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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Análise descritiva da histopatologia criptocóccica / Analisis descritiva of the cryptococcal histopatology

Gazzoni, Alexandra Flávia January 2009 (has links)
A identificação histopatológica dos agentes fúngicos é um método excelente de diagnóstico, devido ao fato de que as estruturas são facilmente identificadas por meio das técnicas histoquímicas. Até o momento, não dispõem-se de métodos aceitáveis para quantificação da atividade da infecção. Esta investigação protocola um método de estimativa para atividade biológica da criptococose através da determinação dos índice de brotamentos e carminofílico do Cryptococcus. Objetivos: Descrever os aspectos histopatológicos da criptococose através das técnicas histoquímicas básicas e especiais da micologia. Métodos: Foram avaliados 33 pacientes com diagnóstico histopatológico prévio da criptococose. Resultados: Houve predominância do sexo masculino. A idade variou entre 10 a 81 anos, com média de 45,6 anos. A criptococose é doença definidora dos casos de Aids, sendo considerado seu principal fator predisponente, seguido de transplantes. O trato respiratório é o mais envolvido. O microrganismos tem tropismo para o sistema nervoso central e apresenta disseminação para outros órgãos. Resultados falso-negativos é reflexo da deficiência de material capsular. A mortalidade foi de 36%, sendo o maior índice obervado até os 3 primeiros meses após o diagnóstico. A criptococose apresenta-se sob duas formas, reativa e paucireativa. Na infecção reativa, os organismos foram menos abundantes e predominantemente intracelulares aos histiócitos e às células gigantes. Na infecção paucireativa, há um grande número de leveduras, que proliferam-se extracelularmente e estão associadas a destruição do tecido afetado. Ambos infecções, reativas e paucireativas mostraram grande variação no índice de brotamento. O índice carminofílico foi menor nas infecção reativas, quando comparados a infecção paucireativa. Discussão: A coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina é usada para visualizar as alterações estruturais das lesões, bem como da reação tecidual. A coloração da prata é a mais utilizada para identificação dos organismos fúngicos como o Cryptococcus. A coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer detecta a cápsula mucopolissacarídica circundante corada na cor magenta. A coloração de FM oferece diagnóstico diferencial nos casos inconclusivos à coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer. A quantificação de IB e IC é uma escala útil na interpretação da resposta inflamatória do hospedeiro e atividade biológica da criptococose. / The histopathologic identification from the fungal agents that's a method excellent of diagnostic, due the fact of what the structures são easily identified for histochemical techniques. So far, there is no methods you accepted about to measurement of biologic activity. This investigation aponta to an method of estimate of the activity biologic of cryptococcal infection by determination of the Budding Index and Carminophilic Index of the Cryptococcus. Objectives: Describes the histologic features of cryptococcosis by basic and special histochemical techniques of mycology. Methods: Have been evaluated 33 patients with previous cryptococcosis histopathologic diagnostic. Results: There is an predominance of the males. The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 81 years with a median value 45,4 years. The HIV infection was the main risk factor for disease, followg of transplants. The respiratory tract is the most frequently involved among the organ systems organs. The false-negative latex test are due to capsular deficiency. The moratlity rate was 36%, The high rate of 50% was observed between of 1 to 3 months. The cryptococcal infections is divided into two major histologic categories, reactive and paucireactive, based upon the host reaction. In reactive infection, the organisms were lessa abundant and were predominantly intracellular within histiocytes and giant cells. In paucireactive infection, thre is large numbers of yeats in the lesions, cryptococci proliferate extracellarly within the involved tissues, associated histologically with mucoid degeneration of the surrounding tissue. Both reactice and paucireactive infections showed great variation in Budding Index. The Carminophilic Inded was lower in the reactive infections, when compared with the paucireactive infection. In this Carminophilic Index presented higher measurements.. Discussion: The Hematoxilin-Eosin stain is used to look for strucutural changes of the infectd lesion, as well tissues reactions. The Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain is the more commonly used in identificatifying these organisms. The mucicarmine stain detecting the surrounding mucopolisacharides capsule of the magenta color. The Fontana-Masson staining offers differential diagnostic. The determination of IB and IC is an scale that relied, because it provides an interpretation of the host response and biological activity of the cryptoccosis.
2

