Esta pesquisa relata o estudo da elaboração e avaliação de desempenho de misturas asfálticas mornas com uso de zeólitas naturais. Ela foi dividida em três etapas. A primeira consistiu na execução de ensaios de laboratório que buscaram conhecer algumas propriedades e o funcionamento da mistura asfáltica morna com utilização de zeólitas naturais através da determinação do projeto da mistura e da elaboração em diferentes temperaturas. A segunda etapa consistiu na preparação da usina de asfalto para misturas à quente para a fabricação de misturas a temperaturas inferiores, nas regulagens de temperatura e na verificação dos procedimentos necessários para adequar uma usina padrão para elaborar misturas mornas nas temperaturas de projeto. Na última etapa, foi feito o acompanhamento do transporte, espalhamento, compactação das misturas mornas e posterior avaliação de desempenho dos pavimentos, com o emprego de simulador de tráfego linear, em três testes, realizados em duas pistas experimentais, localizadas na Área de Testes de Pavimentos, no Campus do Vale da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. / This research reports the study of the production, implementation and performance evaluation of warm asphalt mixtures prepared by adding natural zeolites. It was divided into three stages. The first consisted of performing laboratory tests that get to know some properties and the functioning of warm mix asphalt, determining the projects of mixtures which were used in accelerated tests after analysis of specimens produced by different temperatures of manufacturing and compression. The second step consisted of preparing an asphalt plant for conventional mixtures for the manufacture of mixtures at lower temperatures, in temperature settings, and checking the necessary procedures to tailor a pilot plant to produce warm mixtures according to the temperatures of the project. In the last step, the transport, spreading and compaction of warm mixtures and subsequent performance evaluation of pavements were checked, with the use of linear traffic simulator in three tests conducted on two experimental tracks, located in Testing Pavement Area, on Valley Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

Orientador: Prof. Raphael Yokoingawa de Camargo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, 2014. / Nowadays, utilizing co-processors, accelerators and specially GPGPU computation are widely accepted as a new paradigm of High Performance Computing (HPC). However, developing softwares that can utilize available resources still remains a challenging task. In other side, scientist have used legacy CPU-based simulators for decades and many of them are still the main tools in different fields of science. In fact, any activity that can combine the legacy simulators with powerful co-processors devices is in the main interest. In this project, we design and develop a simulation engine, Parallel Neural Network Simulator (PN2S), to communicate with MOOSE simulator (A well-known tools by Neuroscientists) and provide CUDA based execution for simulating realistic neural network models. The simulation engine maps the voltage distribution in neuron¿s body to sets of linear systems and solve them on GPU. To provide usable functionality, we also developed solver for active channels which support Hodgkin-Huxley model of ionic channels. We compared the engine with CPU version for both homogeneous simple models and randomly generated heterogeneous network. The evaluation focused on performance and also covered the accuracy of the simulation. The experimental results, showed that by facilitating PN2S engine, we can significantly increase the performance of a simulation engine, since its execution is quite transparent to the users and major parts of the host simulator.

