The geologist James Hector (1834-1907) was, by any measure, the most important and influential scientist in nineteenth century New Zealand. In the mid 1860s, he became the first Director of the New Zealand Geological Survey and the Colonial Museum. Thereafter he ran the Colonial Laboratory, set up the Meteorological Service and the Wellington Botanical Gardens and was responsible for the establishment of the New Zealand Institute, acting as its manager and editor of its Transactions and Proceedings for more than 30 years. This work explores the formative years of his career from his early years in Scotland, his experiences with the Palliser Expedition in Canada, and pivotally, his first four years in New Zealand as the first Otago Provincial Geologist. By the time of James Hector�s entry as a medical student to Edinburgh University in 1852, he had already developed a strong interest in natural history, particularly geology. Although he graduated M.D. from Edinburgh in 1856, that course of study served only as a means of access to the natural sciences. Hector�s interest and training in geology developed at an opportune time, when there was increasing demand for geologists to explore the expanding industrial British Empire for coal and other mineral raw materials. Hector�s reputation in geology in Edinburgh brought him to the attention of that most influential British geologist, Sir Roderick Murchison, whose recommendation led to his appointment to the British North American Expedition of 1857 (the Palliser Expedition). Hector was acknowledged, on several counts, as a major contributor to the success of the expedition. When the Otago Provincial Government in New Zealand requested advice on the appointment of a geologist for the province, Murchison predictably proposed Hector. Having reviewed and assessed his work in North America, this thesis deals with the arrival of Hector as Otago Provincial Geologist in Dunedin during the prosperity of the gold rush of the early 1860s. For the first nine months he explored the central and eastern areas of the Province (Chapter 2) and the following year led the exploration of the West Coast, where there was potential for coal, gold and timber-and reputedly copper-and the prospect of providing a commercial route to Melbourne. The two month long expedition up the Matukituki Valley preceded the exploration by ship of the West Coast of the South Island as far north as Martins Bay. The latter became a major triumph on the strength of the contemporary perception of a route between Queenstown and Martins Bay potentially opening up a direct contact between Dunedin and Melbourne. From mid-1864, Hector�s life was governed by the organisation of the International Exhibition, which opened in Dunedin in January 1865. In that context, he travelled to seek support and participation from the other provinces of New Zealand, a political and administrative commission which he combined with geological exploration. After the closure of the successful Exhibition in May 1865 and subsequent to the conclusion of his appointment on 1st April 1865, Hector left Otago in August to take up the newly created post of Director of the New Zealand Geological Survey in Wellington. The parting was not administratively smooth and relations between Hector and the Otago Provincial Government were strained by the lack of a final, definitive, report on the Geology of Otago. An overview of Hector�s geology, specifically his interest in coal and gold, and the evolution of his views on the vexed question of the role of glaciers as geomorphologic agents is provided. James Hector was a man of versatile ability and strong leadership. His scientific skills as a field geologist and the administrative abilities, developed during his explorations in British North America and southern New Zealand, led ultimately to his long and successful career as New Zealand�s chief scientist at a formative time in its history.

Bibliography: leaves 315-363. / viii, 363 leaves : ill., port. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 1994

Bibliography: leaves 180-181.

Flugzeug- und Shuttle getragene SAR-Systeme werden zur Ableitung des Bodenwassergehalt im Oberboden verwendet. Die Untersuchungsgebiete lagen auf der Insel Rügen, in Oberbayern (Oberpfaffenhofen) und in Oklahoma (Little Washita). Die Regionalierung mit Fernerkundungsdaten wird anhand von geostatistisch aufbereiteten Referenzmessungen aus dem Feld verifiziert. Verschiedene Ableitungsverfahren (Regression, Rückstreuungsmodellierung, Nomogramme und Inversionsmodellierung) werden verglichen und Fehlermargen werden abgeleitet. / Airborne and shuttle-borne SAR systems are used for the retrieval of the soil water content in the upper soil layer. The investigation areas were located on Ruegen island, southern Bavaria, Germany, and Oklahoma (Little Washita), USA. The regionalization with remote sensing data is checked with geostatistically prepared field measurements of the soil water content. Different retrieval methods are compared (regression analysis, backscattering modeling, nomograms and inversion modelling) and error margins are retrieved.

