Lau, Ying Chui Janice. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-235). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; includes Chinese characters. / Abstract / Acknowledgement / Chapter 1 / Introduction --- p.1 / Background --- p.4 / Defining Female New Immigrants --- p.7 / Literature Review --- p.10 / Methodology --- p.22 / List of Informants --- p.25 / Thesis Structure --- p.27 / Chapter 2 / History of Female Mainland Migrants in Hong Kong --- p.30 / Invisible Female Migrants --- p.31 / Immigration Policy as Identity Marker --- p.35 / Gender Implications in the Immigration Policy --- p.37 / Shifts in Social Policy and Social Capital --- p.41 / Hong Kong Identity: a Gender Perspective --- p.45 / "Class, Popular Culture and Identity Politics" --- p.50 / Conclusion --- p.53 / Chapter 3 / Hongkongness in the Classroom --- p.56 / Learning Hong Kong English --- p.60 / Learning “accentless´ح Cantonese --- p.70 / Learning Proper Behavior --- p.78 / Learning the Hong Kong Spirit --- p.87 / Conclusion --- p.94 / Chapter 4 / Reconstructing Womanhood --- p.96 / Dressing up in Hongkong-Style --- p.100 / Reconstructing a Hongkong-Style Beautiful Face --- p.104 / Learning to be a Wife of Hong Kong Man --- p.109 / Learning to be a Hong Kong Mother --- p.116 / Marital Relationship and Adaptation --- p.119 / Conclusion --- p.137 / Chapter 5 / Empowerment and Disempowerment --- p.140 / Empowerment --- p.141 / Structural Resources --- p.143 / Gain and Loss of Capital --- p.147 / Defining Capital: Social Workers and Class Teachers --- p.152 / Redefining Capital: Mainland Women Migrants´ة Agency --- p.157 / Evaluation of Achievement --- p.163 / Breaking Down of Cultural Boundaries --- p.163 / Discarding Stereotypes --- p.166 / Constructing New Relations --- p.169 / Disempowerment --- p.175 / Conclusion --- p.186 / Chapter 6 / Conclusion --- p.189 / A Uniquely Hong Kong Process --- p.189 / Keeping an Imagined Boundary --- p.195 / Imitating Hongkong-Style Womanhood --- p.199 / Women´ةs Empowerment and Disempowerment --- p.203 / Policy Implications and Recommendations --- p.206 / The Way Ahead --- p.213 / Appendixes --- p.215 / Bibliography --- p.219

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"July 24, 2004" / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 297-319) / xix, 319 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, Discipline of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2004

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published_or_final_version / abstract / Social Work and Social Administration / Master / Master of Philosophy

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The ultra-Orthodox (haredi) Jewish community includes the Hasidim and misnagdim who believe that they are the true followers of God's commandments, as He intended them to be followed when presented at Sinai, and as interpreted and codified by the Mishnah, Talmud, and other Rabbinic works. Little research has examined deviance within this group. This thesis delves into types of deviant behaviors taking place among haredi adolescents, as well as their causes, so that effective interventions, sensitive to the virtually unique needs of this group, can be implemented. Theoretical definitions of deviance are examined as they relate to this community and its emphasis on religious observance. Ultimately, deviance is defined as matters that can distract the individual from expected levels of religious observance. / Using Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model of Human Development, this thesis also explores the environmental factors contributing to a rise in deviant behavior in segments of the Montreal ultra-Orthodox community. From an analysis of data obtained from numerous interviews with community members as well as with mental health professionals familiar with this group, four contributing factors to the rise of deviant behavior among adolescent boys are identified. These factors test current haredi methods of maintaining strong cultural boundaries and may suggest that changes are necessary to cope with current challenges. The lure of mainstream culture is a strong draw for adolescents and advances in technology allow these individuals to easily engage in secret deviant behavior while remaining in good standing within the community. Moreover, the rigid structure of the school day with its long hours and intensive curriculum makes it difficult to accommodate the needs of all students. Changes in family structure, dynamics, and composition, as well as an increasingly stringent interpretation of religious law have also contributed to a rise in deviance. Finally, community financial weakness is explored as it relates to adolescence and a loss of religious identity.