Análise descritiva da histopatologia criptocóccica / Analisis descritiva of the cryptococcal histopatology

Gazzoni, Alexandra Flávia January 2009 (has links)
A identificação histopatológica dos agentes fúngicos é um método excelente de diagnóstico, devido ao fato de que as estruturas são facilmente identificadas por meio das técnicas histoquímicas. Até o momento, não dispõem-se de métodos aceitáveis para quantificação da atividade da infecção. Esta investigação protocola um método de estimativa para atividade biológica da criptococose através da determinação dos índice de brotamentos e carminofílico do Cryptococcus. Objetivos: Descrever os aspectos histopatológicos da criptococose através das técnicas histoquímicas básicas e especiais da micologia. Métodos: Foram avaliados 33 pacientes com diagnóstico histopatológico prévio da criptococose. Resultados: Houve predominância do sexo masculino. A idade variou entre 10 a 81 anos, com média de 45,6 anos. A criptococose é doença definidora dos casos de Aids, sendo considerado seu principal fator predisponente, seguido de transplantes. O trato respiratório é o mais envolvido. O microrganismos tem tropismo para o sistema nervoso central e apresenta disseminação para outros órgãos. Resultados falso-negativos é reflexo da deficiência de material capsular. A mortalidade foi de 36%, sendo o maior índice obervado até os 3 primeiros meses após o diagnóstico. A criptococose apresenta-se sob duas formas, reativa e paucireativa. Na infecção reativa, os organismos foram menos abundantes e predominantemente intracelulares aos histiócitos e às células gigantes. Na infecção paucireativa, há um grande número de leveduras, que proliferam-se extracelularmente e estão associadas a destruição do tecido afetado. Ambos infecções, reativas e paucireativas mostraram grande variação no índice de brotamento. O índice carminofílico foi menor nas infecção reativas, quando comparados a infecção paucireativa. Discussão: A coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina é usada para visualizar as alterações estruturais das lesões, bem como da reação tecidual. A coloração da prata é a mais utilizada para identificação dos organismos fúngicos como o Cryptococcus. A coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer detecta a cápsula mucopolissacarídica circundante corada na cor magenta. A coloração de FM oferece diagnóstico diferencial nos casos inconclusivos à coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer. A quantificação de IB e IC é uma escala útil na interpretação da resposta inflamatória do hospedeiro e atividade biológica da criptococose. / The histopathologic identification from the fungal agents that's a method excellent of diagnostic, due the fact of what the structures são easily identified for histochemical techniques. So far, there is no methods you accepted about to measurement of biologic activity. This investigation aponta to an method of estimate of the activity biologic of cryptococcal infection by determination of the Budding Index and Carminophilic Index of the Cryptococcus. Objectives: Describes the histologic features of cryptococcosis by basic and special histochemical techniques of mycology. Methods: Have been evaluated 33 patients with previous cryptococcosis histopathologic diagnostic. Results: There is an predominance of the males. The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 81 years with a median value 45,4 years. The HIV infection was the main risk factor for disease, followg of transplants. The respiratory tract is the most frequently involved among the organ systems organs. The false-negative latex test are due to capsular deficiency. The moratlity rate was 36%, The high rate of 50% was observed between of 1 to 3 months. The cryptococcal infections is divided into two major histologic categories, reactive and paucireactive, based upon the host reaction. In reactive infection, the organisms were lessa abundant and were predominantly intracellular within histiocytes and giant cells. In paucireactive infection, thre is large numbers of yeats in the lesions, cryptococci proliferate extracellarly within the involved tissues, associated histologically with mucoid degeneration of the surrounding tissue. Both reactice and paucireactive infections showed great variation in Budding Index. The Carminophilic Inded was lower in the reactive infections, when compared with the paucireactive infection. In this Carminophilic Index presented higher measurements.. Discussion: The Hematoxilin-Eosin stain is used to look for strucutural changes of the infectd lesion, as well tissues reactions. The Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain is the more commonly used in identificatifying these organisms. The mucicarmine stain detecting the surrounding mucopolisacharides capsule of the magenta color. The Fontana-Masson staining offers differential diagnostic. The determination of IB and IC is an scale that relied, because it provides an interpretation of the host response and biological activity of the cryptoccosis.
3