This document examines the evolution of viola playing as heard through recordings of William Walton's Viola Concerto, written in 1929. The sixteen commercially issued recordings of the concerto, unevenly spaced, offer a variety of interpretative approaches. Its first performers were indebted to a style of performance practice with roots in the Romantic era, which emphasized the individuality of the performer above other considerations. Hallmarks of this style are tonal beauty, overt emotionalism and a freely subjective approach that included alterations to the music. The performers used portamento liberally, not yet demonized as a sign of poor taste, and thus had a uniquely vocal style of phrasing. Early violists' interpretations are striking for their flawed uniqueness, but, as we move toward the 1960s, a more modem approach takes over. It is characterized by fidelity to the score and consistent technical perfection, as well as less use of portamento in favor of continuous vibrato. The personal input of the performer is less pronounced; he is now more a conduit for the composer's intentions. Modern violists thus take fewer liberties and sound more alike, while exhibiting an unprecedented level of technical assurance. The reasons for this increase in homogeneity will be discussed. In addition, violinists' recordings of the Walton will be examined for signs of a violinistic mode of interpretation of the Walton.

Frequency reuse scheme is used to enhance the spectral efficiency in a cellular system, but inevitably the system suffers from co-channel interference of other users. Signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) is often used as a quality index of communication links. Several wireless communication algorithms, such as channel assignment, handover and power control, need real-time SIR information. All of these algorithms are under the assumptions that real-time SIR is available, but the methods of obtaining real-time SIR are seldom mentioned with these algorithms. In this thesis, we investigate three simple SIR estimation methods including statistics of spreading chips method, decorrelation detection method, and orthogonal stochastic approximation method. The performance of these SIR estimation methods are evaluated by computer simulations in a WCDMA system.

This thesis is the first to explore the life and political thought of Sir James Stewart of Goodtrees (1635-1713). The first part reviews the life of his father, Sir James Stewart of Kirk field (1608-1681) to 1661, and Goodtrees' own life from birth to his admission to the Scots bar in 1661. This provides the backdrop of history necessary to appreciate his contributions as both writer and radical activist. Particular attention focuses on the conflict between Charles I and Charles II, on the one hand, and the Church of Scotland, on the other; the National Covenant (1638) and the Solemn League and Covenant of(1643); the British wars of religion; and the upheavals following the Restoration in the 1660s, culminating in the Pentland Rising of 1666. The next part develops Goodtrees' political philosophy from his two most important writings. Chapter 3 reviews and interprets Naphtali (1667), a defence of those who rose at Pentland. Chapter 4 reviews Andrew Honyman's Survey of Naphtali (1668, 1669), a rebuttal of Naphtali and standard Anglican case for royal absolutism. Chapter 5 reviews and interprets Goodtrees' Jus Populi Vindicatum, or The People's Right, to defend themselves and their Covenanted Religion, vindicated (1669), his rejoinder to Honyman. His Calvinist, covenantal constitutionalism is shown to be an important link between earlier resistance theorists like John Knox and Samuel Rutherford and the later Whigs, represented preeminently by John Locke. The third part (chapters 6-7) reviews Goodtrees' life and minor writings as radical critic of the Restoration monarchy; a participant in plots among British exiles in Holland to overthrow it; a member briefly of James's Scottish government before the Revolution; and lord advocate and churchman pursuing political, legal, and ecclesiastical reforms afterwards.

This dissertation argues that Isaiah Berlin and John Rawls can be seen as seminal contributors to two quite distinct revivals of political theory in the latter half of the twentieth century. It suggests that coming to grips with the different underlying character of these revivals and writers is important to understanding political theory and liberalism today. However, while the importance Berlin's of Berlin's work is increasingly recognized, there remain puzzling controversies concerning its overall character and import and in particular concerning its relationship to the dominant forms of American political thought, and Rawls' work in particular. This dissertation offers a novel interpretation of Berlin's political thought and liberalism, and a preliminary exploration of its relationship with Rawls' political thought. / The reading of Berlin develops the following principal themes: (1) Berlin was a moderate but consistent historicist primarily concerned with the interpretive self-understanding of his own form of life; (2) Berlin was a strong but distinctive pluralist who argued for a limited but open-ended range of recognizable and rivalrous ultimate values and for an agitated equilibrium of these values in public life; (3) Berlin focused the bulk of his critical energy on defending an internally pluralistic range of traditionally liberal values within this agitated equilibrium, with an emphasis on liberty and pluralism. He nonetheless recognized that there were other equally ultimate values, not distinctively liberal, which were legitimate and deserving of consideration and even defense. Berlin's essential insight is into the contemporary rivalry of equally ultimate values revealed by the historicist exercise of the sympathetic imagination. / This interpretation of Berlin's thought suggests some deep points of dispute with Rawls' Political Liberalism, in particular over the regulative role of Rawls' political conception of justice in public reason. This dissertation argues that, when explored, these points of disagreement reveal two very different approaches to contemporary political thought, Berlin's grounded in an embrace of strong moral and political pluralism as the basis of political theory, and Rawls' grounded in an effort to tame such "simple" pluralism through the elaboration of a consensual normative framework of public life.