Submitted by BETHANYA GRAICK CARIZIO null (bethanya.carizio@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-18T04:21:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_BETHANYA_G_CARIZIO_PPG_DESIGN.pdf: 4436212 bytes, checksum: f2f9fe75b5430036c2548a2454b777fd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T13:26:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carizio_bc_me_bauru.pdf: 4436212 bytes, checksum: f2f9fe75b5430036c2548a2454b777fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T13:26:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carizio_bc_me_bauru.pdf: 4436212 bytes, checksum: f2f9fe75b5430036c2548a2454b777fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O uso de telefone celular durante a condução de automóvel é uma causa importante de risco aumentado de acidentes. Distratores, como conversar ao telefone celular no modo viva-voz ou segurando o equipamento na mão, interferem no mecanismo atencional, e tendem a perturbar o comportamento perceptual e motor dos motoristas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito distrator de usar o telefone celular (condições viva-voz e na mão) sobre o comportamento perceptivo-motor de motoristas durante a direção simulada de automóvel. Dez motoristas novatos e dez experientes tiveram a cinemática de olhos e cabeça mensurada enquanto dirigiam em um simulador de direção sob condições de 80-120 km/h de velocidade, luz do dia, trajetória linear e baixo nível de tráfego. De modo geral, os resultados mostraram que o número de fixações aumentou, o tempo relativo de fixação diminuiu, a variância horizontal e vertical do olhar, a variância da posição e da orientação da cabeça aumentou durante as condições de uso do celular viva-voz e na mão, comparadas à condição controle (sem conversa). Efeitos dos grupos de experiência não foram observados. Em suma, conversar ao telefone celular tende a perturbar a atenção devido à diminuição da estabilidade de olho e da cabeça; consequentemente, à obtenção de informação visual relevante para a segurança da direção. Áreas de estudo como o design ergonômico podem efetivamente auxiliar o planejamento de equipamentos e de aparelhos que atendem às demandas cognitivas, perceptuais e motoras dos motoristas, contribuindo para a segurança no trânsito. / Using a mobile phone while driving a car is an important cause of increase ed risk of accidents. Distractors such as talking on a cell phone in speakerphone mode or holding the device in hand interfere in the attentional mechanism and tend to disrupt drivers’ perceptual and motor behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distractor effect of using a cell phone (speakerphone mode and in hand conditions) on drivers’ perceptual-motor behavior during simulated car driving. Ten novices and ten experienced drivers had eyes and head kinematics measured while driving in a driver simulator under conditions of 80-120 Km/h velocity, day light, linear trajectory, and low traffic level. Generally, results showed that number of fixations increased, relative fixation time decreased, horizontal and vertical gaze variance increased, and variance of head position and orientation increased during both speakerphone mode and in hand conditions of mobile phone use, as compared to the control (no talking) condition. Effects of experience group were not observed. In sum, talking on a mobile phone tend to disturb attention due to decrease in eyes and head stability and, consequently, pickup of relevant visual information for safety driving. Areas of study as ergonomic design can effectively help in the planning of equipment or devices that meet the cognitive, perceptual and motor drivers’ demands, contributing to road safety.

A contribuição deste trabalho foi orientada principalmente ao desenvolvimento de alternativas de hardware para a execução nativa de bytecodes Java em sistemas embarcados que naturalmente possuem restrições quanto à potência consumida, ao desempenho e à área ocupada. Primeiramente, o desenvolvimento do Femtojava Low- Power demonstra que a utilização de um pipeline e de um banco de registradores interno em arquiteturas de pilha resultam em uma redução significativa no consumo de potência. Após, a técnica de folding, que basicamente transforma várias operações de pilha em uma operação tipo RISC, é avaliada. A análise de uma segunda solução arquitetural, baseada em VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word), também traz resultados satisfatórios na redução do consumo de potência, sendo que a paralelização do código, feita por um analisador desenvolvido, é facilitada devido à utilização de uma arquitetura de pilha. O desempenho e a potência consumida de todas as arquiteturas propostas neste trabalho foram validadas utilizando-se o simulador CACO-PS, também desenvolvido no contexto desta dissertação. Os estudos de caso adotados para a validação das alternativas arquiteturais compreenderam algoritmos matemáticos, de ordenação, busca e processamento de sinais, bastante utilizados no domínio de sistemas embarcados. Resultados promissores principalmente em termos de energia consumida são alcançados, assim como na disponibilização de diferentes arquiteturas para a execução nativa de Java, principal proposta deste trabalho. / The main contribution of this work was the development of hardware alternatives for native execution of Java bytecodes for embedded systems that have power, performance and area constraints. Firstly, the development of the Femtojava Low- Power shows that the use of a pipeline and an internal register bank in stack architectures brings a significant reduction in the power consumption. After that, the folding technique, that basically changes a set of stack operations into a simple RISC one, is evaluated. Then, the analysis of a second architectural solution, based on VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word), demonstrates also good results concerning power consumption. Moreover, it is shown that the parallelization of the code is facilitated due to the specific stack architecture. The power consumption and performance of all architectures here proposed were evaluated using the CACO-PS simulator, which was also developed in this work. The case studies adopted for the validation of the architectures were mathematic, sort, search and DSP algorithms, widely used in the embedded system domain. Promising results mainly in energy consumption were achieved, as well as the disponibilization of different architectures for native execution of Java, the main objective of this work.

Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados e análises do monitoramento de um recapeamento asfáltico executado com camada intermediária de geotêxtil. A pista experimental vem sendo solicitada desde 1999, em uma pesquisa que se encontra na sua terceira fase, atingindo 1.103.885 ciclos de carga de 100 kN aplicados. Nessa última fase de estudo o tráfego foi aplicado entre Setembro de 2008 e Fevereiro de 2009, totalizando 121.685 ciclos de carga de eixo de 100 kN. A pista foi dividida em três regiões, sendo empregado em duas delas geotêxteis impregnados com asfalto. Durante o período de estudo foram monitorados parâmetros de resposta estrutural, através de medidas de deflexões e bacias defletométricas, parâmetros de comportamento, através de medidas de deformações permanentes e mapeamento de trincas, e por fim parâmetros ambientais, através das medidas de temperatura do ar e precipitações. Foram também aplicados modelos de previsão de desempenho para o caso de reflexões de trincas. O monitoramento do trincamento na pista mostrou que as regiões com geotêxtil tiveram melhor desempenho quando comparadas à região sem camada intermediária. O comprimento de trincas no final do estudo foi de 764 cm na região sem camada intermediária, 328 cm na região com geotêxtil G150 e 554 cm na região com geotêxtil G150 TF. Foram extraídos corpos de prova da pista, sobre algumas trincas, de modo a se visualizar o modo de desenvolvimento do trincamento, e também para buscar se identificar onde ocorreu trincamento por reflexão. Não foi possível extrair CPs de todas as trincas face a proximidade das mesmas e das dimensões da sonda rotativa, porém do material retirado observou-se ocorrência de trincamento por reflexão, trincamento por fadiga e também trincamento conhecido como top-down cracking (TDC). Os resultados evidenciam que a inclusão de geotêxteis como camada de absorção de tensões aumenta significativamente a vida de recapeamentos asfálticos executados sobre pavimentos trincados. / This dissertation presents the results of the monitoring and analysis of an overlay executed with intermediate geotextile layer. The experimental track has been requested since 1999, in a research that is in its third phase, reaching 1.103.885 cycles of 100 kN axle load applied. In this last phase of the study, the traffic was applied between September 2008 and February 2009, totaling 121.685 cycles of 100 kN axle load. The track is divided into three regions, two of them uses geotextiles impregnated with asphalt. During the study period were monitored parameters of structural response, by means of deflections and basins, parameters of behavior, by means of permanent deformation and mapping of cracks, and finally environmental parameters, through the measures of air temperature and rainfall. Models were also applied to predict the performance of the overlay. The monitoring of cracking showed that regions with geotextile had improved performance when compared to the region without intermediate layer. The length of cracks at the end of the study was 764 cm in the region without intermediate layer, 328 cm in the region with geotextile G150 and 554 cm in the region with geotextile G150 TF. Samples were extracted from the track to see how the cracking was developed and also to identify where there was reflective cracking. On the material removed was observed occurrence of reflective cracking, fatigue cracking and also top-down cracking (TDC). The results show that geotextiles increases the life of concrete asphaltic overlays.

