g.m-2) et de 237 g.m-2 en monoculture, nous avonsobservé une forte mortalité des crevettes. Inversement, avec des biomasses initiales de S. lineatus (19g) de 155 g.m-2 en polyculture avec L. stylirostris (14 g) (81 g.m-2) et de 235 g.m-2 en monoculture,nous avons montré une augmentation de la biomasse de S. lineatus. En utilisant l'aliment pour sapropre croissance non utilisé par les crevettes, S. lineatus est ainsi capable de limiter l'impact dû àl'eutrophisation de l'écosystème bassin.Les résultats des analyses isotopiques montrent que l'aliment n'est pas une source majeure de carbonepour L. stylirostris et S. lineatus alors qu'il l'est pour l'azote. Le biotope, en y incluant la matièreorganique des sédiments et la matière organique particulaire dans la colonne d'eau est la principalesource de carbone pour les deux espèces et une source secondaire pour l'azote.Pour conclure, S. lineatus est un candidat potentiel pour la culture commerciale / Blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris farming is a major and profitable activity of aquaculture industryin New Caledonia. However, it is facing two seasonal bacterial diseases, which decrease rearedshrimp yield and threaten the sustainability of the aquaculture development. As reported by theliterature, polyculture with fish would have the potential to decrease the impact of these kind ofdiseases, prevent the deterioration of the environment and to increase the production of the ponds. Thefeasibility of L. stylirostris and Siganus lineatus polyculture in earthen ponds was carried out in thisstudy. The main objectives were 1) to estimate the adaptive capacity and growth performance of S.lineatus, and the environmental variations in a closed culture system, 2) to estimate the technicalfeasibility of L. stylirostris and S. lineatus polyculture, and 3) to estimate the effects of L. stylirostrisand S. lineatus polyculture on zootechnical performances and pond ecology in comparison withmonoculture of these species.To answer to the first objective, Siganus lineatus (5.7g) was stocked at 7, 14 and 21 fish.m-2 in aclosed culture system. After 8 weeks of culture period, S. lineatus growth performance was similarbetween all densities. S. lineatus could well adapt and grow in a closed system, even at lowtemperature, ca. 20oC and high stocking density, 21 fish.m-2. High stocking density did not havenegative effects on S. lineatus growth performance, but could cause the environmental deteriorationdue to increased nutrient input and accumulated organic wastes in the culture system. Asconsequence, S. lineatus could die when water oxygen depleted to below 2 mg.L-1.To reach the second and the third objective, a second experiment showed that adding S. lineatus (25.5g) to L. stylirostris (2.9 g) culture system (15 shrimp.m-2) at 1.2 and 2.4 fish.m-2 did not affect L.stylirostris zootechnical performance during the first stage of the rearing. S. lineatus gained 100% ofsurvival and similar growth performance in all densities. The polyculture system increased totalcombined production by 47 – 106 % and reduced FCR by 31.6 – 47.7% compared with those inshrimp monoculture. The addition of S. lineatus to the culture system did not have significantlyeffects on the gross primary productivity, the respiration, the nutrient and particulates fluxes at thewater-sediment interface of the pond ecosystem.In a third experiment, using higher stocking biomasses of L. stylirostris (14 g) at 156 g.m-2 in apolyculture with S. lineatus (19 g) (80 g.m-2) and at 237 g.m-2 in shrimp monoculture, we observed ahigh shrimp mortality. Conversely, stocking biomasses of S. lineatus (19 g) at 155 g.m-2 in apolyculture with L. stylirostris (14 g) (81 g.m-2) and at 235 g.m-2 in monoculture resulted in increasesof S. lineatus biomasses. This study showed that polyculture using S. lineatus is able to reduce organicwastes and nutrient release by consumption uneaten feed and retention input nutrients in biomass thatcontribute to limit the impact of the pond ecosystem eutrophication.Results of stable isotope analyses showed that the used pellet feed was not a major carbon source, butwas an important nitrogen source for both L. stylirostris and S. lineatus. Natural biota, includingsediment organic matter and particulate organic matter, was a main carbon source and represented asa secondary nitrogen source for both species.It may be concluded that S. lineatus is a suitable candidate for commercial culture in bothmonoculture and polyculture with L. stylirostris in earthen pond. Polyculture should be a properapproach that could partly contribute to sustainable development of aquaculture, but needs specificresearch to optimize the trophic status of the reared species.
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Heavy metals in Hong Kong rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus)Kwan, Sai-ping., 關世平. January 1999 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Ecology and Biodiversity / Master / Master of Philosophy
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