This study examines the relationship of Sir Sayyid Ahmad $ underline{ rm Kh}$an with the Indian $ sp{ rm c}$ulama'. As part of his reform movement, and in particular through his journal Tahzibu'l-Akhlaq, Sir Sayyid launched a severe attack on the $ sp{ rm c}$ulama'. He held the $ sp{ rm c}$ulama' directly responsible for leading the community to the verge of disintegration. For their part, the $ sp{ rm c}$ulama' thinspace's opposition to Sir Sayyid seems to have been inspired not so much by the theological ideas of Sir Sayyid as by the $ sp{ rm c}$ulama' thinspace's perception that Sir Sayyid's ideas, criticism and his reform movement in general were a challenge to their position and role in society. / The $ sp{ rm c}$ulama' thinspace's opposition was venomous but, for a variety of reasons, it did not prove strong enough to deal a mortal blow to the reform movement of Sir Sayyid.

La th??orie queer et l???autofiction th??orique, un statut g??n??rique qui recouvre plusieurs ??crits postmodernes, sont intimement li??es au renouveau f??ministe et ?? la r??sistance envers un essentialisme r??ducteur impos?? tant par le patriarcat que par un f??minisme lib??ral. En red??finissant leurs rapports ?? la th??orie et ?? l???action, certaines ??crivaines f??ministes de la nouvelle vague explorent les nombreuses possibilit??s offertes par le discours postmoderne du soi. Consid??rant l?????mergence de la th??orie queer comme un moment charni??re de l?????volution du f??minisme, la pr??sente recherche interroge les transformations survenues au cours des derni??res d??cennies en ce qui a trait ?? la bicat??gorisation du genre (litt??raire et sexuel) et ?? la refonte des identit??s (sexe/genre/sexualit??) ?? travers trois ??uvres repr??sentatives du genre litt??raire qu???est l???autofiction th??orique : King Kong th??orie (2006) de Virginie Despentes, Insurrections! en territoire sexuel (2009) de Wendy Delorme et Testo Junkie (2008) de Beatriz Preciado. Avec un cadre d???analyse poststructuraliste, regroupant la th??orie des scripts de la sexualit?? (Gagnon), les th??ories f??ministes de la performativit?? et du queer (Butler, Bourcier et Halberstam) ainsi que les th??ories de l???autofiction (Doubrovsky, Colonna et Lejeune), cette ??tude vise ?? ??valuer, sur un horizon postmoderne, les effets de l???autofiction th??orique sur la construction des rapports identitaires sexe/genre/sexualit?? des auteures/personnages/narratrices et, r??ciproquement, les effets de l'identit?? queer sur l???acte d?????criture f??ministe. Comme l???autofiction th??orique est un genre litt??raire tr??s r??cent, l???un des objectifs de cette recherche ??tait d???abord de le d??finir. Pour y parvenir, il fallait dresser la g??n??alogie du genre, invoquant ainsi la fiction th??orique d'??crivaines f??ministes qu??b??coises des ann??es 1970 et 1980 telles que Nicole Brossard et Louise Dupr??, et en ??tablir les caract??ristiques dominantes, soit la radicalit?? du discours, la pr??pond??rance des micropolitiques queer et l???utopie du devenir-Autre. L???objectif de l???analyse litt??raire du corpus choisi ??tait d???identifier, dans un premier temps, les voies emprunt??es par les autofictionnaires pour marquer leur s??paration du discours h??t??ropatriarcal dominant et de statuer, dans un second temps, des effets r??ciproques de leur performativit?? et de leur ??criture. Apr??s un chapitre th??orique situant pr??cis??ment l???autofiction th??orique au sein du paradigme postmoderne et du renouveau f??ministe, les trois ??uvres du corpus sont ??tudi??es ind??pendamment dans un second chapitre o?? l???analyse approfondie de celles-ci montre un ??clatement des dyades esprit/corps et r??flexion/??motion par une valorisation de l???exp??rience culturelle de genre. L???objectivit?? th??orique et la subjectivit?? de l???expression de soi s???unissent dans une exp??rience concr??te tant de l???alt??risation des femmes que d???une vision queer du monde. Les discours des trois autofictionnaires constituent ni plus ni moins des voies de contestation des discours h??g??moniques ??? tant sur un plan th??orique que pragmatique ??? alliant ainsi d??construction radicale et projet utopique. C???est d???ailleurs cet esprit de contradiction oxymorique qui constitue l???une des particularit??s pr??pond??rantes de ce discours proposant une pens??e queer positive qui comble un certain vide laiss?? par la d??construction postmoderne.