Esta dissertação apresenta uma avaliação da eficiência de um recapeamento constituído por mistura de asfalto-borracha (processo via-úmida), no retardamento de reflexão de trincas, através da técnica de ensaios acelerados. Para a realização do estudo foi construído um pavimento experimental com camada final de terraplenagem de argila arenosa de comportamento laterítico (50 cm), base de brita graduada (30 cm), camada de concreto asfáltico trincado (4 cm) e camada de recapeamento em asfalto-borracha (5 cm). O simulador de tráfego DAER/UFRGS aplicou aproximadamente 513.000 ciclos de carga de eixo de 100 kN. Ao longo do experimento o desempenho do pavimento foi acompanhado, com ênfase no surgimento de trincas. A evolução da condição estrutural do pavimento foi monitorada através das medidas de deflexões e dados de instrumentação (tensões e deformações). O registro da evolução da condição funcional do pavimento foi feito através do levantamento de afundamento de trilha de roda, e macro e micro textura. Com a finalidade de comparar o desempenho do recapeamento em asfalto-borracha com os de outros recapeamentos convencionais previamente ensaiados, desenvolveu-se um procedimento para correção de temperaturas. Constatou-se que o emprego de asfalto-borracha retardou em cinco vezes o surgimento de trincas. Assim, o nível de severidade do trincamento igual a 100 cm/m2 ocorreu no recapeamento em asfalto-borracha após 340.000 solicitações (100 kN), enquanto no recapeamento em asfalto convencional tal nível de severidade foi registrado com somente 66.000 solicitações da mesma carga de eixo. Globalmente, o recapeamento em asfalto-borracha conferiu ao pavimento melhores condições funcionais e estruturais, se comparado com um recapeamento convencional da mesma espessura, executado sobre um pavimento com níveis de degradação similares. / This research discusses the efficiency of asphalt-rubber overlays in cracks reflection delaying, based in APT data. In order to carry the study, a test section was built over a lateritic sandy clay subgrade. The pavement included a 30 cm thick granular base, a 4 cm thick cracked asphalt concrete and 5 cm thick asphalt-rubber overlay. A linear traffic simulator applied nearly 513,000 cycles of 100-kN axle load. During trafficking the pavement performance was followed, emphasis being given to cracking. The pavement structural condition was monitored by deflection measurements and instrumentation (stress and strain) data. Rut depths and pavement texture were measured as part of the functional evaluation. In order to compare the performance of the focused asphalt-rubber to those of conventional asphalt concrete overlays previously tested, a procedure to correct testing temperatures was developed. It was found out that cracks appeared in the asphalt-rubber overlay nearly 5 times later than in the AC conventional one. The same cracking severity index of 100 cm/m2 that occurred after 340,000 loading cycles in the asphalt-rubber overlay, was computed after just 66,000 cycles in the conventional AC overlay. All in all, the asphalt-rubber overlay provided the pavement better functional and structural conditions, than a conventional AC overlay with identical thickness would.

abstract: Time-series plots are used in many scientific and engineering applications. In this thesis, two new plug-ins for piecewise constant and event time-series are developed within the Eclipse BIRT (Business Intelligence and Reporting Tools) framework. These customizable plug-ins support superdense time, which is required for plotting the dynamics of Parallel DEVS models. These plug-ins are designed to receive time-based alphanumerical data sets from external computing sources, which can then be dynamically plotted. Static and dynamic time-series plotting are demonstrated in two settings. First, as standalone plug-ins, they can be used to create static plots, which can then be included in BIRT reports. Second, the plug-ins are integrated into the DEVS-Suite simulator where runtime simulated data generated from model components are dynamically plotted. Visual representation of data sets can simplify and improve model verification and simulation validation. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2015

abstract: From 2D planar MOSFET to 3D FinFET, the geometry of semiconductor devices is getting more and more complex. Correspondingly, the number of mesh grid points increases largely to maintain the accuracy of carrier transport and heat transfer simulations. By substituting the conventional uniform mesh with non-uniform mesh, one can reduce the number of grid points. However, the problem of how to solve governing equations on non-uniform mesh is then imposed to the numerical solver. Moreover, if a device simulator is integrated into a multi-scale simulator, the problem size will be further increased. Consequently, there exist two challenges for the current numerical solver. One is to increase the functionality to accommodate non-uniform mesh. The other is to solve governing physical equations fast and accurately on a large number of mesh grid points. This research rst discusses a 2D planar MOSFET simulator and its numerical solver, pointing out its performance limit. By analyzing the algorithm complexity, Multigrid method is proposed to replace conventional Successive-Over-Relaxation method in a numerical solver. A variety of Multigrid methods (standard Multigrid, Algebraic Multigrid, Full Approximation Scheme, and Full Multigrid) are discussed and implemented. Their properties are examined through a set of numerical experiments. Finally, Algebraic Multigrid, Full Approximation Scheme and Full Multigrid are integrated into one advanced numerical solver based on the exact requirements of a semiconductor device simulator. A 2D MOSFET device is used to benchmark the performance, showing that the advanced Multigrid method has higher speed, accuracy and robustness. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Materials Science and Engineering 2015

