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Estudo teórico de clusters bimetálicos de cobre incrementados com átomos de prata / Theoretical study of copper bimetallic clusters increased with silver atomsLeite, Francinaldo dos Santos 17 March 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / The structures Cu3Agn, with n ranging from 3 to 25, using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) methodology and later the most stable structures (Cu3Ag10, Cu3Ag16 and Cu3Ag19) were studied through the Functional Theory of (DFT) density. The DFT calculations were performed with the SIESTA computational package, with the (PBE / DZP) theory level. In addition, we performed calculations in the Gaussian 09 computational package to verify the fundamental state, as well as to obtain spectroscopic data, where we analyzed PDOS, spin multiplicity and infrared. The results showed that the Cu orbital of the Cu most contributed to form the bond and to the atom of Ag 4p. The lowest energy values in the multiplicities sexteto, dubleto and quarteto, were found respectively for the Cu3Ag10, Cu3Ag16 and Cu3Ag20 clusters. Infrared data revealed that the Cu-Cu bonds showed a wavelength equal to 80 cm -1, Cu-Ag at 160 cm -1 and Ag-Ag at 180 cm -1. Therefore, it is concluded that the electronic and magnetic effects are influenced by the size and omposition of the clusters and that in the proportion Ag is added the gap obtained through HOMO-LUMO tends to decrease. / As estruturas Cu3Agn, com n variando de 3 até 25, usando a metodologia Algoritmo genético (GA) e posteriormente as estruturas dos mais estáveis (Cu3Ag10, Cu3Ag16 e Cu3Ag19) foram estudadas através da Teoria do Funcional da densidade (DFT). Os cálculos de DFT foram realizados com o pacote computacional SIESTA, com o nível de teoria (PBE/DZP). Além disso, realizamos cálculos no pacote computacional Gaussian 09 para verificar o estado fundamental, bem como obter dados espectroscópicos, onde analisou-se PDOS, multiplicidade de spin e infravermelho. Os resultados mostraram que o orbital 3d do Cu foi o que mais contribuiu para formar ligação e para o átomo de Ag o 4p. O menores valores de energia nas multiplicidades sexteto, dubleto e quarteto, foram encontrados respectivamente para os clusters Cu3Ag10, Cu3Ag16 e Cu3Ag20. Os dados obtidos no infravermelho revelaram que as ligações Cu-Cu mostrou-se no comprimento de onda igual a 80 cm-1, Cu-Ag em 160 cm-1 e Ag-Ag em 180 cm-1.
Assim sendo, conclui-se que os efeitos eletrônicos e magnéticos são influenciados pelo tamanho e composição dos clusters e que na proporção que se acrescenta Ag o gap obtido por meio do HOMO-LUMO tende a diminuir. Read more
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A Study of Silver: an Alternative Maldi Matrix for Low Weight Compounds and Mass Spectrometry ImagingWalton, Barbara Lynn 05 1900 (has links)
Soft-landing ion mobility has applicability in a variety of areas. The ability to produce material and collect a sufficient amount for further analysis and applications is the key goal of this technique. Soft-landing ion mobility has provided a way to deposit material in a controllable fashion, and can be tailored to specific applications. Changing the conditions at which soft-landing ion mobility occurs effects the characteristics of the resulting particles (size, distribution/coverage on the surface). Longer deposition times generated more material on the surface; however, higher pressures increased material loss due to diffusion. Larger particles were landed when using higher pressures, and increased laser energy at ablation. The utilization of this technique for the deposition of silver clusters has provided a solvent free matrix application technique for MALDI-MS. The low kinetic energy of incident ions along with the solvent free nature of soft-landing ion mobility lead to a technique capable of imaging sensitive samples and low mass analysis. The lack of significant interference as seen by traditional organic matrices is avoided with the use of metallic particles, providing a major enhancement in the ability to analyze low mass compounds by MALDI. Read more
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