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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Vespa social Polybia fastidiosuscula: resposta olfativa para voláteis e identificação dos compostos de plantas de milho induzido

Saraiva, Nayara Braga 28 February 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-16T17:40:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 nayarabragasaraiva.pdf: 916041 bytes, checksum: 2cc041ff313dbe5599a9e5ece26a9c71 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-26T12:40:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nayarabragasaraiva.pdf: 916041 bytes, checksum: 2cc041ff313dbe5599a9e5ece26a9c71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T12:40:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nayarabragasaraiva.pdf: 916041 bytes, checksum: 2cc041ff313dbe5599a9e5ece26a9c71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / A lagarta Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepdopitera: Noctuidae) é praga na cultura do milho, afetando em até 60% os rendimentos de grãos. Uma das formas de controle dessa praga é por meio do controle biológico, sendo as vespas predadoras uma alternativa viável . Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar a resposta olfativa da vespa social Polybia fastidiosuscual (Saussure) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) para voláteis liberados por plantas de milho e/ou da lagarta S. frugiperda. Utilizando um olfatômetro em Y, foram realizados bioensaios comportamentais para verificar a resposta comportamental das vespas sociais aos voláteis liberados por lagartas S. frugiperda, por plantas de milho, por plantas de milho induzidas com lagartas Spodoptera frugiperda e plantas de milho injúrias mecânicas e/ou tratadas com regurgito de lagartas ou água. Observou-se que as vespas sociais não tiveram preferência significativa quando ofertou-se, ar, lagartas, plantas de milho sem indução ou plantas de milho injuriadas mecanicamente tratadas com água. No entanto, as vespas preferiram plantas induzidas por lagartas S. frugiperda ou plantas injuriadas mecanicamente tratadas com regurgito de lagartas durante os intervalos de 5-6 horas e 24-25 horas. O mesmo não foi observado quando as plantas foram induzidas por lagartas ou injuriadas mecanicamente tratadas com regurgito de lagarta no intervalo de 1-2 horas. Estes resultados foram confirmados quando ofertou-se os extratos plantas de milho induzidas por lagartas S. frugiperda ou plantas de milho injuriadas mecanicamente tratadas com regurgito de lagartas após 5-6 horas de indução versus o hexano como controle. Em uma segunda fase os extratos de plantas de milho sem indução, plantas de milho com a presença de S. frugiperda por 1 hora, plantas de milho com a presença continua de S. frugiperda e de plantas de milho injuriadas mecanicamente tratadas com regurgito de lagartas foram quantificados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a detecção por ionização de chamas (CG-DIC) e analisados por cromatógrafo gasoso acoplado a espectrômetro de massas (CG-EM) utilizando o gás hélio como gás de arraste. Os dados foram coletados e avaliados com o software ChemStation. E a identificação dos compostos dos extratos das plantas de milho foi feita por comparação dos tempos de retenção no CG-DIC com os dos padrões usando coluna apolares e cálculo do índice de Kovats. / The caterpillar Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepdopitera: Noctuidae) is a pest in corn, affecting up to 60%, the grain yield. One way to control this pest is through biological control, and predatory wasps a viable alternative. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the olfactory response of the social wasp Polybia fastidiosuscula (Saussure) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to volatiles released by maize plants and / or caterpillar S. frugiperda. Using a olfactometer-Y, behavioral experiments were conducted to verify the behavioral response to volatile social wasps released by S. frugiperda larvae by corn plants, induced by corn plants with caterpillars Spodoptera frugiperda and corn plants mechanical injuries and / or treated with caterpillars regurgitate or water. It was observed that the wasps did not have significant social preferably when offered up, air, caterpillars, corn plants without induction or mechanically injured maize plants treated with water. However, wasps preferred induced by S. frugiperda larvae or mechanically injured plants treated with caterpillars of regurgitation during intervals 5-6 hours and 24-25 hours plants. The same was not observed when plants were induced by caterpillars or injured mechanically treated with caterpillar regurgitate in the range of 1-2 hours. These results were confirmed when offered up corn plant extracts induced by S. frugiperda larvae or corn plants injured overflow, mechanically treated larvae after 5-6 hours of induction versus hexane as control. In a second phase extracts of corn plants without induction, corn plants with the presence of S. frugiperda for 1 hour, corn plants with the continued presence of S. frugiperda and corn plants injured mechanically treated regurgitate Crawler were quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using helium as the carrier gas. Data were collected and evaluated with the ChemStation software. And the identification of compounds of extracts of maize plants was made by comparison of retention times in GC-FID with patterns using nonpolar column and Kovats index calculation.

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