Análise descritiva da histopatologia criptocóccica / Analisis descritiva of the cryptococcal histopatology

Gazzoni, Alexandra Flávia January 2009 (has links)
A identificação histopatológica dos agentes fúngicos é um método excelente de diagnóstico, devido ao fato de que as estruturas são facilmente identificadas por meio das técnicas histoquímicas. Até o momento, não dispõem-se de métodos aceitáveis para quantificação da atividade da infecção. Esta investigação protocola um método de estimativa para atividade biológica da criptococose através da determinação dos índice de brotamentos e carminofílico do Cryptococcus. Objetivos: Descrever os aspectos histopatológicos da criptococose através das técnicas histoquímicas básicas e especiais da micologia. Métodos: Foram avaliados 33 pacientes com diagnóstico histopatológico prévio da criptococose. Resultados: Houve predominância do sexo masculino. A idade variou entre 10 a 81 anos, com média de 45,6 anos. A criptococose é doença definidora dos casos de Aids, sendo considerado seu principal fator predisponente, seguido de transplantes. O trato respiratório é o mais envolvido. O microrganismos tem tropismo para o sistema nervoso central e apresenta disseminação para outros órgãos. Resultados falso-negativos é reflexo da deficiência de material capsular. A mortalidade foi de 36%, sendo o maior índice obervado até os 3 primeiros meses após o diagnóstico. A criptococose apresenta-se sob duas formas, reativa e paucireativa. Na infecção reativa, os organismos foram menos abundantes e predominantemente intracelulares aos histiócitos e às células gigantes. Na infecção paucireativa, há um grande número de leveduras, que proliferam-se extracelularmente e estão associadas a destruição do tecido afetado. Ambos infecções, reativas e paucireativas mostraram grande variação no índice de brotamento. O índice carminofílico foi menor nas infecção reativas, quando comparados a infecção paucireativa. Discussão: A coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina é usada para visualizar as alterações estruturais das lesões, bem como da reação tecidual. A coloração da prata é a mais utilizada para identificação dos organismos fúngicos como o Cryptococcus. A coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer detecta a cápsula mucopolissacarídica circundante corada na cor magenta. A coloração de FM oferece diagnóstico diferencial nos casos inconclusivos à coloração de Mucicarmim de Mayer. A quantificação de IB e IC é uma escala útil na interpretação da resposta inflamatória do hospedeiro e atividade biológica da criptococose. / The histopathologic identification from the fungal agents that's a method excellent of diagnostic, due the fact of what the structures são easily identified for histochemical techniques. So far, there is no methods you accepted about to measurement of biologic activity. This investigation aponta to an method of estimate of the activity biologic of cryptococcal infection by determination of the Budding Index and Carminophilic Index of the Cryptococcus. Objectives: Describes the histologic features of cryptococcosis by basic and special histochemical techniques of mycology. Methods: Have been evaluated 33 patients with previous cryptococcosis histopathologic diagnostic. Results: There is an predominance of the males. The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 81 years with a median value 45,4 years. The HIV infection was the main risk factor for disease, followg of transplants. The respiratory tract is the most frequently involved among the organ systems organs. The false-negative latex test are due to capsular deficiency. The moratlity rate was 36%, The high rate of 50% was observed between of 1 to 3 months. The cryptococcal infections is divided into two major histologic categories, reactive and paucireactive, based upon the host reaction. In reactive infection, the organisms were lessa abundant and were predominantly intracellular within histiocytes and giant cells. In paucireactive infection, thre is large numbers of yeats in the lesions, cryptococci proliferate extracellarly within the involved tissues, associated histologically with mucoid degeneration of the surrounding tissue. Both reactice and paucireactive infections showed great variation in Budding Index. The Carminophilic Inded was lower in the reactive infections, when compared with the paucireactive infection. In this Carminophilic Index presented higher measurements.. Discussion: The Hematoxilin-Eosin stain is used to look for strucutural changes of the infectd lesion, as well tissues reactions. The Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain is the more commonly used in identificatifying these organisms. The mucicarmine stain detecting the surrounding mucopolisacharides capsule of the magenta color. The Fontana-Masson staining offers differential diagnostic. The determination of IB and IC is an scale that relied, because it provides an interpretation of the host response and biological activity of the cryptoccosis.
4

