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Don’t Touch: Social Appropriateness of Touch Sensor Placement on Interactive Lumalive E-Textile ShirtsCheng, Sylvia Hou-Yan 31 August 2011 (has links)
We discuss the design of an e-textile shirt with an interactive Lumalive display featuring a touch-controlled image browser. To determine where to place touch sensors, we investigated which areas of the Lumalive shirt users would be comfortable touching or being touched. We did so by measuring how often participants would opt out of touches. Results show significant differences in opt-outs between touch zones on the front of the shirt. For both touchers and touchees, opt-outs occurred mostly in the upper chest touch zone. We also found significant differences in comfort ratings between touch zones on the front as well as on the back of the shirt. On the front, the
upper chest and lower abdominal zones were the least comfortable touch zones. We found no gender effects on overall comfort ratings, suggesting the upper chest area
was equally uncomfortable to males as it was to females. Interestingly, touching some areas rated as most uncomfortable produced a significantly greater calming effect on heart rate. Findings suggest participants were less comfortable with touches on the upper chest, the lower abdomen, and the lower back. We conclude that the most appropriate areas for touch sensors on a shirt are on the arms and shoulders, as well as on the upper back. Based on these findings, we created an interactive shirt for
a proximity-based game of tag using Lumalive e-textile displays. This custom shirt features touch sensors located on the shoulder and lower arm regions of the shirt. / Thesis (Master, Computing) -- Queen's University, 2011-08-29 16:27:36.37
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Rat social touchBobrov, Evgeny 29 September 2014 (has links)
Ratten verwenden Schnurrhaare (Vibrissen) zur Berührungswahrnehmung, und die Leitungsbahn von den Vibrissen zum primären somatosensorischen Areal (Barrel Cortex, BC) ist gut untersucht. Ratten zeigen auch vielfältiges Sozialverhalten, u.a. Berührung von Artgenossen mit ihren Vibrissen. Es ist jedoch unbekannt, wie diese sozialen Berührungssignale im Gehirn repräsentiert sind. Deshalb hatte die vorliegende Studie zum Ziel, die neuronale Repräsentation von sozialen Berührungen im BC zu untersuchen und mit anderer somatosensorischer Stimulation zu vergleichen. Mit extrazellulären Einzelzellableitungen in sich frei bewegenden Ratten habe ich gezeigt, dass die Aktivität eines Großteils von Neuronen im BC durch soziale Berührungen moduliert wird. Antworten waren meist erregend und Feuerraten während sozialer Interaktionen unterschieden sich zwischen kortikalen Schichten. Ratten bevorzugten Interaktionen mit Artgenossen gegenüber unbelebten Stimuli. Auch die Berührungsstrategien unterschieden sich, dabei wurden Objekte mit regelmäßigeren Bewegungen abgetastet, und die Vibrissen weiter vorgestreckt. Neuronale Antworten unterschieden sich ebenso, mit leicht aber konsistent schwächeren Antworten auf Objekte. Interessanterweise habe ich geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in neuronalen Antworten beobachtet. Der ausgeprägteste war die stärkere Modulation regulär-feuernder (RF) Zellen in Männchen während sozialer Berührungen. Dieser Unterschied konnte nicht mit sozialem Berührungsverhalten erklärt werden, was eventuell auf eine neurale Grundlage dieser Differenz hindeutet. Zudem feuerten RF-Zellen von Weibchen deutlich seltener, wenn das Weibchen im Östrus war. Zusammenfassend ist dies die erste Studie, die soziale Signale in einem primären sensorischen Areal bei sich frei bewegenden Tieren auf zellulärer Ebene untersuchte. Sie legt nahe, dass die Repräsentationen sensorischer Hirnrinde weniger stimulusabhängig und stärker top-down-moduliert sein könnten, als zuvor angenommen. / Rats use their stiff facial hairs (whiskers) for somatosensation, and the pathway from the whiskers to the primary somatosensory cortex (barrel cortex, BC) is well known. Rats also show diverse social behaviors, including touch of conspecifics with their whiskers. The representation of these social touch signals in the brain is however unknown. Thus, the present study aimed at characterizing the neuronal representation of social touch signals in BC and comparing them with non-social somatosensory stimulation. Using extracellular single-cell recordings in freely-moving rats, I could show that the activity of a large fraction of BC neurons is modulated by social touch. Responses were typically excitatory and the pattern of firing rates during interactions differed between cortical layers. Rats preferred interactions with alive conspecifics over inanimate stimuli. Whisking strategies also differed in that inanimate stimuli were whisked at with more regular movements from more protracted set angles. Neuronal responses were also different, such that objects elicited slightly but consistently weaker responses than alive rats. Interestingly, I observed sex-specific differences in neuronal responses. Prominently, there was stronger modulation by social touch in regular-spikers (RS) recorded from males. This could not be explained by behavioral measures, possibly indicating a neural origin of this difference. Further, RS from females fired much more weakly when females were in estrus. In summary, this is the first study that investigated social signals in a primary sensory area of freely-moving animals at the cellular level. It suggests that representations in sensory cortices might be less stimulus-driven and more top-down modulated than previously thought.
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