abstract: Utility scale solar energy is generated by photovoltaic (PV) cell arrays, which are often deployed in remote areas. A PV array monitoring system is considered where smart sensors are attached to the PV modules and transmit data to a monitoring station through wireless links. These smart monitoring devices may be used for fault detection and management of connection topologies. In this thesis, a compact hardware simulator of the smart PV array monitoring system is described. The voltage, current, irradiance, and temperature of each PV module are monitored and the status of each panel along with all data is transmitted to a mobile device. LabVIEW and Arduino board programs have been developed to display and visualize the monitoring data from all sensors. All data is saved on servers and mobile devices and desktops can easily access analytics from anywhere. Various PV array conditions including shading, faults, and loading are simulated and demonstrated. Additionally, Electrical mismatch between modules in a PV array due to partial shading causes energy losses beyond the shaded module, as unshaded modules are forced to operate away from their maximum power point in order to compensate for the shading. An irradiance estimation algorithm is presented for use in a mismatch mitigation system. Irradiance is estimated using measurements of module voltage, current, and back surface temperature. These estimates may be used to optimize an array’s electrical configuration and reduce the mismatch losses caused by partial shading. Propagation of error in the estimation is examined; it is found that accuracy is sufficient for use in the proposed mismatch mitigation application. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2016

Le travail réalisé concerne l’étude de la fonctionnalité et des performances des poudres de mannitol en compression directe en s’appuyant sur la simulation de compression sur presse rotative comme outil d’investigations. Dans le contexte réglementaire actuel, il est important pour les industriels, fournisseurs d’excipients pharmaceutiques, d’approfondir leurs connaissances des matériaux afin de répondre aux critères de qualité des médicaments et aux exigences de l’industrie pharmaceutique. Le mannitol est un excipient très largement utilisé en formulation pharmaceutique et notamment pour la conception de comprimés. L’objectif essentiel de cette Etude vise à mieux connaître et maîtriser la qualité de cette matière première afin de pouvoir améliorer, voire optimiser ses performances en compression directe. A l’aide d’une série de tests de caractérisation physiques, physico-chimiques, mécaniques et de compression sur les poudres de mannitol, nous avons pu identifier, dans un premier temps, un certain nombre de critères qui nous ont permis d’émettre des hypothèses et d’établir des axes de travail afin d’analyser le comportement de ces poudres en compression. Les résultats obtenus ont également permis de mettre en avant, à l’aide de l’étude de la compressibilité et des modèles mathématiques associés, un mécanisme de déformation prédominant sur les poudres de mannitol de compression directe. De nombreux prototypes ont fait l’objet d’une investigation approfondie dans une seconde partie, permettant de valider ces hypothèses et d’identifier les paramètres et mécanismes responsables des performances en compression des poudres de mannitol.Globalement, les travaux de recherche conduits dans cette thèse ont permis d’améliorer les connaissances sur les performances en compression des poudres de mannitol de la société Roquette Frères dans des conditions réelles d’utilisation, semblables aux presses rotatives industrielles, et en fournissant des résultats expérimentaux validés et modélisés. / This work focuses on the study of the functionality and performance of directly compressed mannitol powder using a rotary tablet press simulator as an investigation tool. For regulatory authority, it is essential for industrial - pharmaceutical raw material suppliers, to deepen their knowledge about materials to satisfy the drug quality standards and Pharmaceutical industry requirements. Mannitol is a widely used raw material in pharmaceutical formulations for the design of tablets. The main objective of this study is to have a better control and knowledge about this raw material quality, in order to improve and optimize the performance of mannitol in direct compression.Using a series of physical, physico-chemical, mechanical and compression studies on mannitol powders, we identified some criteria that allowed us to emit hypotheses and build a line of work to analyze the powders behavior under compression. The results also allowed us - using compressibility and associated mathematical models - to study the predominant deformation mechanism of directly compressed mannitol powders. Various mannitol prototypes were studied in a second part, permitting to validate these hypotheses and identify parameters and mechanisms affecting tableting performance.Overall, the research work achieved in this thesis have improved the knowledge about compression performance of mannitol powders from Roquette Frères SA company in tablet production used conditions, similar to industrial rotary tablet press, and providing validated and modeled experimental results.