Structural and Functional Characterization of O-Antigen Translocation and Polymerization in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Islam, Salim Timo 07 June 2013 (has links)
Heteropolymeric O antigen (O-Ag)-capped lipopolysaccharide is the principal constituent of the Gram-negative bacterial cell surface. It is assembled via the integral inner membrane (IM) Wzx/Wzy-dependent pathway. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Wzx translocates lipid-linked anionic O-Ag subunits from the cytoplasmic to the periplasmic leaflets of the IM, where Wzy polymerizes the subunits to lengths regulated by Wzz1/2. The Wzx and Wzy IM topologies were mapped using random C-terminal-truncation fusions to PhoALacZα, which displays PhoA/LacZ activity dependent upon its subcellular localization. Twelve transmembrane segments (TMS) containing charged residues were identified for Wzx. Fourteen TMS, two sizeable cytoplasmic loops (CL), and two large periplasmic loops (PL3 and PL5 of comparable size) were characterized for Wzy. Despite Wzy PL3–PL5 sequence homology, these loops were distinguished by respective cationic and anionic charge properties. Site-directed mutagenesis identified functionally-essential Arg residues in both loops. These results led to the proposition of a “catch-and-release” mechanism for Wzy function. The abovementioned Arg residues and intra-Wzy PL3–PL5 sequence homology were conserved among phylogenetically diverse Wzy homologues, indicating widespread potential for the proposed mechanism. Unexpectedly, Wzy CL6 mutations disrupted Wzz1-mediated regulation of shorter O-Ag chains, providing the first evidence for direct Wzy–Wzz interaction. Mutagenesis studies identified functionally-important charged and aromatic TMS residues localized to either the interior vestibule or TMS bundles in a 3D homology model constructed for Wzx. Substrate-binding or energy-coupling roles were proposed for these residues, respectively. The Wzx interior was found to be cationic, consistent with translocation of anionic O-Ag subunits. To test these hypotheses, Wzx was overexpressed, purified, and reconstituted in proteoliposomes loaded with I−. Common transport coupling ions were introduced to “open” the protein and allow detection of I− flux via reconstituted Wzx. Extraliposomal changes in H+ induced I− flux, while Na+ addition had no effect, suggesting H+-dependent Wzx gating. Putative energy-coupling residue mutants demonstrated defective H+-dependent halide flux. Wzx also mediated H+ uptake as detected through fluorescence shifts from proteoliposomes loaded with pH-sensitive dye. Consequently, Wzx was proposed to function via H+-coupled antiport. In summary, this research has contributed structural and functional knowledge leading to novel mechanistic understandings for O-Ag biosynthesis in bacteria. / Bookmarks within the document have been provided for ease of access to a particular section in the body of the thesis. Each entry in the Table of Contents, List of Tables, and List of Figures has been "linked" to its respective position and as such can be clicked for direct access to the entry. Similarly, each in-text Figure or Table reference has been "linked" to its respective figure/table for direct access to the entry. / 1.) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship doctoral award, 2.) CIHR Michael Smith Foreign Study Award, 3.) Cystic Fibrosis Canada (CFC) doctoral studentship, 4.) University of Guelph Dean's Tri-Council Scholarship, 5.) Ontario Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology, 6.) Operating grants to Dr. Joseph S. Lam from CIHR (MOP-14687) and CFC

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